Jawad al-A'imma (Title)

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This article is about title of Imam al-Jawad (a). For the character of Imam (a), see Imam Muhammad b. Ali al-Jawad (a).

Jawād (Arabic: الجَواد) is a widely recognized title of Imam Muhammad al-Taqi (a), the ninth Shi'a Imam.[1] Jawad literally means generous and openhanded.[2]

It is said that the title al-Jawad was bestowed upon the ninth Imam due to his remarkable generosity.[3]According to Baqir Sharif al-Qarashi (d. 1433/2012), a prominent researcher of Shi'a history, as mentioned in his book Hayat al-Imam Muhammad al-Jawad, the Imam earned the title al-Jawad because of his philanthropic character and generosity such that his acts of benevolence set him apart from others.[4] Hafiz 'Abd al-'Aziz, a Hanbali historian, jurist, and scholar of hadith, as quoted in Kashf al-ghumma fi ma'rifat al-a'imma, also acknowledges that Imam Muhammad al-Taqi is referred to as al-Jawad.[5] Furthermore, in the al-Tawassul Supplication, the Imam is addressed as al-Jawad:[6]

Muhammad Husayn Gharawi Isfahani, the Shi'a poet and mujtahid, composed a poem about the generosity of the ninth Imam, which translates as follows:

He is generous without limits

His existence is the ultimate end

He is generous with his expanding existence

His existence is the manifestation of the Creator’s generosity

He is purely generous without an end

He is the origin and the end

Everything in being is an emanation of his generosity

And generosity is like an essential character in his existence[7]

See Also

Notes

  1. ↑ Shūshtarī, Iḥqāq al-ḥaqq wa izhāq al-bāṭil, vol. 29, p. 7.
  2. ↑ Fīrūz Ābādī, al-Qāmūs al-muḥiṭ, vol. 4, p. 341.
  3. ↑ Dhahabī, Tārīkh al-Islām, vol. 15, p. 385.
  4. ↑ Qarashī, Ḥayāt al-Imām Muḥammad al-Jawād, p. 23.
  5. ↑ Irbilī, Kashf al-ghumma, vol. 3, p. 137.
  6. ↑ Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 102, p. 249.
  7. ↑ Gharawī, al-Anwār al-Qudsīyya, p. 104.

References

  • Rūzbahān, Faḍl Allāh. Wsīlat al-khādim ilā al-makhdūm: dar sharḥ ṣalawāt chāhārdah maʿṣūm. Edited by Rasūl Jaʿfarīyān. Qom: Muʾassisat Anṣārīyān, 1375 Sh.
  • Irbilī, ʿAlī b. ʿIsā al-. Kashf al-ghumma fī maʿrifat al-aʾimma. Beirut: Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, 1405 AH.
  • Dhahabī, Muḥammad b. al-Aḥmad al-. Tārīkh al-Islām. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, 1407 AH.
  • Gharawī, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Al-Anwār al-Qudsīyya. [n.p]: Muʾassisa al-Maʿārif al-Islāmiyya, [n.d].
  • Fīrūz Ābādī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb. Al-Qāmūs al-muḥiṭ. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1415 AH.
  • Qarashī, Bāqir Sharīf al-. Ḥayāt al-Imām Muḥammad al-Jawād. Second edition. N.p: Amīr, 1418 AH.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār. Beirut: Muʾassisa al-Wafaʾ, 1403 AH.
  • Shūshtarī, Nūr Allāh al-Ḥusaynī al-. Iḥqāq al-ḥaqq wa izhāq al-bāṭil. Edited by Marʿashī al-Najafī. Qom: Kitābkhāna-yi Āyatollāh Marʿashī al-Najafī, 1409 AH.
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