Sura al-Hujurat: Difference between revisions

The word "al-hujurat" is mentioned in verse four of this sura. "Al-hujurat" is the plural form of "al-hujra" meaning "room" and refers to different rooms beside the [[mosque of the Prophet (s)]] for his [[wives of the Prophet (s)|wives]].

Sura al-Hujurat is a [[Madani sura]] and was the 107th sura [[revealed]] to the Prophet (s). In the current order of completion, This is forty ninth sura of the [[Qur'an]], located in juz' twenty six.

According to ''[[Tafsir al-Mizan]]'', this sura contains moral instructions, such as the manners of communication with [[God]], manners which should be observed in contact with the [[Prophet (s)]] and the manners regarding the relations between people in the society. This sura also speaks about the criterion for the superiority of people over each other and finally mentions the truth of [[faith]] and [[Islam]]. This sura orders Muslims not to pay attention to gossips and avoid [[backbiting]], foul language, finding people's faults and relying on conjectures and orders them to establish peace and reconcile between Muslims.

Most [[exegete]]s considered the event about [[Walid b. 'Aqaba]] as the [[occasion of revelation]] of this verse when the [[Prophet (s)]] sent him to [[Banu l-Mustaliq]] tribe for collecting [[zakat]]. According to ''[[Tafsir al-Mizan]]'', the people of this tribe decided to go to the Prophet (s) and give [[zakat]], but the Prophet (s) had sent Walid to collect their zakat. In the middle of the way, Walid feared them and returned and lied to the Prophet (s) that they refrained to give zakat and wanted to kill him. Therefore, the Prophet (s) prepared an army to fight with them, but when the two groups met each other, it was known that Walid had lied. So, the above verse was [[revealed]].

In the [[principles of jurisprudence]], the verse Naba' is extensively discussed about. Scholars of this science have considered this verse referring to the authenticity of the [[al-khabar al-wahid]].

According to this [[verse]], [[believer]]s are brothers to each other and in case of occurring fight between them, other Muslims are responsible to reconcile between them. When this verse was revealed, the Prophet (s) established the brotherhood covenant among Muslims; like between [[Abu Bakr]] and [[Umar]], [[Uthman]] and [[Abd al-Rahman b. 'Awf]] and between other companions, based on their positions. He (s) then chose [[Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]] as his brother and told Ali (a), "you are my brother and I am your brother."

In this verse, three moral issues are mentioned: avoiding suspicious, snooping and backbiting. According to ''[[Tafsir-i nimuna]]'', these three moral issues are related to each other; suspicion provides the ground for snooping and snooping in others' affairs provides the ground for [[backbiting]] them and revealing private issues in their lives. In ''[[Tafsir al-Mizan]]'', it is mentioned that backbiting eats the limbs of the body of the society and rots it. To prove the prohibition of backbiting a believer brother, [[jurists]] have referred to this verse.

This verse has been focused both in moral writings and in [[theology|theological]] discussions to reject racial superiority of humans over each other. According to ''Tafsir-i nimuna'', the verse says that all humans are from one origin and should not boast to each other about their lineages and tribes. This verse introduces [[God-wariness]] as the only true criterion of the superiority of humans before [[God]].

This verse has also been referred to by the intellectual and political movement of "Shu'ubiyya". Shu'ubiyya was a group of Iranians who referred to the above verse and believed that no tribe is superior to another and opposed the racist policies of [[Umayyads]].

In ''[[Tafsir Majma' al-Bayan]]'', it is transmitted from the [[Prophet (s)]] that if a person [[Tilawa|recite]]s Sura al-Hujurat, God will give him ten [[reward]]s per everyone who obeys Him and everyone who disobeys Him. Also, in [[al-Shaykh al-Saduq]]'s ''[[Thawab al-a'mal]]'', it is transmitted that whoever recites Sura al-hujurat every day or every night, will be among the visitors of the Prophet (s).{{full text}}

* The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[[:fa:سوره حجرات|سوره حجرات]]}} in Farsi Wikishia.

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