Abu Hudhayfa
| Personal Information | |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Qays b. 'Utba b. Rabi' b. 'Abd Shams b. 'Abd Manaf |
| Teknonym | Abu Hudhayfa |
| Lineage | Quraysh |
| Well-Known Relatives | Hind bt. 'Utba |
| Muhajir/Ansar | Muhajir |
| Place(s) of Residence | Mecca, Abyssinia, Medina |
| Death/Martyrdom | 12/633-4 |
| Cause of Death/Martyrdom | In the Battle of Yamama |
| Religious Information | |
| Migration to | Abyssinia and Medina |
| Known for | Among the first Muslims and the first Muhajirun to Medina |
Qays b. ʿUtba b. Rabīʿa b. ʿAbd Shams b. ʿAbd Manāf, (Arabic: قیس بن عُتبَة بن رَبیعَة بن عَبد شَمس بن عَبد مَناف) well-known as Abū Ḥudhayfa (d. 12/633-4 ) was one of the great companions and early Muslims, one of the people who migrated to Abyssinia and Medina and participated in the majority of ghazwas and Saryyas and was killed in the Battle of Yamama.
Name
There are different opinions about his name. Ibn Sa'd believed his name was Hushaym,[1] whereas Ibn Hisham has called him Mihsham.[2] Also, Khalifa b. al-Khayyat stated it to be Hisham,[3] while others believe it to be Hashim.[4] Al-Suhayli has reminded that Abu Hudhayfa's name is Qays and Mihsham is someone else who is an offspring of a person by the name of Mughira b. 'Abd Allah b. 'Umar b. al-Makhzum.[5] His mother is Fatima, daughter of Safwan b. Umayya al-Kinani.[6]
Ibn sa'd has stated his death to be at the age of 53 or 54,[7] but Ibn Hajar believed it to be 56.[8]
Conversion to Islam
He converted to Islam before the Prophet (s) had gone to Arqam's home to preach Islam.[9] His sister Hind, Abu Sufyan's wife, blamed him by two odious verses of poem.[10]
Migration to Abyssinia
He migrated to Abyssinia, along with his wife, Suhayl b. 'Amr's daughter, and his son, Muhammad, was born there.[11] According to what is implied from Ibn Sa'd's words, Abu Hudhayfa had migrated to Abyssinia twice.[12] Ibn al-Kalbi[13] and al-Baladhuri[14] have verified this claim. After the rumor stating that infidels of Mecca had become Muslims was spread, some of emigrants came back to Mecca. When they were notified of its falsehood, either they hid themselves or were sheltered by great masters of infidels.[15] Meanwhile, Abu Hudhayfa was protected by Umayya b. Khalaf.[16]
Migration to Medina
He was one of the first people migrating to Medina. He settled along with Salim,[17] his Mawla and adopted son, in 'Abbad b. Bishr's house. The Prophet (s) called Abu Hudhayfa and 'Abbad brothers.[18](by making Pact of Brotherhood among them)
Participation in Wars
Abu Hudhayfa was present in Badr, Uhud, Khandaq, Hudaybiyya, and other wars.[19] Moreover, we are aware of his presence in some saraya, like a sariyya commanded by Hamza b. 'Abd al-Muttalib which happened seven months after migration to Medina,[20]a sariyya commanded by 'Abd Allah b. Jahsh,[21]and the sariyya of Qatan commended by Abu Salama[22]. One record reported that he participated in his own father's murder by a strike in the battle of Badr[23], but most historians said 'Utba b. Rabi'a's murder was by Hamza or Hamza and 'Ali (a)[24].
Muhammad: Abu Hudhayfa's Offspring
After Abu Hudhayfa's death, Uthman took the responsibility of his son, Muhammad's, life expenses. However, when Uthman was besieged by people, Muhammad was one of those who rebelled against him and encouraged the people of Egypt to stand up against him. After Uthman's murder, he fled to Syria and was murdered by Rashidin, Mu'awiya's slave.[25]
Notes
- ↑ Ibn Sa'd, 'al-Tabaqat al-kubra, Vol. 3, P.84.
