Jump to content

Draft:Verse 45 of Sura al-Baqara

Add links
From wikishia

Template:Infobox Verse Verse 45 of Sura al-Baqara (Arabic: آیه ۴۵ سوره بقره) commands seeking help from patience and prayer.[1] This verse considers patience and prayer to be a difficult matter except for the humble (al-khāshiʿīn).[2] The word "ṣabr" (patience) in the verse has been interpreted as patience against forbidden acts, patience regarding worldly positions,[3] and in general, patience against all sins, performing various acts of obedience, and enduring different calamities.[4] "Ṣalāt" (prayer) in the verse has been interpreted as the five daily prayers and sending blessings upon the Prophet and his family,[5] as well as presence of the heart, which causes the manifestation of God's attributes.[6] "Al-Khāshiʿīn" (the humble) has been interpreted as believers[7] and those who are humble before God,[8] whom the next verse (Verse 46 of Sura al-Baqara) describes as those who "know that they will meet their Lord."[9]

And seek help through patience and prayer, and indeed, it is difficult except for the humble.

— وَاسْتَعِينُوا بِالصَّبْرِ وَالصَّلَاةِ ۚ وَإِنَّهَا لَكَبِيرَةٌ إِلَّا عَلَى الْخَاشِعِينَ

Imam al-Sadiq (a):
"Whenever a worldly sorrow befalls one of you, what prevents you from performing Wudu, going to your place of prayer, praying two rak'as, and supplicating in it? Have you not heard that God says: 'Seek help through patience and prayer'."[10]

Sayyid Mahmud Taleghani, a Shi'a scholar and exegete, noted that patience does not mean surrendering and not wailing. Patience is the power of the will of faith and its dominance over psychological agitations and passivities.[11] Ibn al-Arabi, a Muslim mystic, considered patience to be regarding something we dislike happening to us, and through patience, we reach the station of divine satisfaction (riḍā).[12]

The word "kabīra" (great/heavy) in "inna-hā la-kabīra" (indeed it is difficult/heavy) has been interpreted as difficulty and heaviness.[13] Most exegetes refer the pronoun "hā" in "inna-hā la-kabīra" back to "ṣalāt" (prayer),[14] interpreting the verse to mean that prayer is a heavy matter.[15] Some have also considered the possibility that the pronoun refers back to "istiʿāna" (seeking help).[16] Al-Shaykh al-Tusi has also raised the possibility that both patience and prayer are heavy matters.[17]

According to al-Wahidi (d. 468/1075-6), most scholars consider this verse to be addressed to the People of the Book, yet from the perspective of ethics and etiquette, it encompasses all people.[18] Part of Verse 45 of Sura al-Baqara is repeated in Verse 153 of the same Sura,[19] where those who have believed are told: "Seek help through patience and prayer, indeed Allah is with the patient."[20]

Notes

  1. ↑ Ṭayyib, Aṭyab al-bayān, 1378 Sh, vol. 2, p. 19.
  2. ↑ Ṭayyib, Aṭyab al-bayān, 1378 Sh, vol. 2, p. 19.
  3. ↑ Baḥrānī, Al-Burhān, 1416 AH, vol. 1, p. 208.
  4. ↑ Fayḍ Kāshānī, Tafsīr al-ṣāfī, 1415 AH, vol. 1, p. 125.
  5. ↑ Fayḍ Kāshānī, Tafsīr al-ṣāfī, 1415 AH, vol. 1, p. 126.
  6. ↑ Ibn ʿArabī, Tafsīr Ibn ʿArabī, 1422 AH, vol. 1, p. 31.
  7. ↑ Ibn ʿĀshūr, Al-Taḥrīr wa l-tanwīr, vol. 1, p. 461.
  8. ↑ Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, 1372 Sh, vol. 1, p. 218.
  9. ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, 1374 Sh, vol. 1, p. 216.
  10. ↑ ʿAyyāshī, Tafsīr al-ʿAyyāshī, 1380 AH, vol. 1, p. 43.
  11. ↑ Ṭāliqānī, Partuwī az Qurʾān, 1362 Sh, vol. 1, pp. 145-146.
  12. ↑ Ibn ʿArabī, Tafsīr Ibn ʿArabī, 1422 AH, vol. 1, p. 31.
  13. ↑ Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, 1372 Sh, vol. 1, p. 218.
  14. ↑ Ṭūsī, Al-Tibyān, vol. 1, p. 203.
  15. ↑ Maḥallī & Suyūṭī, Tafsīr al-Jalālayn, 1416 AH, p. 10.
  16. ↑ Ṭabrisī, Tafsīr Jawāmiʿ al-jāmiʿ, 1377 Sh, vol. 1, p. 43.
  17. ↑ Ṭūsī, Al-Tibyān, vol. 1, p. 203.
  18. ↑ Wāḥidī, Asbāb nuzūl al-Qurʾān, 1411 AH, p. 27.
  19. ↑ Mughniyya, Tafsīr al-kāshif, 1424 AH, vol. 1, p. 94.
  20. ↑ Qur'an 2:153.

