Draft:Dār al-Qurʾān
Dār al-Qurʾān (Arabic: دار القرآن, lit. 'House of the Qur'an') is an educational center for Qur'anic activities such as recitation, memorization, Tajwid, and exegesis (tafsir). In Dar al-Qur'ans, Qur'anic competitions, publication and translation of the Qur'an, and the promotion of Qur'anic culture also take place.
Status and Function
Dar al-Qur'an is a social institution focused on teaching the Qur'an[1] and other Qur'anic activities such as basic reading, fluent reading, Tajwid, memorization, recitation, and exegesis.[2] Other activities of Dar al-Qur'ans include holding Qur'anic circles and competitions,[3] publishing and translating the Qur'an,[4] publishing Qur'anic magazines,[5] training Qur'an teachers,[6] and promoting Qur'anic culture in society.[7]
History of Formation
The term Dar al-Qur'an is mentioned in books from the 8th/14th century in the sense of a place for teaching the Qur'an.[8] Ibn Kathir al-Dimashqi (d. 774/1373), a Sunni historian, mentioned schools titled "Dar al-Qur'an wa l-Hadith" (House of the Qur'an and Hadith).[9]
With evolving teaching methods, Qur'anic institutions were established with various titles such as Dar al-Qur'an and Dar al-Tahfiz.[10]
Qur'an Education in Mosques and Traditional Schools
The first center for Qur'an education in Islam was the Mosque.[11] Some authors have suggested that the part of al-Masjid al-Nabawi where the Ashab al-Suffa[12] resided was a place for Qur'an education; for this reason, they have referred to this place as the first Dar al-Qur'an in the history of Islam.[13]From the 6th to the 9th centuries AH (12th to 15th centuries CE), dedicated spaces for Qur'anic instruction were established within schools in several Islamic regions, such as Egypt and the Levant.[14]
In the 10th/16th century, the Ottomans referred to Qur'an education centers as "Dar al-Qurra' ".[15] Subsequently, up until the early 15th/21st century, Qur'an education for children and adolescents took place not only in mosques but also in traditional schools.[16]
Notes
- ↑ CGIE. "Maqāla-yi Dār al-Qurʾān" (Article on Dar al-Quran). The Centre for the Great Islamic Encyclopaedia.
- ↑ Dar al-Quran Organization. "Āyīn-nāma-hā-yi āmūzishī" (Educational Regulations).
- ↑ Dar al-Quran Organization. "Maḥfil" (Circle); "Musābiqāt" (Competitions).
- ↑ Hawzah News Agency. "Awwalīn muʾassisa-yi Qurʾānī bih dast-i kudām Marjaʿ-i Taqlīd sākhta shud?" (Which Marja' established the first Quranic institution?).
- ↑ Dar al-Quran of Imam al-Husayn Shrine. "Al-Majallāt al-Qurʾāniyya" (Quranic Magazines).
- ↑ Dar al-Quran Organization. "Tārīkhcha-yi sāzmān" (History of the Organization).
- ↑ Hawzah.net. "Muʿarrafī-yi marākiz-i Dār al-Qurʾān-i āmūzish wa parvarish" (Introduction to Dar al-Quran Centers of the Ministry of Education).
- ↑ Shahīd al-Awwal, Al-Durūs al-sharʿiyya, 1417 AH, vol. 3, p. 69.
- ↑ Ibn Kathīr, Al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya, 1408 AH, vol. 14, pp. 211, 262.
- ↑ Dar al-Quran Organization. "Nigāhī bih barnāma-hā-yi ḥifẓ-i Qurʾān dar Miṣr, mahd-i tilāwat" (A look at Quran memorization programs in Egypt, the cradle of recitation).
- ↑ See: Subkī, Fatāwī, n.d., vol. 2, pp. 108-109; Muḥibbī, Khulāṣat al-āthār, 1284 AH, vol. 1, p. 149.
- ↑ Ashab al-Ṣuffa were a group of companions of the Prophet (s) who, after the Hijra to Medina, resided in the northern section of al-Masjid al-Nabawi. Having lost—or voluntarily abandoned—their homes, property, and tribal standing, they embraced poverty and hardship and devoted themselves to worship, learning and teaching, and participation in jihad.
