Hadith of Mi'raj

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This article is an introduction to the Hadith of Mi'raj; to read its text see text:Hadith of Mi'raj.
Hadith of Mi'raj
SubjectMoral issues
Issued byHadith Qudsi
Main narratorProphet Muhammad (s)
Shi'a sourcesIrshad al-qulub • Al-Wafi • Al-Jawahir al-saniyya • Bihar al-anwar


Ḥadith of Mirāj (Arabic: حَدیثُ المِعْراج) is a divine hadith which reports a conversation between God and the Prophet (s) during his ascent. Many divine hadiths have been narrated about the Prophet's (s) Mi'raj (ascent). The hadith which is called "Mi'raj" today, is a lengthy hadith which was first mentioned in Irshad al-qulub. Hadith of Mi'raj begins with the Prophet's (s) question from God about the best of actions. In reply, God mentions tawakkul (trust in God) and rida (contentment) and then repeatedly addresses the Prophet (s) about many moral issues including criticism of this world, fasting, silence, loving the needy and characteristics of those who work for the hereafter and worldly people.

Introduction

Ethics

Moral Verses
Ifk Verses • Al-Ukhuwwa Verse • Al-It'am Verse • Al-Naba' Verse • Najwa Verse • Verse of Trusts • Al-Sulh Verse

Moral Hadiths
Hadith of qurb al-nawafil • Hadith Makarim al-akhlaq • Hadith of Mi'raj • Hadith Junud al-'Aql wa l-Jahl

Moral Virtues
Humility • Contentment • Generosity • Controlling Anger • Truthfulness • Hilm (forbearance) • Asceticism • Bravery • Chastity • Insaf (Equity) • Silat al-Rahim • Wara' • Islah dhat al-bayn

Moral Vices
Hubris • Greed • Envy • Lie • Backbiting • Namima (Talebearing) • Miserliness • Disobedience to Parents • 'Ujb (self-conceit) • Sum'a • Cutting blood relation • Spreading grave sins • Ingratitude • Hypocrisy • Tabdhir

Moral Terminologies
Jihad with the self • Self-critical soul • Commanding Soul • Soul at peace • Self-reckoning • Muraqaba • Musharata • Sin • Morality lessons • Istidraj

Scholars of Ethics
Muhammad Mahdi Naraqi • Ahmad al-Naraqi • Sayyid 'Ali Qadi Tabataba'i • Sayyid Rida Baha' al-Dini • Sayyid 'Abd al-Husayn Dastghayb • Muhammad Taqi Bahjat

References of Ethics

Qur'an • Nahj al-balagha • Misbah al-shari'a wa miftah al-haqiqa • Makarim al-Akhlaq • Al-Mahajjat al-bayda' • Tanbih al-khawatir wa nuzhat al-nawazir • Jami' al-sa'adat • Mi'raj al-sa'ada • Al-Muraqabat

Hadith of Mi'raj is a divine hadith in which there is a conversation between God and the Prophet (s) at the night of his ascent. In this conversation, the Prophet (s) asked God questions about moral issues and God answered.[1] Many divine hadiths have been narrated about the Prophet's (s) ascent. The hadith which is called "Mi'raj" today, is a lengthy hadith which was first mentioned in Irshad al-qulub and discussed about many moral issues.[2]

The Event of Mi'raj

Main article: Mi'raj

Mi'raj refers to the ascent of the Prophet (s) from al-Aqsa mosque to skies. According to Islamic sources, in one night, the Prophet (s) went from Mecca to al-Aqsa mosque and from there, he (s) went to skies.[3] The story of Mi'raj is mentioned in Shi'a and Sunni hadiths in frequent ways.[4] The Qur'an too has mentioned it in two suras of Qur'an 17 (al-Isra') and Qur'an 53 (al-Najm).[5]

Content

Hadith of Mi'raj begins with the Prophet's (s) question from God about the best of actions. In reply, God mentions tawakkul (trust in God) and rida (contentment) and then repeatedly addresses the Prophet (s) and mentions different issues. This lengthy hadith can be divided to some parts, at the beginning of each, the Prophet (s) is being addressed. In this hadith, God first addresses the Prophet (s) as "Muhammad" and in later parts, as "Ahmad".[6]

According to Rahiyan-i kuy-i dust, the issues mentioned in this hadith are as follows:

  • Tawakkul (trust in God) and rida (contentment)[7]
  • Divine love and the way to achieve it[8]
  • Characteristics of the friends of God[9]
  • Characteristics of those who enter the paradise and achieve the treasures of hunger and silence.[10]
  • Necessity of caring about daily prayers and understanding the presence of God[11]
  • Not following self-serving desires[12]
  • Criticism of this world and worldly people[13]
  • Twenty characteristics of worldly people[14]
  • Characteristics of those who work for the hereafter[15]
  • Position and knowledge of ascetics[16]
  • The valuable roles of fasting and silence[17]
  • Believers who achieved certainty and entered the paradise of God[18]
  • Characteristics of a pleasant and eternal life[19]
  • Success in divine trial, and especial favors of God[20]
  • Position of worshippers and divine messengers[21]
  • The truth of God's love[22]

Sources

Hadith of Mi'raj was first mentioned in Irshad al-qulub by Hasan b. Muhammad al-Daylami as "the questions of the Prophet (s) from his Lord at the night of Mi'raj".[23] Then, in al-Wafi, al-Fayd al-Kashani, in Al-Jawahir al-saniyya, al-Hurr al-'Amili and in Bihar al-anwar, al-'Allama al-Majlisi cited this hadith from Irshad al-qulub.[24]

Commentaries

Since, hadith of Mi'raj mentioned many moral issues; it has been referred to by some ethical and mystical references, including:

  • Muhammad Taqi Misbah Yazdi's Rahiyan-i kuy-i dust. It is an edited version of the moral lessons of Muhammad Taqi Misbah Yazdi in the seminary of Qom.
  • Sirr al-asra' by Ali Pahlavani Tehrani (Sa'adat parvar).
  • Hadith of Mi'raj, Munajat al-rahman fi laylat al-miraj by Sayyid Muhammad Rida Ghiyathi Kirmani.
For the full text, see text:Hadith of Mi'raj.

Notes

  1. ↑ Daylamī, Irshād al-qulūb, vol. 1, p. 199-206.
  2. ↑ Daylamī, Irshād al-qulūb, vol. 1, p. 199-206.
  3. ↑ Ṭabāṭabāyī, al-Mīzān, vol. 13, p. 8-34; Qummi, Tafsīr al-Qummī, vol. 2, p. 3-12.
  4. ↑ Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ l-bayān, vol. 6, p. 609.
  5. ↑ Qurʾān, 17:1; 53:8-18.
  6. ↑ Daylamī, Irshād al-qulūb, vol. 1, p. 199-206.
  7. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 15.
  8. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 47.
  9. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 57.
  10. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 69.
  11. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 79.
  12. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 115.
  13. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 129.
  14. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 138.
  15. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 145.
  16. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 183.
  17. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 195.
  18. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 207.
  19. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 217.
  20. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 229.
  21. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 243.
  22. ↑ Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst, p. 255.
  23. ↑ Daylamī, Irshād al-qulūb, vol. 1, p. 199.
  24. ↑ Fayḍ Kāshānī, Al-Wāfī, vol. 26, p. 142; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, al-Jawāhir al-sanīyya, p. 382; Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 74, p. 22.

See also

References

  • Daylamī, Ḥasan b. Muḥammad al-. Irshād al-qulūb. Qom: Al-Sharīf al-Raḍī, 1376 Sh.
  • Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Majmaʿ l-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Nāṣirkhusru, 1372 Sh.
  • Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, Muḥammad Taqī. Rāhīyān-i kūy-i dūst. Qom: Intishārāt-i Muʾassisa-yi Āmūzishī wa Pazhūhishī-yi Imām Khomeini, 1379 Sh.
  • Fayḍ Kāshānī, Muḥammad Ḥasan. Al-Wāfī. Isfahan: Kitābkhāna-yi Imām Amīr al-Muʾminīn ʿAlī, 1406 AH.
  • Ḥurr al-ʿAmilī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. Al-Jawāhir al-sanīyya fī aḥādīth al-qudsīyya. Translated by Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn Kāzimī Khalkhālī. Third edition. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Dihqān, 1380 Sh.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār al-jāmiʿa li-durar akhbār al-Aʾimmat al-aṭhār. Second edition. Beirut: Dār Iḥyaʾ l-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.
  • Ṭabāṭabāyī, Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Qom: Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1417 AH.
  • Qummi, ʿAlī b. Ibrāhīm al-. Tafsīr al-Qummī. Edited by Sayyid Ṭayyib Mūsawī Jazāʾirī. Second edition. Qom: Dār al-Kitāb, 1367 Sh.
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