Madyan (Arabic: مَدْیَنَ) was the living town of Madyan tribe[1], for guiding whom Prophet Shu'ayb (a) was chosen[2].
| Coordinate | 24°30′13″N 39°36′43″E / 24.50361°N 39.61194°E |
|---|---|
| Feature | The living town of Madyan tribe |
| Country | Jordan or Saudi Arabia |
| Race | Arab |
This city is considered to be a developed and green town[3], on the east coast of the Gulf of Aqaba[4]. This city was near Tabuk region[5], near the city of Lot nation[6]. Al-Shaykh al-Saduq considered Madyan a small village which had no more than forty houses[7].
Some researchers considered this city among the cities of Syria[8]; and considered it possible that the present city of Ma'an in Jordan[9] is built over it[10]. Some others believe that Madyan was in the present Saudi Arabia[11].
God chose Prophet Shu'ayb (a) for Madyan nation in the city of Madyan[12]. After escaping from Egypt, Prophet Moses (a) went to Madyan and was a shepherd for Shu'ayb's (a) sheep for several years[13]. Residents of this city are considered to be from Arab race[14].
The word "Madyan" is mentioned ten times in the Qur'an[15], some cases of which refer to the city of Madyan[16] .
In this city, the people of Madyan lived and the name of the city was adopted from them[17]. There are different views about the ancestor of Madyan tribe and they are considered from the lineage of Madyan b. Abraham (a)[18] or Prophet Isma'il (a)[19].
Notes
- ↑ Yaqut Hamawi, Mu'jam al-buldan, vol. 5, p. 77.
- ↑ Qur'an 7: 85.
- ↑ Dehkhoda Dictionary, under the word Madyan.
- ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir nimuna, vol. 9, p. 200.
- ↑ Yaqut Hamawi, Mu'jam al-buldan, vol. 1, p. 291.
- ↑ Ibn al-Kathir, al-Bidaya wa al-nihaya, vol. 1, p. 184.
- ↑ Al-Shaykh al-Saduq, Kamal al-din, vol. 1, p. 220.
- ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir nimuna, vol. 6, p. 249.
- ↑ Qurashi, Qamus al-Qur'an, vol. 6, p. 245.
- ↑ Balaghi, Hujjat al-tafasir, vol. 1, p. 267.
- ↑ Dehkhoda Dictionary, under the word Madyan.
- ↑ Qur'an 7: 85.
- ↑ Tayyib, Atyab al-bayan, vol. 9, p. 32.
- ↑ Balaghi, Hujjat al-tafasir, p. 267.
- ↑ Qurashi, Qamus al-Qur'an, vol. 6, p. 245.
- ↑ For instance, see: Qur'an 11:84.
- ↑ Yaqut al-Hamawi, Mu'jam al-buldan, vol. 5, p. 77.
- ↑ Ibn al-Kathir, al-Kamil, vol. 1, p. 158.
- ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Tafsir nimuna, vol. 9, p. 200.
References
- Shaykh al-Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. Kamal al-din wa tamam al-ni'ma. Edited by Ali Akbar Ghaffari. Second edition. Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyah, 1395 AH.
- Athīr, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad al-. Al-Kāmil. Beirut: Dar Sadir, 1965.
- Balāghī , Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥujjat. Ḥujjat al-tafasīr wa balāgh al-iksīr. Qom: Hikmat Publications, 1386 AH.
- Dehkhoda, ʾAlī Akbar. Dehkhodā Dictionary.
- Ibn Kathīr al-Dimashqī, Ismaʾīl b. ʾUmar. Al-Bidāya wa al-nihāya. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1407 AH.
- Makārim Shīrāzī, Nāṣir. Tafsīr nimuna. First edition. Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyah, 1374 Sh.
- Muṣtafawī, Ḥasan. Al-Taḥqīq fī kalamat al-Qurʿān al-karīm. Tehran: The Institute for Translation and Publication, 1360 Sh.
- Qurashī, Sayyid ʿAlī Akbar. Qāmūs-i Qur'an. Sixth edition. Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyah, 1371 Sh.
- Ṭayyib, Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn. Atyab al-bayan fi tafsir al-Qur'an. Second edition. Tehran: Islam Publications, 1378 Sh.
- Yaqūt al-Ḥamawī, Shihāb al-Dīn. Muʿjam al-Buldan. Second edition. Beirut: Dar Sadir, 1995.