Jump to content

Draft:Dar al tahrim bayt al madhahib al islamiyya image

Add links
From wikishia
Not to be confused with World Forum for Proximity of Islamic Schools of Thought.
Dar al-Taqrib bayn al-Madhahib al-Islamiyya
General Information
FounderMahmud Shaltut and Muhammad Taqi Qummi
Established1947
TypeEducational • Research • Propagation
LocationCairo
Specifications
StatusInactive (Dissolved in 1979)


Dār al-Taqrīb bayn al-Madhāhib al-Islāmiyya (Arabic: دارالتقریب بین المذاهب الاسلامیة) was an institution established in 1947 in Cairo with the objective of fostering rapprochement between the various Islamic schools of thought. The institution was co-founded by Mahmud Shaltut, the then-Grand Imam of al-Azhar University in Egypt, and Muhammad Taqi Qummi, the representative of Sayyid Husayn Tabataba'i Burujirdi, the prominent Shi'a Marja' of the era. A primary initiative of Dar al-Taqrib was the publication of the journal Risalat al-Islam; its inaugural issue appeared in 1949, and it ran for approximately 60 issues until 1972. Significant achievements of the institution included the introduction of comparative jurisprudence into the curriculum and laying the groundwork for the eventual establishment of the World Forum for Proximity of Islamic Schools of Thought in Iran. Dar al-Taqrib ceased operations in 1979.

Establishment

Dar al-Taqrib commenced its activities in 1947 in Cairo, founded by Mahmud Shaltut, the head of al-Azhar University, and Muhammad Taqi Qummi, the representative of Ayatollah Burujirdi.[1] Historical records do not indicate the existence of a formal charter for Dar al-Taqrib; documentation primarily cites Muhammad Muhammad al-Madani as the managing director and Mahmud Shaltut as the editor-in-chief of the Risalat al-Islam journal.[2]

According to Sayyid Hadi Khosrowshahi, a consortium of Shi'a and Sunni scholars provided scholarly, intellectual, and financial support to Dar al-Taqrib:

Activities

Risalat al-Islam Journal

According to historians, Dar al-Taqrib undertook numerous initiatives to foster unity among Muslims:

Publication of Risalat al-Islam

The journal Risalat al-Islam began publication in 1949, releasing four issues annually and totaling approximately 60 issues by 1972. The journal maintained an independent and neutral stance, providing a platform for Islamic scholars and thinkers to exchange views and accurately present Islam and its diverse schools of thought.[4]

Risalat al-Islam was a quarterly publication covering theological, Quranic, jurisprudential, and literary topics.[5]

Muhammad Wa'izzadih Khurasani maintains that following the death of Ayatollah Burujirdi, financial support for Dar al-Taqrib ceased, leading to the suspension of its activities and the discontinuation of the journal.[6]

Printing and Publishing Shi'a Hadiths and Jurisprudence

The institution published several works on Shi'a hadith and jurisprudence to familiarize the Sunni world with Shi'ism, including:

  • Al-Hajj 'ala al-madhahib: Scholars from the Imamiyya, Zaydiyya, Shafi'i, Maliki, Hanbali, and Hanafi schools collaborated on a treatise titled al-Hajj 'ala al-madhahib, concerning hajj rituals. Published by the Muslim Brotherhood through Dar al-Taqrib, the work demonstrated that the Shi'a school is an integral part of the Islamic tradition.[8]
  • Al-Mukhtasar al-nafi': The study of this book by al-Muhaqqiq al-Hilli demonstrated to Sunni scholars that there is minimal divergence between Shi'a jurisprudence and Sunni jurisprudence regarding legal principles.[9]
  • Tadhkirat al-fuqaha': Dar al-Taqrib published this work by al-'Allama al-Hilli to bridge the gap between the jurisprudential perspectives of Shi'as and Sunnis.[11]

Ashura Commemoration in Muharram

Although Ashura had historically been observed as a day of celebration in Egypt, following the establishment of Dar al-Taqrib, Mahmud Shaltut organized mourning ceremonies for Imam al-Husayn (a) at al-Azhar to facilitate proximity between the two schools.[12]

Holding Islamic Conferences

Dar al-Taqrib organized multiple conferences attended by scholars from various Islamic schools, including assemblies in Washington, England, Turkey, Thailand, and Sri Lanka.[13]

Approaches

While Dar al-Taqrib maintained political independence from any party, it adopted specific approaches regarding Muslim unity:

  • According to historians, a primary point of contention is the issue of the Caliphate and political leadership. Muhammad Wa'izzadih Khurasani states that Ayatollah Burujirdi regarded contemporary debate on this matter as futile and divisive, given that the caliphate is not currently extant.[14]
  • In 1960, amid rumors that the Shah of Iran had recognized Israel, Mahmud Shaltut requested Ayatollah Burujirdi's intervention. Following correspondence from the Ayatollah, the Shah clarified that the Iranian government had not granted recognition to the state of Israel.[15]
  • Dar al-Taqrib collaborated with international congresses, such as those held in Pakistan. At the suggestion of Sheikh Muhammad Shari'at, Dar al-Taqrib was tasked with managing the affairs of the al-Baqi' Cemetery, which resulted in the construction of a perimeter wall around the site.[16]

Achievements

The achievements of Dar al-Taqrib include:

