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Draft:Ayah 79 of Surah al-Isra

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Ayah 79 of Surah al-Isra
Verse's Information
Suraal-Isra' (Qur'an 17)
Verse79
Juz'15
TopicEthical
AboutRecommendation for Night Prayer


Qur'an 17:79 enjoins Prophet Muhammad (s) to keep a vigil during a portion of the night[1] and to observe the Night Prayer[2] as a means to attain the Maqam al-Mahmud (Praiseworthy Station).[3] This verse is frequently interpreted as establishing the Night Prayer as a obligatory practice specifically for the Holy Prophet (s).[4]

Exegetes define the term "tahajjud" as the act of rousing oneself from sleep[5] or forsaking sleep to engage in prayer.[6] The majority of commentators[7] refer the pronoun "bi-hi" in the phrase "fa-tahajjad bi-hi" to the Quran referenced in the preceding verse, which, based on contextual evidence, is understood to denote the Night Prayer.[8] Other scholars refer the pronoun "bi-hi" back to "al-layl" (the night), interpreting the command as "keep vigil during part of it."[9]

The term "nafila" linguistically signifies an addition or surplus.[10] In this context, it implies a duty performed in addition to the standard Obligatory prayers;[11] consequently, numerous scholars cite this phrasing as evidence that the Night Prayer was obligatory for the Prophet (s).[12]

The verse concludes by identifying the spiritual benefit of performing the Night Prayer as the attainment of the Maqam al-Mahmud.[13] In light of Islamic traditions[14] and the consensus of exegetes,[15] the Maqam al-Mahmud is widely interpreted as the station of intercession (shafa'a) granted to the Holy Prophet (s). Some commentators alternatively suggest it refers to a specific rank in Paradise where one receives praise.[16] If the verse is understood as a general address to humanity, the Maqam al-Mahmud signifies the attainment of high degrees of spiritual perfection.[17]

Notes

  1. ↑ Ḥusaynī Shīrāzī, Tabyīn al-Qurʾān, 1423 AH, p. 302.
  2. ↑ Mughniyya, al-Tafsīr al-kāshif, 1424 AH, vol. 5, p. 75.
  3. ↑ Mudarrisī, Min hudā l-Qurʾān, 1419 AH, vol. 6, p. 285.
  4. ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, 1374 Sh, vol. 12, p. 224.
  5. ↑ Ṭabāṭabāʾī, al-Mīzān, 1417 AH, vol. 13, p. 175.
  6. ↑ Ṭabarsī, Tafsīr jawāmiʿ al-jāmiʿ, 1377 Sh, vol. 2, p. 341.
  7. ↑ Sharīf Lāhījī, Tafsīr-i Sharīf Lāhījī, 1373 Sh, vol. 2, p. 840.
  8. ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, 1374 Sh, vol. 12, p. 224.
  9. ↑ Sharīf Lāhījī, Tafsīr-i Sharīf Lāhījī, 1373 Sh, vol. 2, p. 840.
  10. ↑ Ṭabāṭabāʾī, al-Mīzān, 1417 AH, vol. 13, p. 175.
  11. ↑ Ṭabarsī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, 1372 Sh, vol. 6, p. 670.
  12. ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, 1374 Sh, vol. 12, p. 224.
  13. ↑ Mudarrisī, Min hudā l-Qurʾān, 1419 AH, vol. 6, p. 285.
  14. ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, 1374 Sh, vol. 12, p. 225.
  15. ↑ Dakhīl, al-Wajīz, 1422 AH, p. 380.
  16. ↑ Ḥusaynī Shīrāzī, Tabyīn al-Qurʾān, 1423 AH, p. 302.
  17. ↑ Mudarrisī, Min hudā l-Qurʾān, 1419 AH, vol. 6, p. 285.

References

  • Ḥusaynī Shīrāzī, Sayyid Muḥammad, Tabyīn al-Qurʾān, Beirut, Dār al-ʿUlūm, 2nd ed., 1423/2002.
  • Dakhīl, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad ʿAlī, al-Wajīz fī tafsīr al-kitāb al-ʿazīz, Beirut, Dār al-Taʿāruf li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 2nd ed., 1422/2001-02.
  • Sharīf Lāhījī, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī, Tafsīr-i Sharīf Lāhījī, edited by Mīr Jalāl al-Dīn Ḥusaynī Urmavī (Muḥaddith), Tehran, Daftar-i Nashr-i Dād, 1st ed., 1373 Sh/1994-95.
  • Ṭabāṭabāʾī, Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥusayn, al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān, Qom, Islamic Publications Office, 5th ed., 1417 AH/1996-97.
  • Ṭabarsī, Faḍl b. Ḥasan, Tafsīr jawāmiʿ al-jāmiʿ, Tehran University Publications, Qom Seminary Management, Tehran, 1st ed., 1377 Sh/1998-99.
  • Ṭabarsī, Faḍl b. Ḥasan, Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān, introduction by Balāghī, Muḥammad Jawād, Tehran, Nāṣir Khusraw, 3rd ed., 1372 Sh/1993-94.
  • Mudarrisī, Sayyid Muḥammad Taqī, Min hudā l-Qurʾān, Dār Muḥibbī l-Ḥusayn, Tehran, 1st ed., 1419 AH/1998-99.
  • Mughniyya, Muḥammad Jawād, al-Tafsīr al-kāshif, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, Tehran, 1st ed., 1424 AH/2003-04.
  • Makārim Shīrāzī, Nāṣir, Tafsīr-i nimūna, Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1st ed., 1374 Sh/1995-96.
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