Uprising of al-Sayyid al-Hasani

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The Uprising of al-Sayyid al-Ḥasanī (Arabic:خروج السَيِّد الحَسَني) is a sign of Imam al-Mahdi's (a) reappearance. According to hadiths, al-Sayyid al-Hasani is a young man who starts an uprising from Daylam, calls people to Imam al-Mahdi (a), and people from Taleqan assist him. Al-Sayyid al-Hasani's uprising is simultaneous with Imam al-Mahdi's (a) reappearance. He pledges his allegiance to the Imam (a) in Kufa or its vicinities.

According to another hadith, he starts his uprising in Mecca, where he will be killed by the city's inhabitants. Given this hadith, some have speculated that al-Sayyid al-Hasani is the same as al-Nafs al-Zakiyya, whose murder in Mecca is mentioned among the indubitable Signs of Reappearance of Imam al-Mahdi (a). Some others have doubted the authenticity of this hadith.

Signs of Reappearance

In some hadiths, an uprising by a person called al-Sayyid al-Hasani is mentioned among the Signs of Reappearance of Imam al-Mahdi (a).[1] One example is al-Bayan sermon, which partly addresses the signs of reappearance, in which al-Sayyid al-Hasani's uprising and his encounter with Imam al-Mahdi (a) is noted.[2] According to Najm al-Din Tabasi, a Shiite researcher, there are seven or eight hadiths concerning al-Sayyid al-Hasani.[3] Overall, they imply that the uprising of al-Sayyid al-Hasani is a sign of reappearance.[4] In his view, these hadiths are frequent to the extent of istifada, which ensures that at least some of them were issued from the Infallibles (a). However, there are differences between them in certain details.[5]

According to a hadith cited by Qadi Nur Allah Shushtari in Ihqaq al-haqq, al-Sayyid al-Hasani descends from Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a).[6] He starts an uprising at the same time as Imam al-Mahdi's (a) reappearance, and then he and his army pledge their allegiance to the Imam (a).[7]

Details of Uprising

According to Najm al-Din Tabasi, there are mixed accounts of the details of al-Sayyid al-Hasani's uprising in different hadiths.[8] According to some, his uprising starts from Daylam, and then he pledges allegiance to Imam al-Mahdi (a) in Kufa or its vicinities.[9] According to other hadiths, he is killed in Mecca.[10]

According to a hadith attributed to Imam al-Sadiq (a), al-Sayyid al-Hasani is a good-looking young man, who starts an uprising in Deylam and shouts: "O the Household of Ahmad! Heed the call of him whose occultation had saddened you." Men from Taleqan, with firm faith, kill the oppressors and enter Kufa. At that time, they clean most parts of the earth from infidels and inhabit Kufa. When al-Sayyid al-Hasani and his helpers hear the news of Imam al-Mahdi's (a) reappearance, they ask him for signs, and upon seeing supernatural acts by al-Mahdi (a), he and his army pledge allegiance to him, except forty thousand people who carry Qurans and are known as Zaydis.[11]

In another hadith, al-Sayyid al-Hasani starts an uprising in Mecca on the verge of Imam al-Mahdi's (a) reappearance. He is killed by the people of Mecca, and his head is sent to al-Shami. According to this hadith, al-Sayyid al-Hasani's uprising is a sign of faraj (opening), not of Imam al-Mahdi’s reappearance. Moreover, the hadith talks about disagreements between 'Abbas's children and the weakening of their government. There are doubts about the accuracy of this hadith, both regarding its chain of transmission and content.[12]

Is al-Sayyid al-Hasani the same as al-Nafs al-Zakiyya?

