Draft:Manahi al-Nabi
| Subject | Ethical, Social |
|---|---|
| Issued by | Prophet of Islam (s) |
| Main narrator | Imam al-Sadiq (a) |
| Shi'a sources | Man la yahduruhu l-faqih, al-Amali |
Manāhī al-Nabī is a narration from Imam al-Sadiq (a) that comprises a collection of ethical and social instructions from the Prophet (s). Its content includes prohibitions of certain disapproved behaviors, such as:
- Eating and drinking while in a state of Janaba, biting nails with teeth, backbiting, and listening to it.
- Drinking alcohol, buying, selling, or serving as a cupbearer for it, usury, and selling without a guarantee.
- Entering a mosque with a weapon and delaying the payment of a laborer's wages.
It also contains ethical recommendations such as brushing teeth, respecting neighbors, kind treatment of religious brothers, and observing animal rights and avoiding cruelty toward them.[1]
The narration of Manahi al-Nabi (s) is considered weak and unreliable in terms of its chain of transmission (sanad). It is noted that biographers such as al-Shaykh al-Tusi and al-Najashi did not refer to it,[2] and its narrators are not recognized in biographical (rijal) sources.[3] This issue places the narration among unknown and weak hadiths regarding its transmission chain.
Nevertheless, the ethical and jurisprudential themes present in the narration appear in other scattered and authentic hadiths, although such an arrangement and compilation in its current form is not found among Shi'a and Sunni traditionists.[citation needed]
The narration of Manahi al-Nabi (s), although cited by al-Shaykh al-Saduq in two books, al-Amali and Man la yahduruhu l-faqih, with a common chain of transmission,[4] biographical analysis by specialists shows that its reliability is very weak. Several unknown or problematic narrators exist in the chain of this narration:
- Shu'ayb b. Waqid: Whose name is not mentioned in any Shi'a biographical sources.
- Hamza b. Muhammad: He was from the Zaydi Sayyids and is not mentioned in biographical sources.[5]
- Abd al-Aziz al-Abhari: An unknown figure.
- Husayn b. Zayd (son of Zayd the Martyr): He was raised by Imam al-Sadiq (a), but this relationship is not proof of his reliability (tawthiq).
- Muhammad b. Zakariyya al-Ghalabi: If he is the same Basri individual, he is explicitly introduced in Sunni sources as a fabricator of hadith and a narrator of forged hadiths (quoted from al-Daraqutni by Ibn al-Jawzi).
Some have attributed the narration to Husayn b. Zayd, but al-Shaykh al-Saduq explicitly states that he narrated it from Shu'ayb b. Waqid and mentions his chain reaching him in his Mashyakha.[6]
Notes
- ↑ al-Shaykh al-Ṣadūq, Man lā yaḥḍuruhu l-faqīh, 1413 AH, vol. 4, p. 3, chap. dhikr jumal min manāhī al-Nabī (s); al-Shaykh al-Ṣadūq, al-Amālī, 1376 SH, p. 422, al-majlis al-sādis wa l-sittūn.
- ↑ See: al-Ṭūsī, al-Istibṣār, 1406 AH-1985 CE; al-Ṭūsī, Tahdhīb al-aḥkām, 1407 AH.
- ↑ See: al-Ṭūsī, Ikhtiyār maʿrifat al-rijāl, 1348 SH; al-Ṭūsī, al-Fihrist, 1417 AH; al-Ṭūsī, Rijāl al-Ṭūsī, 1415 AH; al-Najāshī, Rijāl al-Najāshī, 1424 AH.
- ↑ al-Shaykh al-Ṣadūq, Man lā yaḥḍuruhu l-faqīh, 1413 AH, vol. 4, p. 3, chap. dhikr jumal min manāhī al-Nabī (s); al-Shaykh al-Ṣadūq, al-Amālī, 1376 SH, p. 422, al-majlis al-sādis wa l-sittūn.
- ↑ See: al-Ṭūsī, Ikhtiyār maʿrifat al-rijāl, 1348 SH; al-Ṭūsī, al-Fihrist, 1417 AH; al-Ṭūsī, Rijāl al-Ṭūsī, 1415 AH; al-Najāshī, Rijāl al-Najāshī, 1424 AH.
- ↑ al-Khūʾī, Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth, Muʾassasat al-Imām al-Khūʾī al-Islāmiyya, vol. 9, p. 34.
References
- Ibn al-Jawzī, Jamāl al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. al-Mawḍūʿāt. Edited with an introduction by ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Muḥammad ʿUthmān. Medina: al-Maktaba al-Salafiyya bi-l-Madīna al-Munawwara, 1st ed., 1386 AH-1966 CE.
- al-Khūʾī, Sayyid Abū l-Qāsim. Muʿjam rijāl al-ḥadīth wa tafṣīl ṭabaqātuh. Najaf: Muʾassasat al-Imām al-Khūʾī al-Islāmiyya, n.d.
- al-Shaykh al-Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. Amālī al-Shaykh al-Ṣadūq. Edited and translated by Muḥammad Bāqir Kamaraʾī. Tehran: Nashr-i Kitabchi, 1376 SH.
- al-Shaykh al-Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. Man lā yaḥḍuruhu l-faqīh. Edited and corrected by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Qom: Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1413 AH.
- al-Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan. Ikhtiyār maʿrifat al-rijāl al-maʿrūf bi-Rijāl al-Kashshī. Edited and corrected with an introduction by Ḥasan al-Muṣṭafawī. Mashhad: University of Mashhad, 1348 SH.
- al-Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan. al-Istibṣār fī mā khtulifa min al-akhbār. Edited and corrected by Sayyid Ḥasan al-Mūsawī al-Kharsān. Beirut-Lebanon: Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, 1406 AH-1985 CE.
- al-Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan. al-Fihrist. Edited by Shaykh Jawād al-Qayyūmī. Qom: Muʾassasa-yi Nashr-i Islāmī, 1st ed., 1417 AH.
- al-Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan. Tahdhīb al-aḥkām. Edited and corrected by Sayyid Ḥasan al-Mūsawī al-Kharsān. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1407 AH.
- al-Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan. Rijāl al-Ṭūsī. Edited by Jawād al-Qayyūmī. Qom: Muʾassasa-yi Nashr-i Islāmī, 1st ed., 1415 AH.
- al-Najāshī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. Rijāl al-Najāshī. Edited by Sayyid Mūsā Shubayrī Zanjānī. Qom: Muʾassasa-yi Nashr-i Islāmī, 7th ed., 1424 AH.