- ↑ CGIE. "Maqāla-yi Dār al-Qurʾān".
- ↑ See: Ibn Kathīr, Al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya, 1408 AH, vol. 14, p. 269; Ṣafadī, Al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt, 1420 AH, vol. 10, p. 262.
- ↑ Ibn ʿImād, Shadharāt al-dhahab, n.d., vol. 8, p. 308.
- ↑ Dar al-Quran Organization. "Nigāhī bih barnāma-hā-yi ḥifẓ-i Qurʾān dar Miṣr, mahd-i tilāwat"; Qanbarī, "Nigāhī bih maktab-khāna dar Īrān", p. 120.
References
- Balagh. "Masjid parchamdār-i nashr-i maʿārif-i Qurʾān wa Ahl al-Bayt (a)" (Mosque, the flag-bearer of spreading the teachings of the Quran and Ahl al-Bayt). Published: Bahman 2, 1401 Sh. Accessed: Azar 20, 1403 Sh.
- Beytolahzan. "Qurʾān-ābād-i Īrān, rūstāyī nimūna dar kishwar". Published: Azar 14, 1394 Sh. Accessed: Azar 18, 1403 Sh.
- CGIE. "Maqāla-yi Dār al-Qurʾān". Accessed: Dey 1, 1403 Sh.
- Dar al-Quran of Imam al-Husayn Shrine. "Al-Majallāt al-Qurʾāniyya". Accessed: Azar 22, 1403 Sh.
- Dar al-Quran of Imam al-Husayn Shrine. "Al-Mashārīʿ al-Taʿlīmiyya". Accessed: Azar 18, 1403 Sh.
- Dar al-Quran Organization. "Maḥfil". Accessed: Azar 19, 1403 Sh.
- Dar al-Quran Organization. "Musābiqāt". Accessed: Azar 19, 1403 Sh.
- Dar al-Quran Organization. "Nigāhī bih barnāma-hā-yi ḥifẓ-i Qurʾān dar Miṣr, mahd-i tilāwat". Published: Mehr 2, 1401 Sh. Accessed: Azar 17, 1403 Sh.
- Dar al-Quran Organization. "Rāh-andāzī-yi Dār al-Qurʾān-hā-yi masājid bā hamrāhī-yi muʾassisāt-i Qurʾānī". Accessed: Azar 18, 1403 Sh.
- Dar al-Quran Organization. "Taʿdād-i muʾassisāt-i Qurʾānī-yi faʿʿāl-i dārāy-i mujawwiz dar kishwar ḥadd-i akthar 3200 mawrid ast". Published: Tir 8, 1400 Sh. Accessed: Azar 17, 1403 Sh.
- Hawzah.net. "Muʿarrafī-yi marākiz-i Dār al-Qurʾān-i āmūzish wa parvarish". Published: Aban 8, 1390 Sh. Accessed: Azar 19, 1403 Sh.
- Ibn ʿImād al-Ḥanbalī, ʿAbd al-Ḥayy b. Aḥmad. Shadharāt al-dhahab fī akhbār man dhahab. Beirut, Dār Ibn Kathīr, 1st ed., 1406 AH.
- Ibn Kathīr al-Dimashqī, Ismāʿīl b. ʿUmar. Al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya. Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1408 AH.
- Muḥibbī al-Dimashqī, Muḥammad Amīn. Khulāṣat al-āthār fī aʿyān al-qarn al-ḥādī ʿashar. Egypt, 1284 AH.
- Qanbarī, Muḥammad Riḍā. "Nigāhī bih maktab-khāna dar Īrān". Māhnāma-yi Farhang-i Mardom-i Īrān. No. 9, 1386 Sh.
- Ṣafadī, Khalīl b. Aybak al-. Al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt. Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1420 AH.
- Shahīd al-Awwal, Muḥammad b. Makkī al-. Al-Durūs al-sharʿiyya fī fiqh al-Imāmiyya. Qom, Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1417 AH.
- Subkī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd al-Kāfī al-. Fatāwī al-Subkī. Beirut, Dār al-Maʿrifa, n.d.