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Mulla Muhsin Fayd Kashani: Difference between revisions
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==Requests of Safavid Kings== | ==Requests of Safavid Kings== | ||
Although [[Shah Safi]]—the [[Safavid]] | Although [[Shah Safi]] —the [[Safavid]] king— asked him to his palace, al-Fayd refused the invitation. After that, [[Shah Abbas II]] asked al-Fayd to hold [[Friday Prayer]] in the capital city of Iran then (Isfahan). Al-Fayd personally preferred to keep his privacy, but after consultations with his friends and companions, he accepted the request. | ||
==Teachers== | ==Teachers== | ||
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* [[Mir Findiriski]] | * [[Mir Findiriski]] | ||
* [[Mulla Sadra]] | * [[Mulla Sadra]] | ||
* [[Sayyid Majid al-Bahrani]] whom Fayd studied | * [[Sayyid Majid al-Bahrani]] with whom al-Fayd studied in Shiraz for two years | ||
* [[Muhammad b. Hasan b. Zayn al-Din al-'Amili]], [[al-Shahid al-Thani]]'s grandson; Fayd received a permission of narrating hadiths from him in his travel to [[Mecca]]. | * [[Muhammad b. Hasan b. Zayn al-Din al-'Amili]], [[al-Shahid al-Thani]]'s grandson; al-Fayd received a permission of narrating hadiths from him in his travel to [[Mecca]]. | ||
{{end}} | {{end}} | ||
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{{col-begin|2}} | {{col-begin|2}} | ||
* [['Alam al-Huda Muhammad b. Muhsin]] (his son) | * [['Alam al-Huda Muhammad b. Muhsin]] (his son) | ||
* Ahmad, known as Mu'in al-Din; his son | |||
* | * Muhammad Mu'min b. 'Abd al-Ghafur; his brother | ||
* Shah Murtada Jr., his nephew | |||
* Muhammad Mu'min b. 'Abd al-Ghafur; | * Diya' al-Din Muhammad, son of Hakim Nur al-Din, al-Fayd's uncle | ||
* Mulla Shah Fadl Allah; his nephew | |||
* Shah Murtada Jr., | * Mulla 'Allami; his nephew | ||
* Diya' al-Din Muhammad, son of Hakim Nur al-Din, Fayd's uncle | |||
* Mulla Shah Fadl Allah; | |||
* Mulla 'Allami; | |||
* [['Allama Muhammad Baqir al-Majlisi]] | * [['Allama Muhammad Baqir al-Majlisi]] | ||
* [[Sayyid Ni'mat Allah al-Jaza'iri]] | * [[Sayyid Ni'mat Allah al-Jaza'iri]] | ||
* [[Qadi Sa'id al-Qummi]] | * [[Qadi Sa'id al-Qummi]] | ||
* [[Mulla Muhammad Sadiq al-Khidri]] | * [[Mulla Muhammad Sadiq al-Khidri]] | ||
* [[Shams al-Din Muhammad al-Qummi]] | * [[Shams al-Din Muhammad al-Qummi]] | ||
* [[Shaykh Muhammad Muhsin al-'Irfan al-Shirazi]] | * [[Shaykh Muhammad Muhsin al-'Irfan al-Shirazi]] | ||
{{end}} | {{end}} | ||
==Works== | ==Works== | ||
Fayd was a prolific author. In his catalogue, he mentioned 100 works of his own. Sayyid Ni'mat Allah al-Jaza'iri said that Fayd wrote about 200 books and essays. Other sources report up to 140 works by Fayd. Here are some of his work: | [[File:آثار فیض.jpg|thumbnail|'Allama Fayd al-Kashani's collection of works published by [[Noor Computer Research Center of Islamic Sciences]]]] | ||
Al-Fayd was a prolific author. In his catalogue, he mentioned 100 works of his own. Sayyid Ni'mat Allah al-Jaza'iri said that Fayd wrote about 200 books and essays. Other sources report up to 140 works by Fayd. Here are some of his work: | |||
{{col-begin|3}} | {{col-begin|3}} | ||
* ''[[Tafsir al- | * ''[[Tafsir al-safi]]'' (Quranic exegesis) | ||
* ''[[Tafsir al-asfa]]'' (Quranic exegesis) | |||
* ''[[Tafsir al- | |||
* ''[[Al-Wafi]]'' (a collection of hadiths) | * ''[[Al-Wafi]]'' (a collection of hadiths) | ||
* ''Al-Shafi'' | * ''Al-Shafi'' | ||
* ''Al-Nawadir'' | * ''Al-Nawadir'' | ||
* '''Ilm al-yaqin'' | |||
* '''Ilm al- | |||
* ''Mu'tasam al-Shi'a fi ahkam al-shari'a'' | * ''Mu'tasam al-Shi'a fi ahkam al-shari'a'' | ||
* ''Al-Mahajjat al-bayda' fi tahdhib al-ihya''' | |||
* ''Al-Mahajjat al-bayda' fi tahdhib al-ihya' | * ''Mafatih al-shara'i''' | ||
* ''Mafatih al-shara'i' | |||
* ''Usul al-ma'arif'' | * ''Usul al-ma'arif'' | ||
* ''Al-Haqa'iq'' | * ''Al-Haqa'iq'' | ||
* ''Qurrat al-'uyun'' | * ''Qurrat al-'uyun'' | ||
* ''Al-Kalimat al-maknuna'' | * ''Al-Kalimat al-maknuna'' | ||
* ''Al-Kalimat al-makhzuna'' | * ''Al-Kalimat al-makhzuna'' | ||
