Jump to content

Draft:Verse 45 of Sura al-Baqara

Add links
From wikishia
Verse 45 of Sura al-Baqara
Verse's Information
SuraSura al-Baqara (Qur'an 2)
Verse45
Juz'1
AboutSeeking help from patience and prayer
Related VersesQur'an 2:153


Qur'an 2:45 enjoins seeking assistance through patience and prayer.[1] This verse characterizes patience and prayer as a burdensome task, except for the humble (al-khāshiʿīn).[2] Exegetes have interpreted the term "sabr" (patience) in this verse as abstinence from haram acts, restraint regarding worldly status,[3] and, in general, steadfastness in resisting sins, fulfilling acts of obedience, and enduring calamities.[4] The term "Salat" (prayer) is understood to denote the five daily prayers and the invocation of sending blessings upon the Prophet and his family,[5] as well as presence of the heart, which facilitates the manifestation of Divine attributes.[6] "Al-Khashi'in" (the humble) is interpreted as believers[7] and those displaying humble submissiveness before God;[8] these are described in the subsequent verse (Qur'an 2:46) as those who "know that they will meet their Lord."[9]

Imam al-Sadiq (a):
"Whenever worldly sorrow befalls one of you, what prevents you from performing Wudu, repairing to your place of worship, offering two rak'as, and supplicating therein? Have you not heard that God says: 'Seek help through patience and prayer'?"[10]

Sayyid Mahmud Taleghani, a Shi'a scholar and exegete, observed that patience signifies neither surrender nor the mere suppression of wailing. Rather, patience represents the strength of the faithful will and its mastery over psychological agitation and passivity.[11] The Muslim mystic Ibn al-'Arabi defined patience as endurance in the face of unwelcome events; through such patience, one attains the station of divine satisfaction (riḍā).[12]

The term "kabira" (great/heavy) in the phrase "inna-ha la-kabira" (indeed it is difficult/heavy) is interpreted as denoting difficulty and burdensomeness.[13] The majority of exegetes identify the antecedent of the pronoun "ha" in "inna-ha la-kabira" as "salat" (prayer),[14] thereby interpreting the verse to signify that prayer is a weighty matter.[15] Others posit that the pronoun refers to "isti'ana" (the act of seeking help).[16] al-Shaykh al-Tusi has also suggested the possibility that the description of heaviness applies to both patience and prayer.[17]

According to al-Wahidi (d. 468/1075-6), while most scholars consider this verse to be addressed to the People of the Book, it encompasses all people in its implications for ethics and moral conduct.[18] A portion of Qur'an 2:45 is reiterated in Qur'an 2:153,[19] where believers are commanded: "Seek help through patience and prayer, indeed Allah is with the patient."[20]

Notes

  1. ↑ Ṭayyib, Aṭyab al-bayān, 1378 Sh, vol. 2, p. 19.
  2. ↑ Ṭayyib, Aṭyab al-bayān, 1378 Sh, vol. 2, p. 19.
  3. ↑ Baḥrānī, Al-Burhān, 1416 AH, vol. 1, p. 208.
  4. ↑ Fayḍ Kāshānī, Tafsīr al-ṣāfī, 1415 AH, vol. 1, p. 125.
  5. ↑ Fayḍ Kāshānī, Tafsīr al-ṣāfī, 1415 AH, vol. 1, p. 126.
  6. ↑ Ibn ʿArabī, Tafsīr Ibn ʿArabī, 1422 AH, vol. 1, p. 31.
  7. ↑ Ibn ʿĀshūr, Al-Taḥrīr wa l-tanwīr, vol. 1, p. 461.
  8. ↑ Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, 1372 Sh, vol. 1, p. 218.
  9. ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, 1374 Sh, vol. 1, p. 216.
  10. ↑ ʿAyyāshī, Tafsīr al-ʿAyyāshī, 1380 AH, vol. 1, p. 43.
  11. ↑ Ṭāliqānī, Partuwī az Qurʾān, 1362 Sh, vol. 1, pp. 145-146.
  12. ↑ Ibn ʿArabī, Tafsīr Ibn ʿArabī, 1422 AH, vol. 1, p. 31.
  13. ↑ Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, 1372 Sh, vol. 1, p. 218.
  14. ↑ Ṭūsī, Al-Tibyān, vol. 1, p. 203.
  15. ↑ Maḥallī & Suyūṭī, Tafsīr al-Jalālayn, 1416 AH, p. 10.
  16. ↑ Ṭabrisī, Tafsīr Jawāmiʿ al-jāmiʿ, 1377 Sh, vol. 1, p. 43.
  17. ↑ Ṭūsī, Al-Tibyān, vol. 1, p. 203.
  18. ↑ Wāḥidī, Asbāb nuzūl al-Qurʾān, 1411 AH, p. 27.
  19. ↑ Mughniyya, Tafsīr al-kāshif, 1424 AH, vol. 1, p. 94.
  20. ↑ Qur'an 2:153.

