Intention of staying ten days

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Intention of staying ten days (Arabic: قصد الإقامة) is an intention made by a traveler. A traveler who makes such an intention should perform prayers in complete form and his fasts are correct. Rules of intention of staying ten days are mentioned in manual of Islamic law.

Meaning

The intention of a traveler for staying ten complete days in a place are called the intention of staying.[1] For the intention of staying and its rulings, there is no need to make a special intention; rather, the traveler's certainty of staying for ten days is sufficient.[2] It is not necessary either that his staying in that place is voluntary and if he knows that he would stay in a place inevitably, the intention of staying is made and related rules are applicable.[3]

Meaning of Ten Days

By ten days, ten consecutive days and their nights is meant, not ten days and nine nights. Therefore, a person who intends to stay in a place from the first day until the end of the tenth day, can make the intention of staying.[4] A person who has not made the intention of staying can make the intention of staying from the middle of the day for example at noon, and doing so, he has to make the intention to stay until the noon of the eleventh day to make ten complete days.[5]

Rules

Some of the rules regarding the intention of staying according to manual of Islamic law are as below:

  • A traveler who makes the intention to stay in a place has to perform his prayers in complete form there[6] and his fasts would be correct as well.[7]
  • A person who makes the intention to stay in a place, should perform the prayers in complete form only if he wants to stay in one place all the ten days, not that he intends to go to another city and come back during that time.[8]
  • The intention of staying should be definite; meaning that if for example a traveler intends to stay ten days in a place provided that he finds a good one, has to perform al-qasr prayer (shortened prayer).[9]

Withdrawing from the Intention of Staying

A person who has made the intention of staying for ten days and then has withdrawn from his intention or has become doubtful to stay in that place, has to perform his prayer in short form and cannot fast. But, if after performing one four-rak'a prayer, he withdraws from his intention or becomes doubtful, he has to perform his prayers in complete form and his fasts would be correct as long as he is there.[10]

Intention of Staying in Bilad Kabira

Main article: Bilad Kabira

Bilad kabira is a term in jurisprudence referring to cities which are unusually larger than other cities.[11] There is a disagreement among jurists regarding the intention of staying in bilad kabira. Most jurists believe that the intention of staying in bilad kabira includes the whole region which is considered one city.[12] But, according to some religious authorities, including Imam Khomeini, in bilad kabira, the intention of staying is valid only for the locality the person has made the intention to stay for ten days or more.[13]

Notes

  1. ↑ Najafī, Jawāhir al-kalām, vol. 14, p. 303.
  2. ↑ Najafī, Jawāhir al-kalām, vol. 14, p. 303.
  3. ↑ Banī Hāshimī Khomeinī, Tawḍīḥ al-masāʾil-i marajiʿ, vol. 1, p. 914.
  4. ↑ Ṭabāṭabāʾī Yazdī, al-ʿUrwat al-wuthqā, vol. 2, p. 144.
  5. ↑ Ṭabāṭabāʾī Yazdī, al-ʿUrwat al-wuthqā, vol. 2, p. 144.
  6. ↑ Banī Hāshimī Khomeinī, Tawḍīḥ al-masāʾil-i marajiʿ, vol. 1, p. 914.
  7. ↑ Banī Hāshimī Khomeinī, Tawḍīḥ al-masāʾil-i marajiʿ, vol. 1, p. 1195.
  8. ↑ Banī Hāshimī Khomeinī, Tawḍīḥ al-masāʾil-i marajiʿ, vol. 1, p. 915, 916.
  9. ↑ Banī Hāshimī Khomeinī, Tawḍīḥ al-masāʾil-i marajiʿ, vol. 1, p. 918.
  10. ↑ Traveler's Prayer
  11. ↑ Shāhrūdī, Farhang-i fiqh, vol. 2, p. 126.
  12. ↑ Najafī, Jawāhir al-kalām, vol. 14, p. 307, 308.
  13. ↑ Khomeinī, Istiftāʾāt, p. 213.

References

  • Banī Hāshimī Khomeinī, Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥasan. Tawḍīḥ al-masāʾil-i marajiʿ. 8th edition. Qom: Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1392 AH.
  • Khomeinī, Sayyid Rūḥ Allāh. Istiftāʾāt. 5th edition. Qom: Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1422 AH.
  • Shāhrūdī, Sayyid Maḥmūd. Farhang-i fiqh muṭābiq bā madhhab-i Ahl al-Bayt (a). 1st edition. Qom: Muʾassisat Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif al-Fiqh al-Islāmī, 1392 AH.
  • Najafī, Muḥammad al-Ḥasan al-. Jawāhir al-kalām fī sharḥ sharāʾiʿ al-Islām. 7th edition. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, [n.d].
  • Ṭabāṭabāʾī Yazdī, Muḥammad Kāẓim al-. Al-ʿUrwat al-wuthqā. Edited by Aḥmad Muḥsinī Sabziwārī. 1st edition. Qom: Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1419 AH.
  • Traveler's Prayer (Persian). Accessed: 2024/12/17.
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