wikishia:Featured articles/2024/50
Khuṭba Fadakīyya or Khuṭba Lumma is a sermon delivered by Lady Fatima (a) in the Mosque of the Prophet (s) in protest against the usurpation of Fadak. After assuming the caliphate, Abu Bakr, attributing a hadith to the Prophet (s), stating that prophets do not leave an inheritance, confiscated the village of Fadak, which the Prophet (s) had gifted to Fatima (a), in favor of the caliphate. After her appeals proved futile, Fatima (a) went to the Prophet's mosque and delivered a sermon, later known as the Fadakiyya Sermon. In this sermon, she asserted her ownership of Fadak, defended Ali's (a) right to the caliphate, and criticized the Muslims for their silence in the face of the injustice done to the Ahl al-Bayt (a).
The Fadakiyya Sermon encompasses a collection of teachings on topics such as theology, eschatology, the prophethood and mission of the Prophet (s), the greatness of the Quran, the philosophy of religious rulings, and wilaya.
The text of this sermon has been cited in both Shia and Sunni sources. Several Shia scholars and jurists, including Sayyid' Izz al-Din Husayni Zanjani, Hussein-Ali Muntazeri, Mujtaba Tihrani, Nasir Makarim Shirazi, Khalil Kamarei, and Muhammad Taqi Misbah Yazdi, have written commentaries on this sermon.
The Fadakiyya Sermon outlines Fatima's (a) political positions against the ruling system and criticizes those who seized Fadak and the caliphate. In this sermon, emphasis is placed on fostering unity within the Islamic community and avoiding division and discord under the acceptance of the imamate and guardianship of the Ahl al-Bayt (a). Due to its inclusion of teachings on monotheism, the hereafter, prophethood, the mission of the Prophet (s), the greatness of the Quran, the philosophy of religious laws, and guardianship, this sermon is regarded as one of the most valuable religious legacies of Fatima (a).
The Fadakiyya Sermon is also regarded as comparable to the sermons of Imam Ali (a) in terms of eloquence, rhetorical mastery, and the use of well-known logical principles in the art of speech. For this reason, Ibn Tayfur included it in his book " Balaghat al-nisa'", categorizing it among the speeches distinguished by eloquence and rhetoric........
Other featured articles: Malik al-Ashtar – Shafa'a – Usurpation of Fadak