Sahmayn

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Sahmayn (Arabic: السَهْمَیْن, lit: the "two shares") refers to the share of Imam (a) and Sayyids' share in khums.[1] Literally "sahm" means "share"[2] and "benefit".[3]

Shia jurists believe that khums is divided into two general shares: the share of Imam (a) and the share of Sayyids:[4]

  • Sayyids' share is given to the mujtahid or with his permission to poor or orphaned Sayyids or a Sayyid who is in travel [with not enough money to go back home].
  • The Imam's share is given to the fully qualified mujtahid during the absence of the Infallible Imam (a) or with his permission to the poor Sayyids, orphaned Sayyid or Sayyids who are left in travel [with not enough money to go back home].

The Imam's (a) share is delivered to the fully qualified mujtahid during the absence of the Infallible Imam (a) or is consumed in the way he allows.[5]

Al-Shaykh al-Tusi in al-Mabsut,[6] al-Shahid al-Awwal in the al-Lum'a al-Dimashqiyya[7] and al-Shahid al-Thani in Sharh al-lum'at al-Dimashqiyya[8] divided khums into six types based on the verse of khums and considered it an agreed view of Shi'a.[9] Of course, these six shares also go back to two shares; three of the shares, i.e. the share of God, the share of the Prophet (s) and the share of close relatives, are for Imam (a), and the other three shares, i.e. the share of the orphans, the poor and the ones who are left in travel with not enough money to go back home, are for the relatives of the Prophet (s), which is called the share of Sayyids.[10]

The reason for the two division of khums is based on narrations.[11] Imam Musa b. Ja'far (a) explained khums in a narration, and considered a share for the ruler (Imam (a)) and another share for the orphans, the poor and the relatives of the Prophet (s) who are left in travel with not enough money to go back home.[12]

See Also

Notes

  1. ↑ Ḥillī, al-mukhtaṣar, vol. 1, p. 63.
  2. ↑ Bustānī, Farhang-i abjadī, p. 503.
  3. ↑ Ibn Fāris, Muʿjam maqāyīs al-lugha, vol. 3, p. 111.
  4. ↑ Ṭabāṭabāʾī Yazdī, al-ʿUrwat al-wuthqā, vol. 4, p. 303.
  5. ↑ Khomeiniī, Tawḍīḥ al-masāʾil, vol. 2, p. 59.
  6. ↑ Ṭūsī, al-Mabsūṭ, vol. 1, p. 262.
  7. ↑ Shahīd al-Awwal, al-lumʿat al-Dimashqiyya, p. 55.
  8. ↑ Shahīd al-Thānī, al-Rawḍa al-bahiyya, vol. 1, p. 137.
  9. ↑ Shahīd al-Thānī, al-Rawḍa al-bahiyya, vol. 1, p. 137.
  10. ↑ Mughnīya, Fiqh al-Imām al-Ṣādiq (a), vol. 2, p. 2.
  11. ↑ Muntaẓirī, al-Khums wa l-anfāl, p. 261; Najafī, Jawāhir al-kalām, vol. 16, p. 58.
  12. ↑ ʿĀmilī, al-Fuṣūl al-muhimma fī uṣūl al-aʾimma, vol. 2, p. 146.

References

  • ʿĀmilī, Muḥammad b. Ḥasan. Al-Fuṣūl al-muhimma fī uṣūl al-aʾimma. Edited by Muḥammad Qāʾinī. Qom: 1418 AH.
  • Bustānī, Fuʾād Afrām. Farhang-i abjadī. Tehran: Islāmī, 1375 Sh.
  • Ḥillī, Jaʿfar b. al-Ḥasan al-. Al-mukhtaṣar al-nāfiʿ fī fiqh al-imāmiyya. Qom: Muʾassisat al-Maṭbūʿāt al-Dīnīyya, 1418 AH.
  • Ibn Fāris. Muʿjam maqāyīs al-lugha. Qom: Maktab al-Aʿlām al-Islāmī, 1404 AH.
  • Khomeiniī, Sayyid Rūḥ Allāh. Tawḍīḥ al-masāʾil (muḥashā). Edited by Banī Hāshimī Khomeinī, Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥasan. 8th edition. Qom: Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1424 AH.
  • Mughnīya, Muḥammad Jawād al-. Fiqh al-Imām al-Ṣādiq. Qom: Muʾassisat Anṣārīyān, 1421 AH.
  • Muntaẓirī, Ḥusayn Alī. Al-Khums wa l-anfāl. Qom: 1431 AH.
  • Najafī, Muḥammad al-Ḥasan al-. Jawāhir al-kalām fī sharḥ sharāʾiʿ al-Islām. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1404 AH.
  • Shahīd al-Awwal, Muḥammad b. Makkī. Al-lumʿat al-Dimashqiyya fī fiqh al-imāmiyya. Beirut: Dar al-Turāth, 1410 AH.
  • Shahīd al-Thānī, Zayn al-Dīn b. ʿAlī. Al-Rawḍa al-bahiyya fī sharḥ al-lumʿat al-Dimashqiyya. Qom: Daftar-i Tablīghāt-i Islāmī-yi Ḥawza-yi Ilmīya-yi Qom, 1412 AH.
  • Ṭabāṭabāʾī Yazdī, Muḥammad Kāẓim al-. Al-ʿUrwat al-wuthqā. Qom: Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1419 AH.
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