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According to their peace treaty Jews were supposed to give half of their gardens and fields of Fadak to [[Prophet (s)]] in exchange for permission to continue their life in Fadak. It also guaranteed safety and security for the rest of their properties and lands.
According to their peace treaty Jews were supposed to give half of their gardens and fields of Fadak to [[Prophet (s)]] in exchange for permission to continue their life in Fadak. It also guaranteed safety and security for the rest of their properties and lands.
===Possession of Fadak by the Holy Prophet (s)===
As Muslims did not attend the conquest of Fadak, according to the order of [[Qur'an|the Holy Quran]], Fadak was owned specifically by Prophet Muhammad (s). As dictated in the Quran, the properties achieved for Muslims, in which they did not fight for, are owned only by Prophet (s). Such properties are called [[Fay']] which belong to Prophet Muhammad (s) and he can transfer the ownership or control of such properties to whomever he decides.


===A Gift for Lady Fatima (a)===
===A Gift for Lady Fatima (a)===
As Muslims did not attend the conquest of Fadak, according to the order of [[Qur'an|the Holy Quran]], Fadak was owned specifically by Prophet Muhammad (s). As dictated in the Quran, the properties achieved for Muslims, in which they did not fight for, are owned only by Prophet (s). As stated in the Quran, the ruling says, "What Allah has bestowed upon His Prophet, and take away, from them for this ye made no expedition with either cavalry nor camel; but Allah gives power to His Prophets over any He pleases: and Allah has power over all things." Such properties are called [[Fay']] which belong to Prophet Muhammad (s).
The Holy Prophet (s) would give away the income achieved from Fadak to [[Banu Hashim]], the poor, and travelers in need of support. Subsequently, he (s) gave Fadak to Lady Fatima (a).
 
The income achieved from Fadak was the source of financial support for [[Banu Hashim]], the poor, and travelers in need of support. According to narrations, Prophet Muhammad (s) gave Fadak to Lady Fatima (a) after some time.
 
Several [[Hadith]] scholars such as [[Al-Shaykh al-Tusi]], [[Al-Fadl b. al-Hasan al-Tabrisi|al-Tabrisi]], Huskani and [[al-Suyuti]] have interpreted the verse, "And render to the kindred their due rights as (also) to those in want and to the wayfarer: but squander not (your wealth) in the manner of a spendthrift" (Sura [[Al-Isra']], 26). They believed following the [[revelation]] of this verse, Prophet Muhammad (s) gave Fadak to Lady Fatima (a) as a gift.
 
However according to a hadith from [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] in the book ''[[Al-Kafi (book)|al-Kafi]]'' , Fadak is regarded as [[Anfal]] (The spoils of war), not Fay'. As Prophet Muhammad (s) and [['Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]] were the only ones who attended the conquest of Fadak, the Prophet (s) was allowed to give Fadak to his daughter, Lady Fatima (a), as a gift.


==After the Demise of Prophet Muhammad (s)==
Some Shiite and Sunni exegetes believe that following the [[revelation]] of this verse, Prophet Muhammad (s) gave Fadak to Lady Fatima (a) as a gift.


===Confiscation of Fadak===
==Confiscation of Fadak in the Time of Three Caliphs==
{{Main|Confiscation of Fadak}}
After the event of [[Saqifa]], Abu Bakr took over the caliphate and seized Fadak as if it was state property. Then [[Lady Fatima (a)]] reacted to this event, and they had a discussion about Fadak which is narrated in historical sources in different fashion. As it is narrated, Lady Fatima (a) claimed Fadak was her rightful property, as it was a gift given by her father Prophet Muhammad (s). [[Abu Bakr]] said, "I have heard Prophet Muhammad (s) saying that, we, prophets, do not leave any inheritance behind and what is left is charity." Then Lady Fatima (a) responded, "Fadak was given to me as a gift by my father, Prophet (s)." So Abu Bakr asked her to prove it. According to several narrations, 'Ali b. Abi Talib (a) and Umm Ayman approved Lady Fatima (a) was right. As a result Abu Bakr accepted their claim and documented Fadak as property of Lady Fatima (a). However, it is said after [['Umar b. Khattab]] found out about the document, he tore it to pieces.
After the event of [[Saqifa]], Abu Bakr took over the caliphate and seized Fadak as if it was state property. Then [[Lady Fatima (a)]] reacted to this event, and they had a discussion about Fadak which is narrated in historical sources in different fashion. As it is narrated, Lady Fatima (a) claimed Fadak was her rightful property, as it was a gift given by her father Prophet Muhammad (s). [[Abu Bakr]] said, "I have heard Prophet Muhammad (s) saying that, we, prophets, do not leave any inheritance behind and what is left is charity." Then Lady Fatima (a) responded, "Fadak was given to me as a gift by my father, Prophet (s)." So Abu Bakr asked her to prove it. According to several narrations, 'Ali b. Abi Talib (a) and Umm Ayman approved Lady Fatima (a) was right. As a result Abu Bakr accepted their claim and documented Fadak as property of Lady Fatima (a). However, it is said after [['Umar b. Khattab]] found out about the document, he tore it to pieces.


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