Day of Separation

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Day of Separation or Yawm al-Faṣl (Arabic: یَوْم الفَصْل) is a term in the Qur'an referring to the Day of Judgement. Exegetes of the Qur'an maintain that the Day of Judgement is referred to as such because it is on this day that the truth and falsehood will be separated.

Meaning

"Al-Fasl" literally means to "cut off" or "separate" in a way that a distance is created there between.[1]


In the Qur'an

  • The term, "Yawm al-Fasl", is used in the Qur'an to refer to the Day of Judgement mainly for the purpose of reprehending and threatening polytheists or deniers. According to the Quran 37:21 [2] and in Qur'an 44:40 [3], it is used to threaten the polytheists, and in its subsequent verses, the meaning of separation (al-fasl) is explained as follows:
  • In Qur'an 77, the term, Yawm al-Fasl, has been used three times to refer to the Day of Judgement. In verses thirteen and fourteen, the greatness of the Day is characterized as follows:
  • And in Qur'an 78:17, the Yawm al-Fasl is characterized as an appointed time in which all peoples are assembled [4]

Interpretation

'Allama Tabataba'i holds that Yawm al-Fasl refers to the Day of Judgement because, according to the verse seventeen of Qur'an 22[5], it separates people.[6] And the Day of Judgement is called Yawm al-Fasl because it is on this day that the truth is separated from the falsehood and pious people are separated from sinners. He takes the verse fifty nine of Qur'an 36, "And Get apart today, you guilty ones!", to be evidence for his interpretation.[7]

According to Tafsir-i nimuna, Yawm al-Fasl means the Day of Judgment in which God will adjudicate His servants. In this world, truths and falsehoods are intertwined, but on the Day of Judgement, they will be separated and the secrets will be revealed.[8]

Morteza Motahhari interprets Yawm al-Fasl as follows:

"Human beings form communities in this world on the basis of their appearances, but in the Day of Judgement, the reign is grounded in people's interiors and internal habits. In the afterlife, an angel-like person will not be able to communicate with evil people. Thus, there will be a separation between them. People will be resurrected with their leaders in flocks, with some of them having a leader in the Hell and some others having a leader in the Heaven.[9]

See also

Notes

  1. Qarashī, Qāmūs-i Qurʾān, vol. 5, p. 180.
  2. This is the Yawm al-Fasl that you used to deny! (Qur'an 37:21)
  3. Indeed the Yawm al-Fasl is the tryst for them all (Qur'an 44:40)
  4. Indeed the Day of Judgement is the tryst, (Qur'an 78:18)
  5. Indeed the faithful, the Jews, the Sabaeans, the Christians, the Magians and the polytheists —Allah will indeed separate them on the Day of Resurrection. Indeed Allah is witness to all things. (Quran 22:17)
  6. Ṭabāṭabāyī, Tarjuma-yi al-Mīzān, vol. 20, p. 237.
  7. Ṭabāṭabāyī, al-Mīzān, vol. 17, p. 130.
  8. Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, vol. 19, p. 32.
  9. Motahhari, Majmūʿa-yi āthār, vol. 28, p. 283.

References

  • Makārim Shīrāzī, Nāṣir. Tafsīr-i nimūna. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1354 Sh.
  • Motahhari, Morteza. Majmūʿa-yi āthār. Tehran: Ṣadrā, [n.d].
  • Qarashī, ʿAlī Akbar. Qāmūs-i Qurʾān. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1371 Sh.
  • Ṭabāṭabāyī, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1390 AH.
  • Ṭabāṭabāyī, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Tarjuma-yi al-Mīzān. Translated to Farsi by Mūsawī Hamidānī. Qom: Daftar-i Nashr-i Islamī, 1417 AH.