References

  • ʿAyyāshī, Muḥammad b. Masʿūd al-. Tafsīr al-ʿAyyāshī. Edited by Hāshim Rasūlī Maḥallātī. Tehran, Al-Maṭbaʿa al-ʿIlmiyya, 1st ed., 1380 AH.
  • Baḥrānī, Sayyid Hāshim al-. Al-Burhān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Tehran, Bunyād-i Biʿthat, 1st ed., 1416 AH.
  • Fayḍ Kāshānī, Mullā Muḥsin. Tafsīr al-ṣāfī. Edited by Ḥusayn Aʿlamī. Tehran, Intishārāt-i Al-Ṣadr, 2nd ed., 1415 AH.
  • Ibn ʿArabī, Muḥyī al-Dīn Muḥammad. Tafsīr Ibn ʿArabī. Edited by Samīr Muṣṭafā Rabāb. Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1st ed., 1422 AH.
  • Ibn ʿĀshūr, Muḥammad b. Ṭāhir. Al-Taḥrīr wa l-tanwīr. Beirut, Muʾassasat al-Tārīkh, 1st ed., n.d.
  • Maḥallī, Jalāl al-Dīn & Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī. Tafsīr al-Jalālayn. Beirut, Muʾassasat al-Nūr li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1st ed., 1416 AH.
  • Makārim Shīrāzī, Nāṣir. Tafsīr-i nimūna. Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1st ed., 1374 Sh.
  • Mughniyya, Muḥammad Jawād. Tafsīr al-kāshif. Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1st ed., 1424 AH.
  • Ṭabāṭabāʾī, Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Qom, Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 5th ed., 1417 AH.
  • Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Introduction by Muḥammad Jawād Balāghī. Tehran, Nāṣir Khusraw, 3rd ed., 1372 Sh.
  • Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Tafsīr Jawāmiʿ al-jāmiʿ. Tehran, Intishārāt-i Dānishgāh-i Tihrān/Mudīriyyat-i Ḥawza-yi ʿIlmiyya-yi Qum, 1st ed., 1377 Sh.
  • Ṭāliqānī, Sayyid Maḥmūd. Partuwī az Qurʾān. Tehran, Shirkat-i Sahāmī-yi Intishār, 4th ed., 1362 Sh.
  • Ṭayyib, Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn. Aṭyab al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Tehran, Intishārāt-i Islām, 2nd ed., 1378 Sh.
  • Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. Al-Tibyān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Introduction by Shaykh Āqā Buzurg Tihrānī. Edited by Aḥmad Qaṣīr ʿĀmilī. Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, n.d.
  • Wāḥidī, ʿAlī b. Aḥmad al-. Asbāb nuzūl al-Qurʾān. Edited by Kamāl Basyūnī. Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1411 AH.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikishia.net/w/index.php?title=Draft:Verse_45_of_Sura_al-Baqara&oldid=203461"