- ↑ Ibn Hisham, al-Sirat al-nabawiyya, Vol.1, P.277.
- ↑ Ibn Hisham, al-Sirat al-nabawiyya, Vol.1, P.28.
- ↑ Ibn 'Abd al-Barr, al-Isti'ab, Vol.4, P.1631; Ibn Hajar, al-Asaba, Vol.4, P.42.
- ↑ See: Al-Suhayli, al-Rawd al-unuf, Vol.3, P.33; Ibn Hazm, Jawami' al-sirat al-nabawiyya, P.88.
- ↑ Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat al-kubra, Vol.3, P.84; to see other opinions see: Khalifa, al-Tabaqat, Vol.1, P.28.
- ↑ Ibn Sa'd, 'al-Tabaqat al-kubra, Vol. 3, P.85.
- ↑ 'Asqalani, al-Asaba fi tamyiz al-sahaba, Vol.4, P.43..
- ↑ Khalifa, al-Tabaqat, Vol.1, P.28.
- ↑ bn Ishaq, Sirat(of the Prophet), P.210.
- ↑ Ibn Ishaq, Sirat(of the Prophet), P. 156, 205.
- ↑ Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat al-kubra, Vol.3, P.84.
- ↑ Ibn al-Kalbi, Jamharat al-nasab, vol.1, P.200.
- ↑ Baladhuri, Ansab al-ashraf, Vol.3, P.199.
- ↑ Tabari, Tarikh al-rusul, Vol.2, P.340.
- ↑ Baladhuri, Ansab al-ashraf, Vol.3, P.227.
- ↑ Ibn Hisham, al-Sirat al-nabawiyya, Vol.2, P.123.
- ↑ Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat al-kubra, Vol.3, P.84.
- ↑ Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat al-kubra, Vol.3, P,84; Ibn 'Abd al-Barr,al-Isti'ab, Vol.4, P.1631.
- ↑ Waqidi,al-Maghazi, Vol.1, P.9.
- ↑ Waqidi,al-Maghazi, Vol.1, P.19.
- ↑ Waqidi,al-Maghazi, Vol.1, P.345.
- ↑ Waqidi,al-Maghazi, Vol.1, P.70.
- ↑ see Ansab al-ashraf, Vol.1, P.151; Al-Zirikli, Al-a'lam, Vol.4, P.200
- ↑ Ibn al-Kalbi, Jamharat al-nasab, Vol.1, P.200.
References
- The material for this article is mainly taken from ابوحذیفه in Farsi Wikishia.* Ibn al-Athir, al-Kamil.
- Ibn Ishaq, Muhammad, Sirat(of the Prophet). Konya: 1981
- Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani, Ahmad b. 'Ali, al-Asaba fi tamyiz al-sahaba. Cairo: 1328
- Ibn Hazm, 'Ali b. Ahmad, Jawami' al-sirat al-nabawiyya. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya
- Ibn Sa'd, Muhammad, al-Tabaqat al-kubra. Beirut: Dar Sadir
- Ibn 'Abd al-Barr, Yusuf b. 'Abd Allah, al-Isti'ab fi ma'rifat al-ashab. Cairo: 1960
- Ibn al-Kalbi, Hisham al-Din Muhammad, Jamharat al-nasab. Kuwait: 1402
- Ibn Hisham, 'Abd al-Malik, al-Sirat al-nabawiyya. Cairo: 1936
- Baladhuri, Ahmad b. Yahya, Ansab al-ashraf. Beirut: 1978
- Khalifa b. al-Khayyat, al-Tabaqat. Damascus: 1966
- Suhayli, 'Abd al-Rahman, al-Rawd al-unuf. Cairo: 1969
- Tabari, Muhammad b. Jarir, al-Tarikh al-rusul wa al-muluk. Istanbul: 1981
- Waqidi, Muhammad b. 'umar, al-Maghazi. London: 1966