Sadat's Share
Sahm al-sādat or Share of Sayyids (Arabic: سهم السادات) is a part of khums which is given to needy sayyids (descendants of Banu Hashim).
Shi'a jurists refer to the verse of khums[1] and consider a part of khums belonging to needy sayyids which is known as "sahm al-sadat". They interpret "orphans", "the needy" and "the traveler" in this verse, such people in descendants of Banu Hashim.[2]
According to Muhammad Hasan al-Najafi, the author of Jawahir al-kalam, most Shi'a jurists believe that "sahm sadat" only belongs to those whose lineage reach Hashim b. 'Abd Manaf from their father's side and a person whose mother is sayyid will not have sahm sadat.[3]
There is no agreement about the manner of paying sahm al-sadat. Most marja's believe that it should be given to the religious authority or marja' or pay to needy sayyids with his permission; however, some others do not consider the permission of mujtahid, a reqirement and believe that it can be given directly to needy sayyids.[4]
The philosophy behind dedication of a share of khums to sayyids is considered to be a compensation for the prohibition of paying charity for non-sayyids to them.
See Also
Notes
- ↑ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُم مِّن شَيْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّـهِ خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْيَتَامَىٰ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ Qur'an 8:41
- ↑ Najafī, Jawāhir al-kalām, vol. 16, p. 88; Ibn Barrāj, al-Muhadhdhab, vol. 1, p. 180.
- ↑ Najafī, Jawāhir al-kalām, vol. 16, p. 90.
- ↑ Tawḍīḥ al-masāʾil, vol. 2, p. 75-77.
References
- Tawḍīḥ al-masāʾil-i marājiʿ. Edited by Banī Hāshimī. Qom: Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1392 Sh.
- Ibn Barrāj al-Ṭirāblusī. Al-Muhadhdhab. Qom: Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1406 AH.
- Najafī, Muḥammad Ḥasan al-. Jawāhir al-kalām. Edited by ʿAbbās Qūchānī & ʿAlī Ākhūndī. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1404 AH.