Al-Rawda al-bahiyya fi sharh al-lum'at al-Dimashqiyya (book)

Al-Rawda al-bahiyya

Author	Al-Shahid al-Thani
Original title	الرَوضَة البَهِیَّة فی شَرح اللُمعَة الدِمَشقِیَّة
Language	Arabic
Series	10 vol.
Subject	jurisprudence
Published	1386/1966-7
Publisher	Jami'a al-Najaf al-Diniyya

Al-Rawḍa al-bahīyya fī sharḥ al-lumʿat al-Dimashqīyya (Arabic: الرَوضَة البَهِیَّة فی شَرح اللُمعَة الدِمَشقِیَّة) is an important book in jurisprudence, sometimes referred to as Sharh al-lum'a, written by Shaykh Sa'id Zayn al-Din b. 'Ali b. Ahmad b. Taqi al-'Amili, knwon as al-Shahid al-Thani (d. 965/1557). The book is known to be one of the best, and the most prominent expositions of al-Lum'a al-Dimashqiyya authored by al-Shahid al-Awwal. Sharh al-lum'a has been one the most significant text books of preliminary courses of Shi'a Seminaries for centuries. There are many commentaries and annotations written on the book, and this shows the importance of this work in jurisprudence.

Importance

Since the book was written, it has been frequently cited, and referred to, in the works of many great scholars of jurisprudence, such as:

• Al-Sayyid Muhammad al-'Amili (d. 1009/1600) in his Madarik al-ahkam
• Al-Fadil al-Hindi (d. 1131/1719) in his Kashf al-litham
• Muhammad Baqir al-Bihbahani known as al-Wahid al-Bihbahani (d. 1205/1791) in his Majma' al-fa'ida wa l-burhan
• Al-Sayyid Muhammad Jawad al-'Amili (d. 1228/1813) in his Miftah al-karama
• Al-Sayyid 'Ali al-Tabataba'i (d. 1231/1815-6) in his Riyad al-masa'il
• Al-Fadil al-Naraqi (d. 1245/1829-30) in his Mustanad al-Shia
• Al-Shaykh Murtada al-Ansari in his works.

Date of Writing

According to Aqa Buzurg Tihrani, the writing of Sharh al-lum'a began in early Rabi' I 956/April, 1549, and it was finished on Saturday, Jumada I 21, 957/June 7, 1550.

Comments about the Book

Aqa Buzurg Tihrani, al-Sayyid Muhsin al-Amin and many others have admired Sharh al-lum'a in their works.

Organization of the Book

Sharh al-lum'a contains 51 chapters in ten volumes:

1. Kitab al-taharat (cleanliness) and kitab al-salat (prayer).
2. Zakat, khums, sawm (fasting), hajj, jihad.
3. Al-Qada wa al-shahadat (adjudication and testimony), waqf, atiyya (gift), matajir (commerce).
4. From dayn (debts) to ju'ala.
5. From wasiyya (will) to dayn (debt).
6. Kitab al-talaq (divorce).
7. Kitab al-ghasb (usurpation), luqata (found property), to ihya' al-mawat (revival of wasteland).
8. Kitab al-irth (heritage)
9. Kitab al-hudud
10. Kitab al-qisas.

Commentaries

There are about 100 commentaries and annotations on Sharh al-lum'a as mentioned in al-Dhari'a, the most important of which are those of Aqa Jamal al-Din al-Khwansari, Sultan al-'Ulama, and Sahib al-Madarik. In general, there are two types of commentaries on Sharh al-lum'a: those written as independent books and those written just as appended commentaries.

