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-'''Janaba''' is a [[Fiqh|jurisprudential]] term meaning a state of a person in which, according to Islamic jurisprudence, performing some acts of worships such as [[salat]], [[fasting]], [[Hajj]] and entering [[mosque]] is prohibited. Janaba is a result of discharging semen or sexual intercourse that involves penetration. The person who is in this state is called "Junub." By performing [[ghusl]] al-Janaba one comes out of this state. There are disagreements among [[faqih]]s about Janaba in women without sexual intercourse.
+'''Janaba''' {{Arabic: {{ia|جَنابَة}}) is a [[Fiqh|jurisprudential]] term meaning a state of a person in which, according to Islamic jurisprudence, performing some acts of worships such as [[prayer]], [[fasting]], [[hajj]], and entering [[mosque]] is [[forbidden|prohibited]]. Janaba is a result of discharging semen or sexual intercourse that involves penetration. The person who is in this state is called "junub" (Arabic: {{ia|جُنُب}}).
+By performing [[ghusl al-janaba]] one comes out of this state.
 ==Terminology==
-Lexically, Janaba means to get away. In jurisprudential terminology, it is a state which causes a person to get away from the rulings of clean (tahir) people.  The person who is in this state is called "Junub." In jurisprudential sources this topic is discussed in various chapters such as Tahara (purification), Salat (prayer) and Sawm (fast).
+Lexically, Janaba means to get away. In jurisprudential terminology, it is a state which causes a person to get away from the rulings of clean ([[tahir]]) people. The person who is in this state is called "junub." In jurisprudential sources this topic is discussed in various chapters such as [[tahara]] (purification), [[salat]] (prayer) and [[sawm]] (fast).
-Some rulings about Janaba are mentioned in the Qur’an (4:43 - 5:6). There are about 400 hadiths presenting detailed rulings about Janaba.
-In hadiths, it is also defined as spiritual impurity. Therefore, it is narrated in hadiths that Junub should not be present at Muhtadar’s (one who is dying) bed or people should not perform Salat in a room in which there is a Junub, or a Junub should not sleep in this state as during the sleep the soul is presented before God with this spiritual impurity. This impurity is removed by performing Ghusl al-Janaba.
+Some rulings about janaba are mentioned in the Qur'an (4:43 - 5:6).
+There are about 400 hadiths presenting detailed rulings about janaba. In hadiths, it is also defined as spiritual impurity. Therefore, it is narrated in hadiths that junub should not be present at [[muhtadar]]'s (one who is dying) bed or people should not perform salat in a room in which there is a junub, or a junub should not sleep in this state as during the sleep the soul is presented before God with this spiritual impurity. This impurity is removed by performing ghusl al-janaba.
 ==Causes==
-Two acts cause Janaba: ejaculation and penetration.
+Two acts cause janaba: ejaculation and penetration.
-===1- Ejaculation===
+===Ejaculation===
-Ejaculation causes Janaba whether it is accompanied by lust, force and weakness of the body or not, from man or woman, asleep or awake. Needless to say, the movement of semen inside the body without emission does not cause Janaba.
+Ejaculation causes janaba whether it is accompanied by lust, force, and weakness of the body or not, from man or woman, asleep or awake. Needless to say, the movement of semen inside the body without emission does not cause Janaba.
 ====Ejaculation while Sleeping (Ihtilam)====
-Seminal discharge during sleep is called Ihtilam. This seldom occurs for women. Whether Ihtilam is accompanied by an erotic dream or not, if one finds wetness on one’s clothes after waking up and is certain that it is semen, one is Junub.
+Seminal discharge during sleep is called [[ihtilam]]. This seldom occurs for women. Whether ihtilam is accompanied by an erotic dream or not, if one finds wetness on one's clothes after waking up and is certain that it is semen, one is junub.
-If a man cannot ascertain whether his emission (during sleep or while awake) is semen or not, it is treated as semen provided it is accompanied by slut, force and weakness of the body. However, there is disagreement among Faqihs whether the ruling is subject to all three aforementioned signs or some of them will suffice.  In the sick, the two signs of slut and weakness of the body is sufficient for the ruling.
-It is noteworthy, that there is disagreement among Faqihs about women discharge with slut.
-===2- Penetration===
+If a man cannot ascertain whether his emission (during sleep or while awake) is semen or not, it is treated as semen provided it is accompanied by lust, force, and weakness of the body. However, there is disagreement among faqihs whether the ruling is subject to all three aforementioned signs or some of them will suffice. In the sick, the two signs of lust and weakness of the body is sufficient for the ruling.
-If a male organ penetrates the female organ up to the circumcision point (glans) both of them enter the state of Janaba, whether they are adults (Baligh) or not, sane or not, asleep or awake. Most Faqihs issue that anal penetration (man or woman) also cause Janaba.
+It is noteworthy, that there is disagreement among faqihs about women discharge with lust.
+===Penetration===
+If a male organ penetrates the female organ up to the circumcision point (glans) both of them enter the state of janaba, whether they are adults (baligh) or not, sane or not, asleep or awake. Most faqihs issue that anal penetration (man or woman) also cause janaba.
