Anonymous user
Holy Shrine of al-Abbas (a): Difference between revisions
m
no edit summary
imported>Bahrami mNo edit summary |
imported>Bahrami mNo edit summary |
||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
}}}}</onlyinclude> | }}}}</onlyinclude> | ||
[[File:حرم حضرت عباس.jpg|300px|thumbnail|right|The Holy Shrine of 'Abbas b. Ali (a)]] | [[File:حرم حضرت عباس.jpg|300px|thumbnail|right|The Holy Shrine of al-'Abbas b. Ali (a)]] | ||
'''Shrine of al-'Abbas (a)''' (Arabic: {{ia|العَتَبَة العَباسيَّة المُقَدَّسَة}}) is the burial place of [[al-'Abbas b. 'Ali (a)]] in [[Karbala]] which is located 378 meters north east of the [[Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)]] and the place between the two shrines is called [[Bayn al-Haramayn]]. The Shrine of al-'Abbas (a) has a shared history with the Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a) and is one of the most important places for [[Shi'a]] to visit. | '''Shrine of al-'Abbas (a)''' (Arabic: {{ia|العَتَبَة العَباسيَّة المُقَدَّسَة}}) is the burial place of [[al-'Abbas b. 'Ali (a)]] in [[Karbala]] which is located 378 meters north east of the [[Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)]] and the place between the two shrines is called [[Bayn al-Haramayn]]. The Shrine of al-'Abbas (a) has a shared history with the Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a) and is one of the most important places for [[Shi'a]] to visit. | ||
| Line 20: | Line 20: | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
The Holy Shrine of al-'Abbas (a) is located on the east of the Holy Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a), the same place he (a) was martyred. This building includes one court, mausoleum and a dome covered with tiles and two minarets with heads plated with gold. Always, the people who have cared about rebuilding and expanding the Holy Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a) have rebuilt and renewed the holy shrine of 'Abbas (a) as well. | The Holy Shrine of al-'Abbas (a) is located on the east of the Holy Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a), the same place he (a) was martyred. This building includes one court, mausoleum and a dome covered with tiles and two minarets with heads plated with gold. Always, the people who have cared about rebuilding and expanding the Holy Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a) have rebuilt and renewed the holy shrine of al-'Abbas (a) as well. | ||
=== First Building === | === First Building === | ||
| Line 38: | Line 38: | ||
=== At the Time of Safavids === | === At the Time of Safavids === | ||
[[Shah Isma'il Safavi]] victoriously entered Baghdad on [[Jumada II 25]], [[914]]/ [[October 31]], 1508 and was well received by Shias. The next day, he went toward Karbala and sat in the Holy Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a) for one whole day. He then went to the shrine of 'Abbas (a) and ordered to make extensive repairs on the shrine. He also gifted twelve cylinders of pure gold he had brought with himself from Iran to the shrine of al-'Abbas (a). He ordered to cover the floor of the whole shrine with valuable silk carpets woven in [[Isfahan]] and employed a special team of servants for the maintenance and lighting the cresset of the shrine whose descendants are known today in Karbala as Al Qandil. Isma'il Safavi also ordered the tiling of the dome as well which was still remaining until [[1302]]/1884-5. | [[Shah Isma'il Safavi]] victoriously entered Baghdad on [[Jumada II 25]], [[914]]/ [[October 31]], 1508 and was well received by Shias. The next day, he went toward Karbala and sat in the Holy Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a) for one whole day. He then went to the shrine of al-'Abbas (a) and ordered to make extensive repairs on the shrine. He also gifted twelve cylinders of pure gold he had brought with himself from Iran to the shrine of al-'Abbas (a). He ordered to cover the floor of the whole shrine with valuable silk carpets woven in [[Isfahan]] and employed a special team of servants for the maintenance and lighting the cresset of the shrine whose descendants are known today in Karbala as Al Qandil. Isma'il Safavi also ordered the tiling of the dome as well which was still remaining until [[1302]]/1884-5. | ||
