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Rahmatun li-l-Alamin (title)

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Rahmatun li-l-Alamin in Nasta'liq script, one of the principal Persian calligraphy styles, by Ali Farzana

Raḥmatun li-l-ʿĀlamīn (Arabic:رَحمةٌ لِلعالَمین; lit. Mercy to the Worlds) is a title of Prophet Muhammad (s), the Messenger of Islam, which appears in Qur'an 21:107. The term "mercy" for Prophet Muhammad (s) is also used in other verses, such as Qur'an 9:128 and Qur'an 3:159. Nabi al-Rahma (The Prophet of Mercy) is another title of the Prophet (s) derived from this Quranic expression.[1]

The expression Rahmatun li-l-'Alamin is also used in the hadiths transmitted from the Imams of the Shia regarding the Prophet (s). For instance, it appears in the Basa'ir al-darajat,[2] and in the Tafsir al-Furat al-Kufi, narrated from Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a).[3] Additionally, there is a hadith from Imam al-Baqir (a), who used this expression in his Friday sermon,[4] as well as a hadith from Imam al-Kazim (a)[5] and another attributed to the Prophet (s) himself.[6]

Shia and Sunni Quranic exegetes have provided three interpretations for the concept of the Prophet (s) being a mercy (Rahma). These are: the global and eternal nature of his mission, securing the happiness and good fate for all people, and the prevention of divine punishment.[7] According to the exegetes, the punishment referred to here is the punishment of complete annihilation, which eradicates an entire nation.[8] Mulla Fath Allah al-Kashani has derived this meaning from Qur'an 8:33, where God tells the Prophet (s) that as long as he is among the people, God will not punish them.[9] Fayd al-Kashani, in his Tafsir al-safi, also considers being protected from being swallowed (khasf) by the earth, metamorphosis (maskh), and destruction by complete annihilation as examples of this mercy.[10]

See Also

Notes

  1. ↑ Hāshimī Shāh Qubādī, Barrasi-yi mafhūm-i Raḥmatun li-l-ʿĀlamīn dar Sīra-yi Nabawī, p. 39.
  2. ↑ Ṣaffār, Baṣāʾir al-darajāt, vol. 1, p. 381.
  3. ↑ Furāt al-Kūfī, Tafsīr furāt al-kūfī, p. 197.
  4. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 3, p. 422.
  5. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 4, p. 148.
  6. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 6, p. 395.
  7. ↑ Ghaḍanfārī & Zāriʿī, Raḥmatun li-l-ʿĀlamīn būdan-i Payāmbar (s) dar Qurʾān, p. 70.
  8. ↑ Abū l-Futūḥ al-Rāzī, Rawḍ al-jinān, vol. 13, p. 289; Kāshānī, Manhaj al-ṣādiqīn, vol. 6, p. 117.
  9. ↑ Kāshānī, Manhaj al-ṣādiqīn, vol. 6, p. 117.
  10. ↑ Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, Tafsīr al-Ṣāfī, vol. 3, p. 358.

References

  • Abū l-Futūḥ al-Rāzī, Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī. Rawḍ al-jinān wa rawḥ al-janān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Mashhad: Bunyād-i Pazhūhishhā-yi Islāmī, 1371 Sh.
  • Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, Muḥammad b. al-Murtaḍā al-. Tafsīr al-Ṣāfī. Tehran: Maktabat al-Ṣadr, 1373 Sh.
  • Furāt al-Kūfī, Abu l-Qāsim Furāt b. Ibrāhīm. Tafsīr furāt al-kūfī. Edited by Muḥammad al-Kāẓim. Tehran: Sāzmān-i Chāp wa Intishārāt-i Wizārat-i Irshād-i Islāmī, 1410 AH.
  • Ghaḍanfārī, ʿAlī & Zāriʿī, Muṣṭafā. Raḥmatun li-l-ʿĀlamīn būdan-i Payāmbar (s) dar Qurʾān az nigāh-i tafāsīr-i farīqayn. Journal of Muṭālaʿāt-i Taqrībī-yi Madhāhib-i Islāmī. No 41. (1394 Sh).
  • Hāshimī Shāh Qubādī, Sayyid Riḍā. Barrasi-yi mafhūm-i Raḥmatun li-l-ʿĀlamīn dar Sīra-yi Nabawī. Journal of Muṭālaʿāt-i Ahl al-Bayt shināsī. No 1. (1393 Sh).
  • Kāshānī, Mullā Fatḥ Allāh. Manhaj al-ṣādiqīn fī ilzām al-mukhālifīn. Tehran: Islāmīyya, 1378 Sh.
  • Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. Al-Kāfī. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1364 Sh.
  • Ṣaffār, Muḥammad b. Ḥasan. Baṣāʾir al-darajāt fī faḍāʾil Āl Muḥammad. Edited by Muḥsin Kūchabāghī. Qom: Kitābkhāna-yi Āyatullāh al-Marʿashī, 1404 AH.
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