-==Ghusl of Janaba==
+==Ghusl al-Janaba==
-It is recommended (Mustahab) for Junub to perform Ghusl al-Janaba as soon as possible, so that the spiritual impurity is removed. However, this Ghusl becomes Wajib (compulsory) for performing religious acts that are subject to Tahara (purification), such as: Salat, Tawaf, Sawm in the month of Ramadan. Ghusl al-Janaba is invalid for one who is not in the state of Janaba. The method, rulings and conditions of Ghusl al-Janaba is similar to other compulsory and recommended Ghusl except that Ghusl of Janaba will suffice for Wudu unless one does something that invalidates Wudu.
+It is recommended ([[mustahab]]) for junub to perform ghusl al-janaba as soon as possible, so that the spiritual impurity is removed. However, this ghusl becomes [[wajib]] (compulsory) for performing religious acts that are subject to tahara (purification), such as: salat, tawaf, sawm in the month of Ramadan. Ghusl al-janaba is invalid for one who is not in the state of janaba. The method, rulings and conditions of ghusl al-janaba is similar to other compulsory and recommended ghusl except that ghusl al-janaba will suffice for [[wudu]] unless one does something that invalidates wudu.
-==Acts that Are Haram (prohibited) for Junub==
+==Acts that Are Haram (Prohibited) for Junub==
-- Reciting Suras (chapters of the Qur’an) which contains compulsory prostration (al-Sajdat al-Wajiba): However, there is disagreement whether the prohibition appertains to reciting the verse of compulsory prostration (32:15 - 41:38 - 53:62 - 96:19) or to the whole Sura.
+* Reciting suras which contains compulsory prostration (al-sajda al-wajiba): However, there is disagreement whether the prohibition appertains to reciting the verse of compulsory prostration (Qur'an 32:15 - 41:38 - 53:62 - 96:19) or to the whole sura.
-- Touching the script of the Qur’an and the name of God (in any language): and according to most Faqihs touching the name of prophet Muhammad (s) and his Household (a).
+* Touching the script of the Qur'an and the name of God (in any language): and according to most faqihs touching the name of the Prophet [[Muhammad (s)]] and [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)|his Household (a)]].
-- Staying or putting something in Masjid: however, taking something from Masjid or entering from one door and exiting from another is permissible for Junub. Some Faqihs added the shrines of the infallible Imams (a) to this ruling. Nevertheless, entering Masjid al-Haram and Masjid al-Nabi are absolutely Haram (prohibited) even for traversing or taking something from them.
+* Staying or putting something in [[masjid]]: however, taking something from masjid or entering from one door and exiting from another is permissible for junub. Some faqihs added the shrines of the infallible Imams (a) to this ruling. Nevertheless, entering [[al-Masjid al-Haram]] and [[Masjid al-Nabi]] are absolutely haram ([[prohibited]]) even for traversing or taking something from them.
-==Acts that Are Makruh (disliked) for Junub==
-- Eating or Drinking: unless Junub makes Wudu or do Madmada (rinsing inside the mouth) and Istinshaq (rinsing inside the nose). Hadiths indicate that eating and drinking during the state of Janaba can cause vitiligo.
-- Reciting more than seven verses of the Qur’an: according to majority of Faqihs seven verses of Sruas that do not contain compulsory Sajda.
-- Touching the cover or the margins of the Qur’an.
-- Sleeping before performing Ghusl or Wudu.
-- Dyeing hair.
-- Being present at Muhtadar’s (one who is dying) bed.
-==Some Rulings Related to Janaba==
+==Acts that Are Makruh (Disliked) for Junub==
-- Some Faqihs issued that the perspiration of one who has become Junub by committing Haram (for instance Istimna’ (masturbation) or Zina (fornication)) is Najis. On the other hand, some believe that it is Tahir (clean) but one cannot perform Salat with it.
+{{cb|2}}
-- Remaining in the state of Janaba to the dawn (Fajr) in the month of Ramadan - for one upon whom Fasting is obligatory - is Haram (prohibited) and invalidates the Fast of that day and causes Qada (compensation) and Kaffara (atonement).
+* Eating or drinking: unless junub makes wudu, or do [[madmada]] (rinsing inside the mouth) and [[istinshaq]] (rinsing inside the nose). Hadiths indicate that eating and drinking during the state of janaba can cause vitiligo.
-- If performing Ghusl is harmful for Junub, they should perform Tayammum instead of Ghusl.
+* Reciting more than seven verses of the Qur'an: according to majority of faqihs seven verses of suras that do not contain compulsory sajda.
-- Performing Salat in a room in which there is Junud is Makruh.
+* Touching the cover or the margins of the Qur'an.
+* Sleeping before performing ghusl or wudu.
+* Dyeing hair.
+* Being present at muhtadar's (one who is dying) bed.
+{{end}}
+==Some Rulings==
+* Some faqihs issued that the perspiration of one who has become junub by committing a prohibited act (for instance [[istimna']] (masturbation) or [[zina]] (fornication)) is [[najis]]. On the other hand, some believe that it is tahir (clean) but one cannot perform salat with it.
+* Remaining in the state of Janaba to the dawn (fajr) in the month of [[Ramadan]] - for one upon whom fasting is obligatory - is haram (prohibited) and invalidates the Fast of that day and causes [[qada]] (compensation) and [[kaffara]] (atonement).
+* If performing ghusl is harmful for junub, they should perform [[tayammum]] instead of ghusl.
+* Performing salat in a room in which there is junub is makruh.
+==References==
+* The material for this article is mainly taken from [[:fa: جنابت|جنابت]] in Farsi WikiShia.
 [[fa: جنابت]]
 [[ur: جنابت]]
 [[tr: Cenabet]]
+[[Category:Fiqh terminology]]