=== At the Time of Nader Shah Afshar === | === At the Time of Nader Shah Afshar === | ||
| Line 44: | Line 44: | ||
=== In the Attack of Wahhabis === | === In the Attack of Wahhabis === | ||
On [[Dhu l-Hijja 18]], [[1216]]/[[April 21]], 1802 when people had gone from Karbala to Najaf to celebrate [[Eid al-Ghadir]], [[Sa'ud b. 'Abd al-'Aziz]] attacked Karbala with an army and ordered the pillage of the whole city, destruction of the Shrine of 'Abbas (a) and loot all the gifts of Safavid Shahs and Nader Shah and chandeliers of gold and silver, etc. | On [[Dhu l-Hijja 18]], [[1216]]/[[April 21]], 1802 when people had gone from Karbala to Najaf to celebrate [[Eid al-Ghadir]], [[Sa'ud b. 'Abd al-'Aziz]] attacked Karbala with an army and ordered the pillage of the whole city, destruction of the Shrine of al-'Abbas (a) and loot all the gifts of Safavid Shahs and Nader Shah and chandeliers of gold and silver, etc. | ||
=== At the Time of Qajar === | === At the Time of Qajar === | ||
| Line 53: | Line 53: | ||
=== The Current Condition === | === The Current Condition === | ||
[[File:ضریح حضرت ابوالفضل.jpg|250px|thumbnail|right|The previous darih]] | [[File:ضریح حضرت ابوالفضل.jpg|250px|thumbnail|right|The previous darih]] | ||
The shrine of 'Abbas (a) is located 378 meters north-east of the [[Holy Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)]] and [[Bayn al-Haramayn]] is the place connecting the two shrines. The burial place of [[al-'Ababs b. Ali (a)]] is located in the middle of the shrine and over it a gifted exquisite Khatam box is placed on which some repairs have been made over time. | The shrine of al-'Abbas (a) is located 378 meters north-east of the [[Holy Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)]] and [[Bayn al-Haramayn]] is the place connecting the two shrines. The burial place of [[al-'Ababs b. Ali (a)]] is located in the middle of the shrine and over it a gifted exquisite Khatam box is placed on which some repairs have been made over time. | ||
Over the box, the silver [[darih]] is placed which was made using four hundred thousand Mithqals (a unit of mass equal to 4.25 grams) of pure silver and eight thousand Mithqals of gold after three years by Iranian artists and the help of [[Sayyid Muhsin al-Hakim]] and was installed in [[1385]]/1965-6. There are four symmetric rawaqs at the four sides of the shrine which are joined at their ends. The ceiling and all the walls the shrine and rawaqs have mirror-works on them made by Iranian artists. Over darih, a great dome is built gold plating which was finished in [[1375]]/1955-6. | Over the box, the silver [[darih]] is placed which was made using four hundred thousand Mithqals (a unit of mass equal to 4.25 grams) of pure silver and eight thousand Mithqals of gold after three years by Iranian artists and the help of [[Sayyid Muhsin al-Hakim]] and was installed in [[1385]]/1965-6. There are four symmetric rawaqs at the four sides of the shrine which are joined at their ends. The ceiling and all the walls the shrine and rawaqs have mirror-works on them made by Iranian artists. Over darih, a great dome is built gold plating which was finished in [[1375]]/1955-6. | ||
| Line 62: | Line 62: | ||
==== Rawaqs ==== | ==== Rawaqs ==== | ||
The shrine of 'Abbas (a) has four rawaqs which surround darih from four sides: the north rawaq is used to enter the basement and the holy grave and it is said that it has been overlooking [['Alqama Stream]]. The south rawaq having three doors opened to the golden portico. | The shrine of al-'Abbas (a) has four rawaqs which surround darih from four sides: the north rawaq is used to enter the basement and the holy grave and it is said that it has been overlooking [['Alqama Stream]]. The south rawaq having three doors opened to the golden portico. | ||
==== Golden Portico ==== | ==== Golden Portico ==== | ||
| Line 77: | Line 77: | ||
=== Treasure and the Library of the Shrine === | === Treasure and the Library of the Shrine === | ||