In a commentary on a hadith about the signs of Imam al-Mahdi's (a) reappearance, Mulla Salih al-Mazandarani speculates that al-Sayyid al-Hasani is the same as al-Nafs al-Zakiyya.[13] This is because it talks about al-Sayyid al-Hasani getting killed by the people of Mecca and his head being sent to al-Sufyani on the verge of Imam al-Mahdi's (a) Reappearance.[14] Al-Nafs al-Zakiyya is a descendant of Imam al-Husayn (a)[15] who is killed in Mecca besides the Ka'ba between Rukn and Maqam Ibrahim in Masjid al-Haram,[16] and his murder is deemed a definite sign of Imam al-Mahdi's (a) reappearance.[17]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 53, p. 16; Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 8, p. 225, hadith 285; Nuʿmānī, Kitāb al-Ghayba, p. 270.
  2. ↑ Ṭabasī, Sayyid-i Ḥasanī dar khuṭba-yi al-Bayān az sanad tā matn, p. 52.
  3. ↑ Ṭabasī, Nigarishī dar riwāyāt-i Ḥasani, p. 26.
  4. ↑ Ṭabasī, Nigarishī dar riwāyāt-i Ḥasani, p. 47.
  5. ↑ Ṭabasī, Nigarishī dar riwāyāt-i Ḥasani, p. 47.
  6. ↑ Shūshtarī, Iḥqāq al-ḥaqq wa izhāq al-bāṭil, vol. 29, p. 448.
  7. ↑ Shūshtarī, Iḥqāq al-ḥaqq wa izhāq al-bāṭil, vol. 29, p. 448.
  8. ↑ Ṭabasī, Nigarishī dar riwāyāt-i Ḥasani, p. 47.
  9. ↑ Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 53, p. 15-16.
  10. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 8, p. 225, h. 285; Nuʿmānī, Kitāb al-Ghayba, p. 270.
  11. ↑ Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 53, p. 16; Yazdī Ḥāʾirī,Ilzām al-nāṣib, vol. 2, p. 218.
  12. ↑ Muḥammadī Reyshahrī, Dānishnāma-yi Imām Mahdī, vol. 7, p. 439-441.
  13. ↑ Māzandarānī, Sharḥ uṣūl kāfī, vol. 12, p. 414.
  14. ↑ Salīmīyān, Farhangnāma-yi mahdawīyyat, p. 208.
  15. ↑ Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 52, p. 223.
  16. ↑ Ṣadūq, Kamāl al-dīn wa itmām al-niʿma, vol. 1, p. 331.
  17. ↑ Ṣadūq, Kamāl al-dīn wa itmām al-niʿma, vol. 2, p. 650, h. 7..

References

  • Ḥāʾirī Yazdī, Mahdī. Ilzām al-nāṣib fī ithbāt al-ḥujjat al-ghāʾib. Edited by ʿAlī Āshūr. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1422 AH.
  • Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. Al-Kāfī. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī and Muḥammad Ākhūndī. 4th edition. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1407 AH.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār. Second edition. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.
  • Māzandarānī, Muḥammad Sāliḥ b. Ahmad. Sharḥ uṣūl kāfī. Edited by Abdu l-Ḥassan Shaʿrānī. Tehran: Maktaba al-Islāmiyya, 1382 AH.
  • Muḥammadī Reyshahrī, Muḥammad. Dānishnāma-yi Imām Mahdī. Qom: Dār al-Ḥadīth, 1393 Sh.
  • Nuʿmanī, Muḥammad b. Ibāḥīm al-. Kitāb al-ghayba. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. Tehran: Nashr-i Ṣadūq, 1397 AH.
  • Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAli al-. Kamāl al-dīn wa tamām al-niʿma. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī. 2nd edition. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Islāmyya, 1395 AH.
  • Salīmīyān, Khudāmurād. Farhangnāma-ye mahdawīyyat. 2nd Edition. Tehran: Bunyād-i Farhangī-yi Haḍrat-i Mahdī-yi Mawʿūd, 1388 Sh.
  • Shūshtarī, Nūr Allāh al-Ḥusaynī al-. Iḥqāq al-ḥaqq wa izhāq al-bāṭil. Edited by Marʿashī al-Najafī. Qom: Kitābkhāna-yi Āyatollāh Marʿashī al-Najafī, 1409 AH.
  • Ṭabasī, Najm al-Dīn. Nigarishī dar riwāyāt-i Sayyid Ḥasanī. Intizār-i Mawʿūd, No 31. Winter 1388 SH.
  • Ṭabasī, Najm al-Dīn. Sayyid Ḥasanī dar khuṭbat al-bayān. Intizār-i Mawʿūd, No 32. Spring and Summer 1389 SH.
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