Distinct works

• Al-Ibana al-mardiyya fi sharh mabhath al-waqt wa l-qibla by Muhammad Taqi b. Muhammad Kazim al-Tustari
• Safa' al-rawda by al-Sayyid Amir Muhammad Salih b. al-Hasan al-Ha'iri al-Husayni.
• Al-Ta'liqa al-aniqa by Muhammad 'Abbas al-Musawi al-Tustari al-Kahnawi
• Fasl al-khitab al-Ibrahimiyya by Sayyid Ali Khan Madani
• Al-Hadiqa al-Najafiyya by Muhammad Taqi Harawi
• Makhzan al-asrar al-fiqhiyya by Aqa Muhammad Ali b. Aqa Muhammad Baqir Hizar Jaribi
• Al-Zahirat al-zawiyya by Ali b. Muhammad b. Zayn al-Din al-Muhayyi'a
• Al-Manahij al-sawiyya by Muhammad b. Hasan al-Isfahani, known as Kashif al-Litham
• Al-Hidaya al-saniyya fi sharh al-rawda al-bahiyya by al-Sayyid Hadi b. Abu l-Hasan al-Radawi al-Kashmiri
• Al-Sahab al-rawiyya wa l-nafkhat al-Muhammadiyya wa l-nasma al-gharawiyya by Muhammad b. Yusuf al-Jami'i
• Al-Ghara'b al-rububiyya fi maqamat al-ubudiyya by Shari'atmadar al-Astarabadi
• Majma' al-hawashi (a collection of commentaries) by Habib Allah Kashani
• Matali' al-bukur min al-ayyam wa dahr al-duhur by Ali b. Muhammad Ja'far al-Astarabadi
• Minhaj al-umma fi sharh al-rawda al-bahiyya by Muhammad b. Ahmad al-Naraqi
• Minhaj al-milla fi ta'yin al-waqt wa l-qibla by Ali b. Abd Allah al-Aliyari
• Al-Mawa'id al-Husayniyya min al-rawda al-bahiyya by Sayyid Hasan b. Ahmad al-Husayni al-Kashani

Appended Commentaries

Such commentaries have not been written as separate books and are only known by their authors.