References

  • ʿAyyāshī, Muḥammad b. Masʿūd al-. Tafsīr al-ʿAyyāshī. Edited by Hāshim Rasūlī Maḥallātī. Tehran, Al-Maṭbaʿa al-ʿIlmiyya, 1st ed., 1380 AH.
  • Baḥrānī, Sayyid Hāshim al-. Al-Burhān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Tehran, Bunyād-i Biʿthat, 1st ed., 1416 AH.
  • Fayḍ Kāshānī, Mullā Muḥsin. Tafsīr al-ṣāfī. Edited by Ḥusayn Aʿlamī. Tehran, Intishārāt-i Al-Ṣadr, 2nd ed., 1415 AH.
  • Ibn ʿArabī, Muḥyī al-Dīn Muḥammad. Tafsīr Ibn ʿArabī. Edited by Samīr Muṣṭafā Rabāb. Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1st ed., 1422 AH.
  • Ibn ʿĀshūr, Muḥammad b. Ṭāhir. Al-Taḥrīr wa l-tanwīr. Beirut, Muʾassasat al-Tārīkh, 1st ed., n.d.
  • Maḥallī, Jalāl al-Dīn & Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī. Tafsīr al-Jalālayn. Beirut, Muʾassasat al-Nūr li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1st ed., 1416 AH.
  • Makārim Shīrāzī, Nāṣir. Tafsīr-i nimūna. Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1st ed., 1374 Sh.
  • Mughniyya, Muḥammad Jawād. Tafsīr al-kāshif. Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1st ed., 1424 AH.
  • Ṭabāṭabāʾī, Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Qom, Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 5th ed., 1417 AH.
  • Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Introduction by Muḥammad Jawād Balāghī. Tehran, Nāṣir Khusraw, 3rd ed., 1372 Sh.
  • Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Tafsīr Jawāmiʿ al-jāmiʿ. Tehran, Intishārāt-i Dānishgāh-i Tihrān/Mudīriyyat-i Ḥawza-yi ʿIlmiyya-yi Qum, 1st ed., 1377 Sh.
  • Ṭāliqānī, Sayyid Maḥmūd. Partuwī az Qurʾān. Tehran, Shirkat-i Sahāmī-yi Intishār, 4th ed., 1362 Sh.
  • Ṭayyib, Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn. Aṭyab al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Tehran, Intishārāt-i Islām, 2nd ed., 1378 Sh.
  • Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. Al-Tibyān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Introduction by Shaykh Āqā Buzurg Tihrānī. Edited by Aḥmad Qaṣīr ʿĀmilī. Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, n.d.
  • Wāḥidī, ʿAlī b. Aḥmad al-. Asbāb nuzūl al-Qurʾān. Edited by Kamāl Basyūnī. Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1411 AH.

Template:Verses of Sura al-Baqara Template:Ethical Verses

Retrieved from "https://en.wikishia.net/w/index.php?title=Draft:Verse_45_of_Sura_al-Baqara&oldid=202634"