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Isma'il Haniyeh

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Isma'il Haniyeh
Head of the Political Bureau of Hamas
Head of the Political Bureau of Hamas
Full NameIsma'il 'Abd al-Salam Ahmad Haniyeh
EpithetAbu l-'Abd
Religious AffiliationSunni Islam
Birth23 or 29 January 1962 or 1963
Place of BirthGaza
Place of ResidencePalestine
Martyrdom31 July 2024
Tehran
Burial PlaceLusail, Qatar
Notable rolesHead of the Political Bureau of Hamas (2017–2024)
Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority (2006–2007)
President of the Islamic University of Gaza
Head of Office of Ahmed Yassin


Isma'il Haniyeh (1962/1963–2024) served as the head of the Political Bureau of the Hamas Movement until his assassination by the Israeli regime in Tehran.

Haniyeh was a prominent leader in the Islamic resistance against the Occupation of Palestine, dedicating his life to the liberation of Palestinian territories from the occupation of the Zionist regime. Throughout his career, he faced multiple imprisonments by the Israeli regime and was exiled to southern Lebanon in 1992.

The assassination of Haniyeh in Tehran elicited widespread international reaction. Political and religious entities across various nations condemned the act, while Muslims worldwide participated in protest demonstrations. A funeral procession was held in Tehran on 1 August 2024, attended by the public; Ayatollah Khamene'i, the Leader of the Islamic Republic and a Shi'a Marja', led the Funeral Prayer over his remains. The following day, a subsequent procession took place in Qatar, where he was interred in the city of Lusail.

His official capacities included serving as Head of the Political Bureau of Hamas (2017–2024), Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority (2006–2007), President of the Islamic University of Gaza, and Head of Office for Ahmed Yassin. He has been characterized as a symbol of Palestinian resistance and the Martyr of Quds.

Struggle against Israeli Occupation

Isma'il Haniyeh was a central figure in the Palestinian Islamic resistance. He is recognized as a symbol of the Palestinian struggle[1] and has been designated the Martyr of Quds.[2] Haniyeh underwent several periods of incarceration by the Israeli regime, notably a three-year sentence beginning in 1989.[3] In 1992, alongside a group of activists from Hamas and the Islamic Jihad Movement, he was exiled to Marj al-Zuhur in southern Lebanon for one year.[4] Additionally, three of Haniyeh's sons and three of his grandsons were killed during attacks by the Zionist regime on Gaza on 10 April 2024.[5]

Political Leadership of Hamas Movement

Isma'il Haniyeh:

We will never, never, never recognize Israel.[6]

Haniyeh assumed the political leadership of Hamas on 6 May 2017, succeeding Khaled Mashal.[7] After the 2006 election victory in Palestine, he served as Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority until Mahmoud Abbas, President of the Palestinian National Authority, dismissed him in June 2007.[8] He also served as the Head of Office for Ahmed Yassin for a period.[9]

In 2018, Haniyeh was designated as a terrorist by the United States.[10] He resided in Qatar during the final years of his life.[11]

Connection with the Axis of Resistance

Throughout his tenure, Isma'il Haniyeh maintained close coordination with the leaders of the Axis of Resistance. He visited Iran on multiple occasions to meet with officials, including Ayatollah Khamene'i, the Leader of Iran.[12] He was present in Tehran for the funeral of Qasem Soleimani, commander of the Quds Force,[13] and the funeral of Sayyid Ebrahim Raisi, the eighth President of Iran.[14] Haniyeh also engaged in meetings and cooperative efforts with Sayyid Hasan Nasrallah, the Secretary-General of Hezbollah.[15]

The assassination of Haniyeh by the Israeli regime on Iranian soil carries significant geopolitical implications. Analysts suggest that this event may catalyze increased coordination among resistance factions to confront the Zionist regime and contribute to the diplomatic isolation of Israel.[16]

Assassination

Isma'il Haniyeh was assassinated and martyred on July 31, 2024 at his residence in Tehran.[17] He had traveled to Tehran to attend the inauguration of the ninth President of Iran.[18] Both Hamas[19] and the Iranian Foreign Ministry[20] attributed Haniyeh's assassination to the Zionist regime. The media office of the Zionist regime subsequently issued a statement assuming responsibility for the act.[21] Israel had previously attempted to assassinate Haniyeh via airstrikes in 2003 and 2006, both of which he survived.[22]

