Titles of Lady Fatima (a)
Titles of Lady Fatima (a) are epithets and teknonyms which are mentioned for Lady Fatima (a) in narrations and Ziyarah Texts. Al-Batul and Sayyidat Nisa' al-'Alamin are well-known among her epithets and Umm Abiha is her most well-known teknonym.
Names
The name "Fatima" is derived from the infinitive "F-Ṭ-M" (Arabic: ف-ط-م) meaning "to separate, to cut something from another." Several reasons have been mentioned for naming Lady Fatima (a) with this name including the narration, in which the Prophet (s) said, "God named her Fatima, because He separated and kept her and her lovers (and in another hadith: "her followers") away from fire." It is narrated from Imam al-Sadiq (a) that, "she (a) was named Fatima because she (a) was kept away from evil."[1]
It was narrated from Imam al-Sadiq (a) that, "Fatima (a) has nine names before God: Fatima, al-Siddiqa, al-Mubaraka, al-Tahira, al-Zakiyya, al-Radiya, al-Mardiyya, al-Muhaddatha and al-Zahra'."[2] It seems that "names" in this hadith includes both names and epithets."
Titles
In hadith references, different epithets have been mentioned for Lady Fatima (a):[3]
| Title | Meaning |
|---|---|
| al-Zahra' (الزهراء) | luminous, bright |
| al-'Adhra' (العذراء) | chaste |
| al-Ma'suma (المعصومة) | infallible |
| al-Hawra' al-Insiyya (الحوراء الانسیة) | an angel in the form of human |
| Hurra (الحُرّة) | free |
| al-Mubaraka (المبارکة) | blessed |
| al-Batul (البتول) | separated from anything other than God; a woman who does not have menstruation. |
| al-Tahira (الطاهرة) | pure |
| al-Ḥaṣān (الحصان) | chaste |
| al-Zakiyya (الزکیّة) | pure (from vices) |
| Maryam al-Kubra (مریم الکبری) | the great Maryam |
| al-Radiya (الراضیة) | content (with God's will) |
| al-Siddiqa (الصدّیقة) | very truthful |
| al-Marziyya (المرضیّة) | whom God is content with |
| al-Nuriyya (النوریّة) | luminous |
| al-Radiyya (الرضیّة) | whom others are content with |
| al-Samawiyya (السماویّة) | heavenly |
| Sayyidat Nisa' al-'Alamin (سیدة نساء العالمین) | lady of the women of the world |
| al-Haniya (الحانیة) | very merciful |
| al-Mansura (المنصورة) | assisted |
| al-Muhaddatha (المحدّثَة) | spoken with (by angels) |
| al-Zahida (الزاهدة) | ascetic |
| al-Tayyiba (الطیّبة) | pure, good |
| al-Taqiyya (التقیّة) | pious |
| al-Barra (البَرَّة) | good-doer |
| al-Mutahhara (المطهَّرَة) | purified |
| al-Shahīda (الشهیدة) | martyred |
| al-Sadiqa (الصادقة) | truthful |
| al-Rashida (الرشیدة) | mature, sensible and wise |
| al-Fadila (الفاضلة) | virtuous |
| al-Naqiyya (النقیة) | pure and genuine |
| al-'Alima (العلیمة) | knowledgeable |
| al-Gharra' (الغرّاء) | noble, honorable |
| al-Mahdiyya (المهدیّة) | guided |
| al-Safiyya (الصفیّة) | pure, clean |
| al-'Abida (العابدة) | worshipper |
| al-Mutahajjida (المُتَهجِّدة) | who practices vigils |
| al-Qanita (القانتة) | always worshipping God |
In some recent sources, other epithets have been mentioned for Lady Fatima (a) including:
Sayyida, Musalliya, Qa'ima, Shāhida, Sa'ima, Waliyya, Zakiya, Salima, Halima, Habiba, Jamila, Hafifa, Saliha, Musliha, Sabiha, Muhammada, Nasiba, Majida, Sharifa, Mukarrama, 'Alima, Fatiha, Mun'ima, Da'iya, Mu'allima, Shafi'a, Mushfiqa, Jahida, Nasiha, Mutahajjida, Raqiya, Nasiya, Hadira, Wafiya[4]
Teknonyms
Ibn Shahr Ashub has mentioned some teknonyms for Lady Fatima (a) in his al-Manaqib:[5]
- Umm Abiha (أم أبیها)
- Umm al-'A'imma (أم الأئمة)
- Umm al-Hasan (أم الحسن)
- Umm al-Husayn (أم الحسین)
- Umm al-Muhsin (أم المحسن)
Notes
- ↑ Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib, vol. 3, p. 330; Irbilī, Kashf al-ghumma, vol. 1, 439.
- ↑ Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 43, p. 10.
- ↑ Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib, vol. 3, p. 357; Sayyid b. Ṭāwūs, Iqbāl al-a'māl, p. 112.
- ↑ Anṣārī, al-Mawsūʿat al-kubrā ʿan Fāṭimat al-Zahrāʾ, vol. 18, p. 346.
- ↑ Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib, vol. 3, p. 357.
References
- Anṣārī, Ismāʿīl al-. Al-Mawsūʿat al-kubrā ʿan Fāṭimat al-Zahrāʾ. Qom: Dalīl-i Mā, 1428 AH.
- Ibn Shahrāshūb, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib. Edited by Ḥāshim Rasūlī. Qom: Nashr-i ʿAllāma, 1379 Sh.
- Irbilī, ʿAlī b. 'Īsā al-. Kashf al-ghumma fī maʿrifat al-aʾimma. Qom: Raḍī, 1421 AH.
- Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār al-jāmiʿa li-durar akhbār al-aʾimmat al-aṭhār. Second edition. Tehran: Islāmīyya, 1363 Sh.
- Sayyid b. Ṭāwūs, ʿAlī b. Mūsā al-. Iqbāl al-aʿmāl. Edited by Ḥusayn al-Aʿlamī. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1417 AH.
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