Qur'an 4:176
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| Verse's Information | |
|---|---|
| Sura | Sura al-Nisa' (Qur'an 4) |
| Verse | 176 |
| Juz' | 6 |
| Topic | Jurisprudence |
| About | Kalalah inheritance |
| Related Verses | Qur'an 4:12 |
Qur'an 4:176 is the last verse of Qur'an 4[1] which concerns the inheritance of kalala.[2] Kalala refers to a deceased person who has neither parents nor children who can inherit from him or her.[3]
This verse explains the inheritance of brothers and sisters who are related through both parents or through the father only.[4] At the end of the verse, it mentions that the share of men is twice that of women,[5] a rule found in other verses as well.[6]
| “ | يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِي الْكَلَالَةِ ۚ إِنِ امْرُؤٌ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَلَهُ أُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ ۚ وَهُوَ يَرِثُهَا إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا وَلَدٌ ۚ فَإِنْ كَانَتَا اثْنَتَيْنِ فَلَهُمَا الثُّلُثَانِ مِمَّا تَرَكَ ۚ وَإِنْ كَانُوا إِخْوَةً رِجَالًا وَنِسَاءً فَلِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ ۗ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَضِلُّوا ۗ وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ
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” |
| — Qur'an 4:176 | ||
According to this verse, if the deceased has only one sister, she receives half of the estate.[7] If there are two sisters, each receives one-third of the estate.[8] Also, if a woman dies without any heir other than one brother, her entire estate goes to him.[9] If the deceased has several brothers and sisters (more than two), the entire inheritance is divided among them, and each brother receives twice the share of each sister.[10]
According to a report in Majma' al-bayan, this verse was revealed in response to a question asked by Jabir b. Abd Allah al-Ansari from Prophet Muhammad (s) regarding the inheritance of his sister.[11] Qur'an 4:12 also deals with the inheritance of kalala specifically in cases involving maternal siblings.[12]
Notes
- ↑ Ṭūsī, al-Tibyān, vol. 3, p. 407.
- ↑ Ṭabarī, Jāmiʿ al-bayān, vol. 6, p. 28.
- ↑ Muqaddas Ardabīlī, Zubdat al-bayān, p. 653.
- ↑ Mughniyya, al-Tafsīr al-kāshif, vol. 2, p. 507.
- ↑ Ṭayyib, Aṭyab al-bayān, vol. 4, p. 285.
- ↑ Qur'an 4:11.
- ↑ Faḍl Allāh, Min waḥy al-Qurʾān, vol. 7, p. 563.
- ↑ Mudarrisī, Min hudā l-Qurʾān, vol. 2, p. 272.
- ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, vol. 4, p. 238.
- ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, vol. 4, p. 238.
- ↑ Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, vol. 3, p. 229.
- ↑ Ṭayyib, Aṭyab al-bayān, vol. 4, p. 284.
References
- Faḍl Allāh, Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Tafsīr min waḥy al-Qurʾān. Beirut, Dār al-Malāk, 2nd ed, 1419 AH.
- Makārim Shīrāzī, Nāṣir. Tafsīr-i nimūna. Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1st ed, 1374 Sh.
- Mudarrisī, Sayyid Muḥammad Taqī. Min hudā l-Qurʾān. Tehran, Dār Muḥibbī al-Ḥusayn, 1st ed, 1419 AH.
- Mughniyya, Muḥammad Jawād. al-Tafsīr al-kāshif. Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1st ed, 1424 AH.
- Muqaddas Ardabīlī, Aḥmad b. Muḥammad... al-. Zubdat al-bayān fī aḥkām al-Qurʾān. Tehran, Kitābfurūshī-yi Murtaḍawī, 1st ed, n.d.
- Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr... al-. Jāmiʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Beirut, Dār al-Maʿrifa, 1st ed, 1412 AH.
- Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. Ḥasan... al-. Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Introduction by Muḥammad Jawād Balāghī. Tehran, Nāṣir Khusraw, 3rd ed, 1372 Sh.
- Ṭayyib, Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn. Aṭyab al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Tehran, Intishārāt-i Islām, 2nd ed, 1378 Sh.
- Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan... al-. al-Tibyān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Introduction by Āghā Buzurg Tihrānī; Edited by Aḥmad Qaṣīr ʿĀmilī. Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, n.d.