Amr b. Hurayth al-Makhzumi
| An agent of Umayyad Dynasty | |
|---|---|
| Teknonym | Abu Sa'id |
| Lineage | Quraysh |
| Birth | 2/623-4 |
| Place of Residence | Kufa |
| Death/Martyrdom | 78/697-8 or 85/704-5 |
| Era | Early Islam |
| Known for | Playing role in martyrdom of Maytham al-Tammar, Muslim b. Aqil, and Hujr b. Adi |
| Notable roles | Deputy of Ziyad b. Abih |
ʿAmr b. Ḥurayth al-Qurashī al-Makhzūmī (Arabic: عمرو بن حُرَیث القرشي المخزومي) (b. 2/623-4 - d. 78/697-8 or 85/704-5) was an advocate of Umayyads and the rulers of Kufa from the time of 'Uthman until the Uprising of al-Mukhtar. He had a role in the martyrdom of Maytham al-Tammar, Muslim b. 'Aqil, and Hujr b. 'Adi.
Lineage and Teknonym
'Amr b. Hurayth b. 'Amr b. 'Uthman b. 'Abd Allah b. 'Umar b. Makhzum al-Qurashi al-Makhzumi[1] was born in 2/623-4 or before the Hijra.[2] The Prophet (s) passed his hand over his head and made prayer for him.[3] His teknonym was Abu Sa'id.<refIbn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 710></ref> He was from the al-Makhzum branch of Quraysh tribe and his lineage, Khalid b. Walid, and Abu Jahl b. Hisham reached 'Abd Allah b. al-Makhzum, .[4]
Before the Battle of 'Ashura
'Amr b. Hurayth was the first person from Quraysh who resided in Kufa.[5] He was the deputy of Sa'id b. 'As when he was the governor of Kufa appointed by 'Uthman.[6]
Ziyad b. Abih appointed him as his deputy in Kufa.[7] When Ziyad was in Basra, Hujr b. 'Adi and his companions threw a stone at Amr b. Hurayth at the time of giving sermon of Friday prayer. 'Amr reported it to Ziyad and he imprisoned Hujr b. 'Adi and sent his agent to capture Hujr's companions.[8] 'Amr was among those who testified against Hujr b. 'Adi.[9]
After Ziyad b. Abih died, 'Amr joined 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad and helped him manage the affairs of Basra and Kufa and managed them in his absence.[10]
In the Battle of 'Ashura
'Amr b. Hurayth had a role in the martyrdom of Maytham al-Tammar[11] and suppressing the uprising of Muslim b. 'Aqil. After Ibn Ziyad found about the hiding place of Muslim, he sent 'Amr and Muhammad b. Ash'ath with 70 people to Muslim.[12]
After Muslim b. 'Aqil was martyred. Ibn Ziyad wanted to kill al-Mukhtar but after the testimony of Amr b. Hurayth withdrew from killing al-Mukhtar and imprisoned him instead.[13]
After Imam al-Husayn (a) arrived in Karbala, 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad appointed 'Amr to manage the affairs of Kufa, and he and his companions went out of Kufa and camped in Nukhayla and blocked the way of people to join Imam al-Husayn (a).[14]
After 'Ashura
After Imam al-Husayn (a) and his companions were martyred, 'Amr b. Hurayth was at the service of Umayyads.[15] After Yazid died and Tawwabun made an uprising, 'Amr was exiled out of Kufa.[16] After Mus'ab b. Zubayr was killed and 'Abd al-Malik b. Marwan took power over Iraq, 'Amr was appointed to manage the affairs of Kufa in the absence of its governors.[17] Finally, 'Amr b. Hurayth died in 78/697-8[18] or 85/704-5[19] in Kufa.[20]
Transmission of Hadiths
'Amr transmitted hadiths from the Prophet (s),[21] Imam Ali (a), Abu Bakr, 'Umar, Ibn Mas'ud and others.
His son, Ja'far, his brother Sa'id,[22] al-Mughira b. Basi', al-Walid b. Sari', 'Abd al-Malik b. 'Umayr, Isma'il b. Abi Khalid, Khalaf b. Khalifa and others have narrated hadiths from him.[23]
Notes
- ↑ Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 710.
- ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 4, p. 510.
- ↑ Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 710; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 1, p. 340.
- ↑ Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 710.
- ↑ Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 710.
- ↑ Ibn Khaldūn, Tārīkh Ibn Khaldūn, vol. 2, p. 591.
- ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 5, p. 210 and 245.
- ↑ Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl, p. 223-224.
- ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 5, p. 254.
- ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 4, p. 510; Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 5, p. 396; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 5, p. 588.
- ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 6, p. 250; Kashshī, Rijāl, p. 85.
- ↑ Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib, vol. 4, p. 93; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 5, p. 350.
- ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 6, p. 377; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 5, p. 50.
- ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 1, p. 466.
- ↑ Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 45, p. 356; Ibn Aʿtham, al-Futūḥ, vol. 5, p. 143.
- ↑ Ibn Aʿtham, al-Futūḥ, vol. 6, p. 206.
- ↑ Khalīfa, Tārīkh-i Khalīfa, p. 186; Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 6, p. 326.
- ↑ Khalīfa, Tārīkh-i Khalīfa, p. 174; Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 1, p. 86.
- ↑ Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 710; Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 1, p. 86; Ibn al-Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 4, p. 516.
- ↑ Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 710.
- ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 3, p. 1172.
- ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 2, p. 620' Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 2, p. 232.
- ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 4, p. 510.
References
- Balādhurī, Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā al-. Jumal min ansāb al-ashrāf. Edited by Suhayl Zakār & Riyāḍ al-Ziriklī. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1417 AH.
- Dīnawarī, Aḥmad b. Dāwūd al-. Al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl. Edited by ʿAbd al-Munʿim ʿĀmir and Jamāl al-Dīn Shiyāl. Qom: Manshūrāt al-Sharīf al-Raḍī, 1368Sh.
- Ibn Aʿtham, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. Al-Futūḥ. Edited by ʿAlī Shīrī. Beirut: Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, 1991.
- Ibn al-Athīr al-Jazarī, ʿAlī b. Abī l-Karam. Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir, 1385 AH-1965.
- Ibn al-Athīr al-Jazarī, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad. Usd al-ghāba fī maʿrifat al-ṣaḥāba. Edited by Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Bannā, Muḥammad Aḥmad Āshūr, Muḥmūd ʿAbd al-Wahhāb Fāyid. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1409 AH.
- Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. Al-Iṣāba fī tamyīz al-ṣaḥāba. Edited by ʿĀdil Aḥmad ʿAbd al-Mawjūd and ʿAlī Muḥammad Muʿawwaḍ. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1415 AH.
- Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad. Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā. Muḥammad Ṣāmil al-Silmī. Al-Ṭaʾif: Maktabat al-Ṣiddiq, 1414 AH/1993.
- Ibn Shahrāshūb, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib. Edited by Ḥāshim Rasūlī. Qom: Nashr-i ʿAllāma, 1379 Sh.
- Kashshī, Muḥammad b. ʿUmar al-. Rijāl al-Kashshī. Mashhad: Intishārat-i Dānishgāh-i Mashhad, 1348Sh.
- Khalīfa b. Khayyāṭ. Tārīkh-i Khalīfa b. Khayyāṭ. Edited by Muṣṭafā Najīb Fawwāz and Ḥikmat Kashlī Fawwāz. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1415 AH.
- Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Wafāʾ, 1403 AH.
- Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-.Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk. Edited by Muḥammad Abu l-faḍl Ibrāhīm. Second edition. Beirut: Dar al-Turāth, 1387 AH.