Hajjar b. Abjar
Commander of 'Umar b. Sa'd's army | |
---|---|
Full Name | Hajjar b. Abjar b. Jabir |
Lineage | Bakr b. Wa'il |
Place of Residence | Kufa |
Era | Early Islam |
Notable roles | Governor of Isfahan |
Activities | Testifying against Hujr b. 'Adi, inviting Imam al-Husayn (a) to Kufa], opposing Uprising of al-Mukhtar, joining Mus'ab b. Zubayr |
Ḥajjār b. Abjar al-ʿIjlī (Arabic: حَجّار بْن أبْجَر العِجْلي) was a nobleman of Kufa and a commander of 'Umar b. Sa'd's army in the Battle of Karbala. He was one of the people who wrote letters to Imam al-Husayn (a), inviting him to Kufa, but after 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad took over the rule of Kufa, he joined him and played a role in scattering people away from Muslim b. 'Aqil. Hajjar was a commander of 'Umar b. Sa'd in the Battle of Karbala, and after the battle, he was an opponent of the Uprising of al-Mukhtar and joined Mus'ab b. Zubayr. Mus'ab commissioned him to combat 'Ubayd Allah b. Hurr al-Ju'fi. He later joined 'Abd al-Malik b. Marwan in his fight with Mus'ab.
Lineage
Hajjar b. Abjar b. Jabir b. Bujayr b. 'A'idh b. Shurayt b. 'Amr b. Malik b. Rabi'a b. 'Ijl[1] was the head of the Bakr b. Wa'il tribe.[2]
Hajjar was alive in the period of the Prophet Muhammad (s). He and his father, Abjar, went to 'Umar b. al-Khattab; Hajjar recited shahadatayn and converted to Islam, but his father did not convert to Islam. A short time before the martyrdom of Imam 'Ali (a) in 40/661, his father died as a Christian.[3] 'Abd al-Rahman b. Muljam who had entered Kufa to martyr Imam 'Ali (a) saw some people and priests of Kufa holding a funeral for Abjar. He said: "I swear to God that I would kill them all with my sword had I not wanted to stay alive for a greater purpose."[4]
Hajjar was aware of Mustawrid b. 'Ulafa al-Khariji's riot against al-Mughira b. Shu'ba in 43/663-4, but kept it a secret.[5] He also testified against Hujr b. 'Adi.[6]
The Battle of Karbala
Hajjar was one of the people who wrote letters to Imam al-Husayn (a), inviting him to Kufa.[7] But after 'Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad took over Kufa, he played a role in scattering people away from Muslim b. 'Aqil.[8] In the Event of Ashura, Ibn Ziyad sent Hajjar to aid 'Umar b. Sa'd.[9] On the Day of 'Ashura, Imam al-Husayn (a) addressed him as a writer of letters to him.[10]
After Ashura
He was a commander of the army of Ibn Muti', the ruler of Kufa, against al-Mukhtar's army.[11] Al-Mukhtar commissioned Ahmar b. Shumayt to combat him.[12] When al-Mukhtar took over the rule of Kufa, Hajjar joined Mus'ab b. Zubayr. Mus'ab commissioned him to combat 'Ubayd Allah b. Hurr al-Ju'fi. He was defeated in this combat.[13]
Later in the battle between Mus'ab and 'Abd al-Malik b. Marwan, Hajjar b. Abjar, together with Ghadban b. Qaba'thari, 'Attab b. Warqa', Qutn b. 'Abd Allah al-Harithi, Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Rahman b. Sa'id, Zahr b. Qays, and Muhammad b. 'Umayr al-Tamimi, among others, joined 'Abd al-Malik b. Marwan on the condition of being appointed as the ruler of Isfahan. In 71/690, they were given the rule of Isfahan.[14]
Notes
- ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam, vol. 11, p. 666.
- ↑ Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl, p. 214.
- ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, vol. 2, p. 103; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam, vol. 5, p. 146.
- ↑ Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl, p. 214; Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 2, p. 494; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam, vol. 5, p. 146.
- ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam, vol. 5, p. 182.
- ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam, vol. 5, p. 270; Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 5, p. 255.
- ↑ Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl, p. 229; Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 3, p. 158; Ibn Miskawayh, Tajārub al-umam, vol. 2, p. 40; Ibn Aʿtham, al-Futūḥ, vol. 2, p. 30; Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 44, p. 334; Mufīd, al-Irshād, vol. 2, p. 38.
- ↑ Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl, p. 239; Mufīd, al-Irshād, vol. 2, p. 52; Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 44, p. 349; Ibn al-Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 4, p. 31; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam, vol. 5, p. 369.
- ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 3, p. 178; Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl, p. 254.
- ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 3, p. 188; Mufīd, al-Irshād, vol. 2, p. 98; Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 45, p. 7; Ṭabrisī, Iʿlām al-warā, p. 242.
- ↑ Ibn Aʿtham, al-Futūḥ, vol. 6, p. 235; Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 45, p. 368.
- ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 6, p. 391; Ibn al-Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 4, p. 219; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 6, p. 22.
- ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam, vol. 6, p. 134.
- ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam, vol. 6, p. 156.
References
- Balādhurī, Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā al-. Ansāb al-ashrāf. Edited by Muḥammad Bāqir Maḥmūdī. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1397 AH/1977 CE.
- Balādhurī, Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā al-. Jumal min ansāb al-ashrāf. Edited by Suhayl Zakār & Riyāḍ al-Ziriklī. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1417 AH/1996 CE.
- Dīnawarī, Aḥmad b. Dāwūd al-. Al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl. Edited by ʿAbd al-Munʿim ʿĀmir and Jamāl al-Dīn Shiyāl. Qom: Manshūrāt al-Sharīf al-Raḍī, 1379 AH/1959 CE.
- Ibn Aʿtham, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. Al-Futūḥ. Edited by ʿAlī al-shīrī. Beirut: Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, 1411 AH.
- Ibn al-Athīr, al-Jazarī, ʿAlī b. Abī l-Karam. Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir, 1385 AH/1965 CE.
- Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. Al-Iṣāba fī tamyīz al-ṣaḥāba. Edited by ʿĀdil Aḥmad ʿAbd al-Mawjūd and ʿAlī Muḥammad Muʿawwaḍ. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1415 AH/1995 CE.
- Ibn Miskawayh, Aḥmad b. Muḥammad. Tajārub al-umam. Edited by Abu l-Qāsim Imāmī. Tehran: Surūsh, 1379 Sh.
- Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Wafāʾ, 1404 AH.
- Mufīd, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. Al-Irshād fī maʿrifat ḥujaj Allāh ʿalā l-ʿibād. Qom: Intishārāt-i Kungira-yi Jahānī Shaykh al-Mufīd, 1413 AH.
- Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-. Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk. Edited by Muḥammad Abu l-faḍl Ibrāhīm. Beirut: Dar al-Turāth, 1387 AH/1967 CE.
- Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Iʿlām al-warā bi-aʿlām al-hudā. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, [n.d].