• Sayyid Aqa Tustari, the author of Ta'did al-lisan
• Ibrahim b. Sultan al-'Ulama al-Mar'ashi al-Amuli al-Isfahani
• Ibrahim b. Mulla Sadr al-Din Muhammad al-Shirazi
• Amir Ibrahim b. Amir Ma'sum al-Qazwini
• Amir Abu Talib, Mir Findiriski's grandson, who was contemporaneous with Sahib Riyad
• Amir Abu l-Qasim al-Kabi al-Musawi al-Khwansari
• Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Tuni, 'Abd Allah al-Tuni's brother, the author of al-Wafiyya
• Is'haq al-Turbati al-Mashhadi
• Asad Allah b. Isma'il al-Dizfuli al-Kazim
• Sayyid Muhammad Baqir b. Zayn al-'Abidin al-Musawi al-Khwansari, the author of Rawdat al-jannat
• Muhammad Taqi b. Mulla 'Abbas al-Nahawandi
• Muhamamd Ja'far Shari'atmadar al-Astarabadi
• Ja'far Qadi b. 'Abd Allah b. Ibrahim al-Huwayzi al-Kamara'i al-Isfahani
• Jamal al-Din Muhammad b. Husayn b. Jamal al-Din al-Khwansari
• Hasan b. Salam b. Hasan al-Jaylani al-Timjani
• Hasan b. Muhammad al-Subayti al-'Amili
• Shaykh Hasan b. al-Shahid al-Thani, the author of Ma'alim
• Sayyid Ahmad b. Sayyid Ali Asghar al-Shahristani
• Shaykh Ahmad b. Ibrahim b. Ahmad al-Darazi al-Bahrani
• Husayn al-Turbati
• Sayyid Husayn b. Ja'far b. Husayn al-Musawi al-Khwansari
• Husayn b. Hasan al-Jaylani al-Banani, the author of Hashiyat al-dhakhira
• Amir Muhammad Husayn b. Amir Muhammad Salih al-Khatunabadi
• Muhammad Husayn b. Muhammad Qasim al-Qumsha'i al-Najafi
• Sultan al-'Ulama, Husayn b. Rafi' al-Din Muhammad al-Mar'ashi al-Amuli al-Isfahani
• Al-Muhaqiq al-Khwansari Husayn b. Jamal al-Din Muhammad
• Sayyid Haydar Ali Hindi
• Muhammad Rafi' b. Mazj al-Jaylani al-Mashhadi
• Al-Shahid al-Thani himself also wrote commentaries on the book
• Hisam al-Din Muhamamd Salih b. Ahmad al-Mazandari
• Sayyid 'Abd al-Samad b. Ahmad b. al-Muhadith al-Jaza'iri
• Sayyid 'Abd Allah b. Nur al-Din al-Jaza'iri
• Mulla Muhammad 'Ali b. Ahmad Qaracha Daghi
• Muhammad 'Ali b. Aqa Baqir al-Bihbahani
• Sayyid Muhammad Ali b. Sayyid Sadiq al-Radawi al-Mashhadi
• Sayyid Ali b. Sayyid Aziz Allah b. 'Abd al-Muttalib al-Jaza'iri
• Muhammad 'Ali b. Muhammad b. Murtada al-Tabataba'i
• Ali Quli b. Muhammad al-Khalkhali
• 'Ali b. Nasr Allah al-Laythi, one of the pupils of al-Shaykh al-Baha'i
• Muhammad Ali b. Muhammad Nasir Chahardihi al-Mudarrisi
• Amir Fakhr al-Din al-Mashhadi al-Khurasani
• Mirza Muhammad, known as Delimaj
• Muhammad b. Hasan b. Zayn al-Din al-Shahid, known as Shaykh Muhammad al-Sibt (al-Shahid al-Thani's grandson)
• Radi al-Din Muhammad b. Aqa Husayn al-Khwansari
• Muhammad b. Sulayman al-Tunikabuni
• Sayyid Muhammad b. Amir Salih al-Khatunabadi
• Muhammad b. Abd al-Fattah al-Tunikabuni al-Sarab
• Sayyid Muhammad b. Ali b. Abu l-Hasan al-'Amili, known as Sahib al-Madarik
• Sayyid Amir Rafi' al-Din Muhammad Sadr b. Muhammad b. Sayyid Ali, known as Khalifa al-Sultan
• Sayyid Muhammad b. Hibat Allah al-Qazwini
• Sayyid Mustafa b. Ali al-Naqawi al-Kahnawi
• Muhammad b. Mu'min b. Shah Qasim al-Sabzawari, who was contemporaneous with al-Hurr al-'Amili
• Nasr Allah al-Farsi al-Mudarris
• Muhammad Nasir b. 'Abd Allah b. Muhammad Taqi al-Majlisi
• Yasin b. Salah al-Din b. Ali al-Bahrani
• Sayyid Mir Muhammad Yusuf b. 'Abd al-Fattah al-Tabrizi
• Abu l-Hasan Khan al-Mujtahid al-Fasa'i
• Muhammad Baqir b. Muhammad Ja'far al-Fisharaki
• Muhammad Baqir al-Harandi
• Abd al-Ali al-Harandi
• Muhammad Ali al-Nuri
• Isma'il b. Najaf al-Marandi al-Husayni al-Tabrizi
• Jawad b. Mubarak al-Najafi
• Husayn al-Turbati
• Sayyid Shafi' Japluqi
• Sayyid Muhammad Tahir b. Isma'il, known as Agha Mir, al-Shaykh Murtada al-Ansari's son in law
• 'Abbas b. Hasan Kashif al-Ghita'
• Sayyid Ali b. Sayyid Muhammad b. Muhsin al-A'raji al-Kazimi
• Muhammad Ali b. Aqa Muhammad Baqir Hizar Jaribi
• Muhammad Kazim b. Muhammad Sadiq al-Kashani al-Isfahani
• Sayyid Muhammad Siyushani
• Muhammad b. Yusuf 'Abd al-Latif al-Jami'i al-'Amili
• Masih b. Muhammad Sa'id al-Razi al-Tihrani
• Sayyid Mahdi al-Qazwini al-Hilli
• Shaykh Mahdi Mulla Kitab al-Najafi
• Muhammad Mahdi b. Muhammad Ibrahim al-Kalbasi
• Muhammad Nasir b. Ahmad al-Naraqi
• 'Abd al-Ghani (a commentary on the problem of the order of forgotten prayers)

Publications

The book has been widely published in Iran, Egypt, and Iraq. The best print of the book is the one by Jami'a al-Najaf al-Diniyya, edited by Sayyid Muhammad al-Kalantar. The first print was in 1386/1966-7 and it was reprinted in 1398/1977-8 in 10 volumes.