In the shrine of 'Abbas (a), there are precious articles which are priceless including precious carpets, carpets woven by gold threads or having gems, golden chandeliers, inlaid swords, golden clocks, clocks made of ebony woods and alike. | In the shrine of al-'Abbas (a), there are precious articles which are priceless including precious carpets, carpets woven by gold threads or having gems, golden chandeliers, inlaid swords, golden clocks, clocks made of ebony woods and alike. | ||
The library of the shrine contains 109 very precious handwritten copies of the [[Holy Qur'an]], one of which is attributed to [[Imam Ali (a)]]. The library of the shrine and its treasure are kept in one place. | The library of the shrine contains 109 very precious handwritten copies of the [[Holy Qur'an]], one of which is attributed to [[Imam Ali (a)]]. The library of the shrine and its treasure are kept in one place. | ||
| Line 92: | Line 92: | ||
# Shaykh Kazim al-Har | # Shaykh Kazim al-Har | ||
== | == Place of al-'Abbas's (a) Hand == | ||
The place of the right hand of 'Abbas (a) is between Bab al-Baghdad and Bab al-Khan, near Bab al-'Alqami of the shrine of Abu l-Fadl (a) and the place of the left hand of 'Abbas (a) is 50 meters away from the small Bab al-Qibla of the courtyard of the shrine of 'Abbas (a) at the entrance of Bab al-Khan bazaar. | The place of the right hand of al-'Abbas (a) is between Bab al-Baghdad and Bab al-Khan, near Bab al-'Alqami of the shrine of Abu l-Fadl (a) and the place of the left hand of al-'Abbas (a) is 50 meters away from the small Bab al-Qibla of the courtyard of the shrine of al-'Abbas (a) at the entrance of Bab al-Khan bazaar. | ||
== Existence of Water beside the Grave of 'Abbas (a) == | == Existence of Water beside the Grave of al-'Abbas (a) == | ||
[[File:Holy-Shrine-of-Abbas-a-05.jpg|250px|thumbnail|right|Water is in the basement of the Holy Shrine]] | [[File:Holy-Shrine-of-Abbas-a-05.jpg|250px|thumbnail|right|Water is in the basement of the Holy Shrine]] | ||
There is a water spring surrounding and under the grave of 'Abbas (a). Since 50 years ago, the water level has been intact and using its water does not change its level. The water level is one meter above the grave but it does not enter the grave area. The entrance to water channel in the shrine of 'Abbas (a) is currently closed. | There is a water spring surrounding and under the grave of al-'Abbas (a). Since 50 years ago, the water level has been intact and using its water does not change its level. The water level is one meter above the grave but it does not enter the grave area. The entrance to water channel in the shrine of al-'Abbas (a) is currently closed. | ||
== Management of the Shrine of 'Abbas (a) == | == Management of the Shrine of al-'Abbas (a) == | ||
Management of the shrine is among important positions between the time of [[Buyid]]s and [[Safavid]]s and at the time of Safavids, it became much more important. Since 10th/16th century , some people living in Karbala have orders from Safavid kings for management of the shrine. During the rule of [[Ottoman]]s in Iraq, names of some managers and servants of the shrines of Imam al-Husayn (a) and 'Abbas (a) were registered in a special record. However sometimes, when the managers are [[Sayyid]], they also have the position of leadership of Alavis and thus become the ruler of Karbala and sometimes they are only managers of the shrine and the leader of Alavis would be someone else. Only towards the end of the rule of Safavids and the beginning of the rule of Ottomans over [[Iraq]], there were non-Alavi managers for the shrine. | Management of the shrine is among important positions between the time of [[Buyid]]s and [[Safavid]]s and at the time of Safavids, it became much more important. Since 10th/16th century , some people living in Karbala have orders from Safavid kings for management of the shrine. During the rule of [[Ottoman]]s in Iraq, names of some managers and servants of the shrines of Imam al-Husayn (a) and al-'Abbas (a) were registered in a special record. However sometimes, when the managers are [[Sayyid]], they also have the position of leadership of Alavis and thus become the ruler of Karbala and sometimes they are only managers of the shrine and the leader of Alavis would be someone else. Only towards the end of the rule of Safavids and the beginning of the rule of Ottomans over [[Iraq]], there were non-Alavi managers for the shrine. | ||
==Gallery== | ==Gallery== | ||