Teaching Comparative Jurisprudence

A major accomplishment was the introduction of comparative jurisprudence (fiqh al-muqāran) at al-Azhar by Sheikh Muhammad Mustafa Maraghi, a practice that was unprecedented prior to the work of Dar al-Taqrib.[17] Comparative jurisprudence enables researchers to examine jurisprudential theories without sectarian bias and to select the most valid opinion based on evidentiary support.[18]

Formation of the World Forum for Proximity

Dar al-Taqrib laid the groundwork for the creation of subsequent proximity institutions, most notably the World Forum for Proximity of Islamic Schools of Thought. Muhammad Wa'izzadih Khurasani noted that, due to his long-standing association with Dar al-Taqrib, Sayyid 'Ali Khamenei commissioned him to establish the World Forum in 1990.[19]

Notes

  1. ↑ Ṭahūrī, Munādiyān-i taqrīb (Muḥammad Taqī Qummī), n.d., pp. 86–87.
  2. ↑ Risālat al-Islām Journal, Noormags.
  3. ↑ ʿAlīzādeh, Sharḥ-i ḥāl wa khulāṣa-yi faʿālīyat-hā-yi Dār al-Taqrīb-i Miṣr, 1379 Sh, p. 1; Khusrawshāhī, Mīzgard-i taqrīb bayn-i madhāhib-i Islāmī, 1381 Sh, p. 44.
  4. ↑ Bī-Āzār Shīrāzī, Islām āyīn-i hambastagī, 1378 Sh, pp. 31–32.
  5. ↑ Ādharshab, Milaf al-taqrīb, 1380 Sh.
  6. ↑ Wāʿiẓzādeh Khurāsānī, Zindagī-yi Āyatullāh Burūjirdī, 1379 Sh, p. 369.
  7. ↑ Muḥammadī Ray Shahrī, Ahl al-Bayt fī l-Kitāb wa l-Sunna, 1391 Sh, pp. 125–127.
  8. ↑ Muḥammadī Ray Shahrī, Ahl al-Bayt fī l-Kitāb wa l-Sunna, 1391 Sh, pp. 125–127.
  9. ↑ Muḥammadī Ray Shahrī, Ahl al-Bayt fī l-Kitāb wa l-Sunna, 1391 Sh, pp. 125–127.
  10. ↑ Muḥammadī Ray Shahrī, Ahl al-Bayt fī l-Kitāb wa l-Sunna, 1391 Sh, pp. 125–127.
  11. ↑ Muḥammadī Ray Shahrī, Ahl al-Bayt fī l-Kitāb wa l-Sunna, 1391 Sh, pp. 125–127.
  12. ↑ Muʿizz al-Dīn, Manshūr-i hambastagī, 1409 AH, p. 57.
  13. ↑ Payk-i Taqrīb, no. 77, p. 20; Payk-i Taqrīb, no. 61, p. 6.
  14. ↑ Wāʿiẓzādeh Khurāsānī, Zindagī-yi Āyatullāh Burūjirdī, 1379 Sh, pp. 366–373.
  15. ↑ Bī-Āzār Shīrāzī, Islām āyīn-i hambastagī, 1378 Sh, pp. 261–274.
  16. ↑ Isḥāqī, Nasīm-i hambastagī, 1386 Sh, p. 281.
  17. ↑ Ṭahūrī, Munādiyān-i taqrīb, n.d., p. 115.
  18. ↑ Bī-Āzār Shīrāzī, Islām āyīn-i hambastagī, 1378 Sh, p. 79.
  19. ↑ Wāʿiẓzādeh Khurāsānī, Zindagī-yi Āyatullāh Burūjirdī, 1379 Sh, p. 369.

References

  • Ādharshab, Muḥammad ʿAlī. Milaf al-taqrīb. Qom, World Forum for Proximity of Islamic Schools of Thought, 1380 Sh.
  • ʿAlīzādeh, Mīrzā. Sharḥ-i ḥāl wa khulāṣa-yi faʿālīyat-hā-yi Dār al-Taqrīb-i Miṣr. N.p., n.p., 1379 Sh.
  • Bī-Āzār Shīrāzī, ʿAbd al-Karīm. Islām āyīn-i hambastagī. Qom, Zakāt-i ʿIlm, 1378 Sh.
  • Isḥāqī, Sayyid Ḥusayn. Nasīm-i hambastagī. Qom, Islamic Research Center of IRIB, 1386 Sh.
  • Khusrawshāhī, Hādī. Mīzgard-i taqrīb bayn-i madhāhib-i Islāmī. Qom, Markaz-i Barrasī-hā-yi Islāmī, 1381 Sh.
  • Muʿizz al-Dīn, Muḥammad Saʿīd. Manshūr-i hambastagī. Qom, World Forum for Proximity of Islamic Schools of Thought, 1409 AH.
  • Muḥammadī Ray Shahrī, Muḥammad. Ahl al-Bayt fī l-Kitāb wa l-Sunna. Qom, Dār al-Ḥadīth, 1391 Sh.
  • Payk-i Taqrīb Journal, numbers 61 and 77.
  • Ṭahūrī, Muslim. Munādiyān-i taqrīb. N.p., n.p., n.d.
  • Wāʿiẓzādeh Khurāsānī, Muḥammad. Zindagī-yi Āyatullāh Burūjirdī. Qom, World Forum for Proximity of Islamic Schools of Thought, 1379 Sh.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikishia.net/w/index.php?title=Draft:Dar_al_tahrim_bayt_al_madhahib_al_islamiyya_image&oldid=204456"