Umama bt. Abi l-As b. al-Rabi': Difference between revisions

'''Umāma bt. Abi l-ʿĀṣ b. al-Rabīʿ''' (Arabic: {{ia|أمامة بنت ابي العاص بن الربيع}}) was the daughter of [[Zaynab_bt._Muhammad_(s)|Zaynab]], who was the daughter of the Prophet (s) and [[Khadija (a)]]. She married [[Imam Ali (a)]] after the death of [[Lady Fatima (a)]]. It is said that this marriage took place upon the request of Lady Fatiam (a).

Umama got born before the [[Bi'tha]] and died in the year [[50]]/670.<ref>Dhahabī, ''Tārīkh al-Islām'', vol.4, p.24.</ref> Her father [[Abu l-'As b. al-Rabi']]<ref>Ibn al-Athīr, ''Usd al-ghāba'', vol.4, p.473.</ref> (d. 12/633-34), was [[Khadija]]'s nephew.<ref>Wāqidī, ''Al-Maghāzī'', vol1, p.139; Ibn Hishām, ''Al-Sīra al-nabawīyya'', vol.2, p.306.</ref> He accepted [[Islam]] in about 6/627-28. Her mother, [[Zaynab_bt._Muhammad_(s)|Zaynab]], was the daughter of the [[Prophet (s)]] and Khadija (a),<ref>Ibn al-Athīr, ''Usd al-ghāba'', vol.4, p.473.</ref> who died in 8/629-30<ref>Khalīfa b. Khayyāt, ''Tārīkh Khalīfa b. Khayyāt'', p.44.</ref> and was buried in [[al-Baqi']].  

The [[Prophet (s)]] loved Umama so dearly and would place her on his shoulders while saying [[prayers]]. ‌Before [[sajda]] he would lay her on the floor and when rising he would pick her up again.<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''Al-Istīʿāb'', vol.4, p.22; Ibn al-Athīr, ''Usd al-ghāba'', vol.6, p.22;ʿAsqalānī, ''Al-Iṣāba'', vol.8, p.24; Maqdisī, ''Al-Badʾa wa al-tārīkh'', vol.7, p.331; Ibn Saʿd, ''Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol.8, p.32. </ref> The faqihs use this narration is order to justify to allow doing certain things while saying prayers.<ref>See: al-Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anvār'', vol.81, p.288.</ref>  

After the death of [[Fatima al-Zahra (a)]], upon her request, [[Imam Ali (a)]] married Umama<ref>Nūrī, ''Mustadrak al-wasāʾil'', vol.2, p.135; Ibn al-Athīr, ''Usd al-ghāba'', vol.6, p.22; al-Majlisī, vol.43, p.217.</ref> and got a son from her, named [[Muhammad al-Awsat]].<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol.3, p.14; Ibn al-Athīr, ''Al-Kāmil fī al-tārīkh'', vol.3, p.397; Balādhurī, ''ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol.3, p.193.  </ref> When Imam Ali (s) got wounded by [[Ibn Muljam]], he has demanded Umama to marry [[al-Mughira b. Nawfal]]. After her [['idda]] has passed, she married him and till his death was his wife and gave birth to a child called Yahya.<ref>Ibn al-Athīr, ''Usd al-ghāba'', vol.4, p.473 , vol.6, p.22; ʿAsqalānī, ''Al-Iṣāba'', vol.8, p.25; Dhahabī, ''Tārīkh al-Islām'', vol.4, p.24; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''Al-Istīʿāb'', vol.4, p.1789.</ref> Some believe, however, that she got no children from Imam 'Ali (a) and al-Mughira.<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol.8, p.168; See: ʿAsqalānī, ''Al-Iṣāba'', vol.8, p.25; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''Al-Istīʿāb'', vol.4, p.1789. </ref>

According to some reports, Imam Ali (a), already on deathbed, has asked al-Mughira to marry Umama, for he was afraid that after his death, [[Mu'awiya]] would propose marriage to Umama.<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''Al-Istīʿāb'', vol.2, p.1789. </ref> In another report Imam Ali (a) has said to Umama, "If you would need to get married after my death, marry al-Mughira". After Ali (a) passed away, Mu'awiya proposed her marriage. She sent a message to al-Mughira saying that Mu'awiya wanted to marry her and if he would want her as his wife, he should ask for her hand. And it was such that Umama became al-Mughira's wife.<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''Al-Istīʿāb'', vol.2, p.1789-1790.</ref>