* ''Al-La'i'' | * ''Al-La'i'' | ||
* ''Jala' al-'uyun'' | * ''Jala' al-'uyun'' | ||
* ''Tashrih al-'alam'' | * ''Tashrih al-'alam'' | ||
* ''Bisharat al-Shi'a'' | * ''Bisharat al-Shi'a'' | ||
* ''Al-Arba'in fi manaqib Amir al-M'minin'' | * ''Al-Arba'in fi manaqib Amir al-M'minin'' | ||
* ''Al-Usul al-asliyya'' | * ''Al-Usul al-asliyya'' | ||
* ''Tashil al-sabil'' | * ''Tashil al-sabil'' | ||
* ''Naqd al-usul al-fiqhiyya'' | * ''Naqd al-usul al-fiqhiyya'' | ||
* ''Al-Nukhba'' | * ''Al-Nukhba'' | ||
* ''Al-Shahab al-thaqib'' | * ''Al-Shahab al-thaqib'' | ||
* ''Usul al-'aqa'id'' | * ''Usul al-'aqa'id'' | ||
* ''Minhaj al-nijat'' | * ''Minhaj al-nijat'' | ||
* ''Khulasat al-adhkar'' | * ''Khulasat al-adhkar'' | ||
* ''Diwan'' (his Persian poems) | * ''Diwan'' (his Persian poems) | ||
* ''Risala sharh al-Sadr'' | * ''Risala sharh al-Sadr'' | ||
* ... | * ... | ||
{{end}} | {{end}} | ||
[[Noor Computer Research Center of Islamic Sciences]] in [[Qom]] has published an electronic version of Fayd's | |||
[[Noor Computer Research Center of Islamic Sciences]] in [[Qom]] has published an electronic version of Fayd's works as 'Allama Fayd al-Kashani's collection of works. | |||
==Particular Views== | ==Particular Views== | ||
[[Muhammad Baqir Khwansari|Khwansari]] as well as [[Shaykh Yusuf al-Bahrani]] considered Mulla Muhsin as an [[Akhbari]] scholar. Fayd's writings reinforce the claim. However, on many issues he had independent views; here are some of his particular views: | [[Muhammad Baqir Khwansari|Khwansari]] as well as [[Shaykh Yusuf al-Bahrani]] considered Mulla Muhsin as an [[Akhbari]] scholar. Al-Fayd's writings reinforce the claim. However, on many issues he had independent views; here are some of his particular views: | ||
* Permissibility of [[ghina']] and playing music: Fayd appeals to some hadiths to show that ghina' is only prohibited when it is accompanied by some prohibited actions, such as gambling, relations between men and women, and wrong words. Otherwise, it is not prohibited in itself. | * Permissibility of [[ghina']] and playing music: Al-Fayd appeals to some hadiths to show that ghina' is only prohibited when it is accompanied by some prohibited actions, such as gambling, relations between men and women, listening men the singing of women, and containing wrong words. Otherwise, it is not prohibited in itself. | ||
* A religiously [[najis]] thing does not make other things najis. | * A religiously [[najis]] thing does not make other things najis. | ||
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* Every [[ghusl]] (ritual bath) is sufficient for [[wudu]]. | * Every [[ghusl]] (ritual bath) is sufficient for [[wudu]]. | ||
* [[Friday Prayer]] is an individual obligation (al-wajib al-'ayni) for every Muslim. Fayd held Friday Prayer in [[Kashan]] and [[Qamsar]]. He did not accept [[Shah Safi]]'s request to hold Friday Prayer in [[Isfahan]], but he accepted [[Shah Abbas II]]'s request to hold such prayers in the Atiq Mosque of Isfahan. | * [[Friday Prayer]] is an individual obligation (al-wajib al-'ayni) for every Muslim. Al-Fayd held Friday Prayer in [[Kashan]] and [[Qamsar]]. He did not accept [[Shah Safi]]'s request to hold Friday Prayer in [[Isfahan]], but he accepted [[Shah Abbas II]]'s request to hold such prayers in the [['Atiq Mosque (Isfahan)|'Atiq Mosque]] of Isfahan. | ||
==Further Reading== | ==Further Reading== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
* The material for this article has been mainly taken from [http://fa.wikishia.net/view/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86_%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B6_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C محمد محسن فیض کاشانی] in Farsi WikiShia. | * The material for this article has been mainly taken from [http://fa.wikishia.net/view/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86_%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B6_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C {{ia|محمد محسن فیض کاشانی}}] in Farsi WikiShia. | ||
{{Faqihs}} | {{Faqihs}} | ||