Hammalat al-hatab

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Ḥammālat al-ḥaṭab (Arabic: حمالة الحطب) meaning "one who carries firewood on their back," is how the Quran describes Abu Lahab's wife in Sura al-Masad.[1] Abu Lahab's wife was Abu Sufyan's sister and the aunt of Mu'awiya.[2] Her Teknonym was Umm Jamil, and she was also known by the names Arwa, Jamila,[3] and Sakhra.[4]

About the reason why such a description has been used, the following issues have been mentioned:

  • Umm Jamil carried thorny bushes from the desert and when the Prophet (s) went to mosque for prayer, she threw them in front of his feet to hurt him.[5]
  • She prepared the hellfire and its firewood for herself with her actions.[6]
  • She mocked the Prophet (s) as a poor person, so God mocked her with the mentioned title.[7]
  • This title in the Qur'an refers to her gossiping.[8]

In any case, the above-mentioned aspects do not disagree with each other and can all be considered as the implications of the verse.[9]

Notes

  1. ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, vol. 27, p. 420.
  2. ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb,
  3. ↑ Ṭūsī, al-Amālī, p. 265.
  4. ↑ Maybudī, Diwān-i Amīr al-Muʾminīn (a), p. 92.
  5. ↑ Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, vol. 10, p. 852.
  6. ↑ Motahhari, Majmūʿa-yi āthār, vol. 28, p. 852.
  7. ↑ Fakhr al-Rāzī, Mafātīḥ al-ghayb, vol. 32, p. 353.
  8. ↑ Ṭūsī, al-Tibyān, vol. 10, p. 428.
  9. ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, vol. 27, p. 421.

References

  • Fakhr al-Rāzī, Muḥammad b. al-ʿUmar al-. Mafātīḥ al-ghayb. 3rd edition. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1420 AH.
  • Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, Yūsuf b. ʿAbd Allāh. Al-Istīʿāb fī maʿrifat al-aṣḥāb. Edited by ʿAlī Muḥammad al-Bajāwī. Beirut: Dār al-Jail, 1412 AH.
  • Motahhari, Morteza. Majmūʿa-yi āthār. Qom: Intishārāt-i Ṣadrā, 1389 Sh.
  • Makārim Shīrāzī, Nāṣir. Tafsīr-i nimūna. 1st edition. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1374 Sh.
  • Maybudī, Ḥusayn b. Muʿīn al-Dīn. Diwān-i Amīr al-Muʾminīn (a). Translated to Farsi by Muṣṭafa Zamānī. 1st edition. Qom: Dār al-Nidā al-Islām li-Nashr, 1411 AH.
  • Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. 3rd edition. Introduced by Muḥammad Jawād Balāghī. Tehran: Naṣir Khusruw, 1372 Sh.
  • Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. Al-Amālī. 1st edition. Qom: Dār al-Thiqāfa, 1414 AH.
  • Ṭūsī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. Al-Tibyān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Edited by Aḥmad Qaṣīr al-ʿĀmilī. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, [n.d].
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