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Holy Shrine of al-Abbas (a): Difference between revisions
Holy Shrine of al-Abbas (a) (view source)
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'''Shrine of Abbas (a)''' (Arabic:{{ia|العتبة العباسية المقدسة}} is the burial place of [['Abbas b. Ali (a)]] in [[Karbala]] which is located 378 meters north east of the [[Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)]] and the place between the two shrines is called [[Bayn al-Haramayn]]. The Shrine of Abbas (a) has a shared history with the Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a) and is one of the most important places for [[Shi'a]] to visit. | |||
Abbas (a) was martyred on Muharram | Abbas (a) was martyred on [[Muharram 10]], [[61]]/680 when confronting with the army of [['Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad]]. | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
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=== The Third Building === | === The Third Building === | ||
The Abbasid caliph al-Muntasir distributed great property among | The Abbasid caliph al-Muntasir distributed great property among 'Alavis and ordered to reconstruct the city of Karbala and the shrine of Abbas (a). Thus, Karbala was developed in his time and pilgrims flew to the city from different places. | ||
=== The Fourth Building === | === The Fourth Building === | ||
In 367 AH, | In 367 AH, 'Adud al-Dawla Daylami entered Baghdad and then went to visit Karbala and Najaf and ordered to build a great shrine for Abbas (a). The mentioned building began in 367 AH and finished in 372 AH. | ||
=== At the Time of Jalayirids === | === At the Time of Jalayirids === | ||
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=== In the Attack of Wahhabis === | === In the Attack of Wahhabis === | ||
On Dhu al-Hijjah 18th, 1216 AH when people had gone to Najaf from Karbala to celebrate Eid al-Ghadir, Sa’ud b. | On Dhu al-Hijjah 18th, 1216 AH when people had gone to Najaf from Karbala to celebrate Eid al-Ghadir, Sa’ud b. 'Abd al-'Aziz attacked Karbala with an army and ordered the pillage of the whole city, destruction of the Shrine of Abbas (a) and looted all the gifts of Safavid Shahs and Nader Shah and chandeliers of gold and silver, etc. | ||
=== At the Time of Qajar === | === At the Time of Qajar === | ||
After the attack of Wahhabis to Karbala, people of Iran with the help of the government at the time of Fath Ali Shah Qajar made great donation to the city and repaired all the destructions Wahhabis had made. The shrine of Abbas (a) was also repaired and the silver Darih Fath Ali Shah had gifted was installed in 1227 AH. | After the attack of Wahhabis to Karbala, people of Iran with the help of the government at the time of Fath Ali Shah Qajar made great donation to the city and repaired all the destructions Wahhabis had made. The shrine of Abbas (a) was also repaired and the silver Darih Fath Ali Shah had gifted was installed in 1227 AH. | ||
Repairs of the shrine were not stopped during the rule of Qajar and Nasir al-Din Shah ordered the renewal of tilework the dome. In 1304 AH, the tilework of the courtyard finished and the tilework of the dome was finished in 1305 AH. Also, | Repairs of the shrine were not stopped during the rule of Qajar and Nasir al-Din Shah ordered the renewal of tilework the dome. In 1304 AH, the tilework of the courtyard finished and the tilework of the dome was finished in 1305 AH. Also, 'Abd al-Husayn Tihrani, known as Shaykh al-'Iraqayn made extensive repairs in the shrine using a third of the money given to him by Mirza Taqi Khan Amir Kabir. | ||
=== The Current Condition === | === The Current Condition === | ||
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==== Rawaqs ==== | ==== Rawaqs ==== | ||
The shrine of Abbas (a) has four rawaqs which surround darih from four sides: the north rawaq is for entering the basement and the holy grave and it is said that it has been overlooking | The shrine of Abbas (a) has four rawaqs which surround darih from four sides: the north rawaq is for entering the basement and the holy grave and it is said that it has been overlooking 'Alqama stream. The south rawaq having three doors opened to the golden portico. | ||
==== The Golden Portico ==== | ==== The Golden Portico ==== | ||
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== The Place of Abbas’s (a) Hand == | == The Place of Abbas’s (a) Hand == | ||
The place of the right hand of Abbas (a) is between Bab al-Baghdad and Bab al-Khan, near Bab al- | The place of the right hand of Abbas (a) is between Bab al-Baghdad and Bab al-Khan, near Bab al-'Alqami of the shrine of Abu al-Fadl (a) and the place of the left hand of Abbas (a) is 50 meters away from the small Bab al-Qibla of the courtyard of the shrine of Abbas (a) at the entrance of Bab al-Khan bazaar. | ||
== Existence of Water beside the Grave of Abbas (a) == | == Existence of Water beside the Grave of Abbas (a) == | ||
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== Management of the Shrine of Abbas (a) == | == Management of the Shrine of Abbas (a) == | ||
Management of the shrine is among important positions between the time of Buyids and Safavids and at the time of Safavids, it became much more important. Since 18th century AH, some people living in Karbala have orders from Safavid kings for management of the shrine. During the rule of Ottomans in Iraq, names of some managers and servants of the shrines of Imam al-Husayn (a) and Abbas (a) were registered in a special record. However sometimes, when the managers are Sayyid, they also have the position of leadership of Alavis and thus become the ruler of Karbala and sometimes they are only managers of the shrine and the leader of Alavis would be someone else. Only towards the end of the rule of Safavids and the beginning of the rule of Ottomans over Iraq, there were non-Alavi managers for the shrine. | Management of the shrine is among important positions between the time of Buyids and Safavids and at the time of Safavids, it became much more important. Since 18th century AH, some people living in Karbala have orders from Safavid kings for management of the shrine. During the rule of Ottomans in Iraq, names of some managers and servants of the shrines of Imam al-Husayn (a) and Abbas (a) were registered in a special record. However sometimes, when the managers are Sayyid, they also have the position of leadership of Alavis and thus become the ruler of Karbala and sometimes they are only managers of the shrine and the leader of Alavis would be someone else. Only towards the end of the rule of Safavids and the beginning of the rule of Ottomans over Iraq, there were non-Alavi managers for the shrine. | ||
[[fa:حرم حضرت عباس (ع)]] | |||