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Al-Ahkam al-Ta'sisiyya

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From wikishia

Al-Aḥkām al-taʾsīsīyya (Arabic: الاحکام التأسیسیة) (literally: foundational rulings) or al-aḥkām al-ibtidāʾīyya (literally: primitive rulings)[1] are, in contrast to al-aḥkām al-imḍā'īyya (literally: endorsed rulings), rulings that are legislated in the Islamic Shari'a for the first time, without having a precedent before Islam.[2]

The word, "ta'sis", is from the root, "a-s-s" (أسس), which means to found or to establish.

There is no clear-cut discussion of foundational and endorsed rulings in sources of Islamic jurisprudence, and they are indeed known through examples.[3] Many of the five obligational rulings, such as prayer, fasting, and inheritance, as well as criminal rulings, such as cutting a thief's fingers, count as foundational Rulings.[4]

Notes

  1. Nūrī, Taʾsīsī, p. 269.
  2. A group of authors. Farhangnāma-yi usūl-i fiqh, vol. 1, p. 104; Muḥaqqiq Dāmād, Mabāḥithī az usūl-i fiqh, vol. 1, p. 561.
  3. Makārim Shīrāzī, Dāʾirat al-maʿārif-i fiqh-i muqārin, vol. 1, p. 561.
  4. Shāhrūdī, Farhang-i fiqh, vol. 3, p. 354.

References

  • A group of authors. Farhangnāma-yi usūl-i fiqh. Qom: Pazhūhishgāh-i ʿUlūm wa Farhang Islāmī, 1389 Sh.
  • Makārim Shīrāzī, Nāṣir. Dāʾirat al-maʿārif-i fiqh-i muqārin. First edition. Qom: Madrisat Imām ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib (a), 1427 AH.
  • Muḥaqqiq Dāmād, Musṭafā. Mabāḥithī az usūl-i fiqh. Tehran: Markaz-i Nashr-i ʿUlūm-i Islāmī, 1406 AH.
  • Nūrī, Sayyid Masʿūd. Taʾsīsī in Dānishnāmah-yi Jahān Islām. Tehran: Bunyād Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif al-Islāmī, 1388 Sh.
  • Shāhrūdī, Sayyid Maḥmūd. Farhang-i fiqh muṭābiq bā madhhab-i Ahl al-Bayt. Qom: Muʾassisat Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif al-Fiqh al-Islāmī, 1395 Sh.