Funeral in Tehran and Qatar

Sayyid 'Ali Khamene'i, Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran

The brave leader and prominent Palestinian mujahid, Mr. Isma'il Haniyeh, joined the meeting of God at dawn today, and the great front of resistance went into mourning... The Martyr Haniyeh had carried his dear life in his hands in the field of honorable struggle for years and was ready for martyrdom, and had offered his children and kin in this path. He had no fear of being martyred in the way of God and saving God's servants.[23]

Ayatollah Khamene'i, the Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran, led the Funeral Prayer over Haniyeh's remains on August 1;[24] subsequently, a public funeral procession was held in Tehran.[25] On August 2, a funeral procession took place in Doha, the capital of Qatar, attended by the public as well as political and religious dignitaries, including the Emir of Qatar, after which he was interred in the city of Lusail.[26] The fact that Ayatollah Khamene'i, as the Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran and a Shi'a Marja', performed the prayer over Isma'il Haniyeh, a Sunni combatant, combined with the funeral in a Shi'a capital, garnered significant attention from mainstream media[27] and social media users alike.[28]

Funeral Prayer of Ayatollah Khamene'i over Isma'il Haniyeh

Reactions

The assassination of Haniyeh elicited numerous reactions from political and religious leaders as well as the general public. Shi'a Marja's, including Sayyid 'Ali Khamene'i, the Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran,[29] Nuri Hamadani,[30] Makarim Shirazi[31], and Jawadi Amoli,[32] offered their condolences. The assassination was condemned by the President of Türkiye,[33] the Prime Minister of Lebanon, Islamic resistance groups including Hezbollah, the Ansarallah Movement of Yemen, and the Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine, as well as the Foreign Ministers of nations such as China, Türkiye, Russia, Syria, Qatar, Jordan, Egypt, Iraq, Pakistan, and Oman. Condemnations were also issued by the Palestinian National Authority, the Fatah Movement, the National Wisdom Movement of Iraq, and the Muslim Brotherhood in Jordan.[34] Foreign Ministers from several countries, including Iraq,[35] Oman and Jordan characterized Haniyeh's assassination as a flagrant violation of international law and a threat to regional security and stability.[36]

Demonstrations condemning the assassination were held in various countries, including Yemen,[37] Jordan,[38] Türkiye, Morocco, Tunisia, and Lebanon.[39] Three days of public mourning were declared in Iran and Yemen,[40] and one day in Palestine.[41] Additionally, the red flag of Ya La-Tharat al-Husayn (a) was hoisted over the Jamkaran Mosque, a Shi'a religious center in Qom, as a symbol of vengeance.[42]

Following the event, the United Nations Security Council convened an emergency meeting, during which several members condemned the assassination.[43]

Promise of Revenge and Blood Vengeance and Operation True Promise 2

In his message of condolence, Ayatollah Khamene'i emphasized that because the assassination occurred within Iran, seeking vengeance for Haniyeh's blood was a duty of the Islamic Republic, and he promised severe punishment.[44] Sayyid Hasan Nasrallah[45] and the IRGC[46] similarly condemned the Zionist regime's action, vowing a harsh response. Following Iran's promise of revenge, various airlines suspended flights to the occupied territories.[47] Hamas also executed operations against Israel in various regions of Palestine[48] and elected Yahya Sinwar as the new leader of Hamas on 6 August 2024.[49]

In response to the assassinations of Haniyeh and Sayyid Hasan Nasrallah (on 27 September 2024), the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps launched Operation True Promise 2 on 1 October of the same year, firing dozens of missiles at Israeli military and security targets.[50]

Education and Responsibilities

Isma'il 'Abd al-Salam Ahmad Haniyeh, widely known as Isma'il Haniyeh and by the kunya Abu l-'Abd, was born on 23[51] or 29[52] January 1962[53] or 1963[54] in the Al-Shati camp in Gaza. He completed his primary education in the camp before attending the Islamic University of Gaza,[55] where he obtained a bachelor's degree in Arabic literature in 1987.[56]

His professional roles included serving as Secretary of the Board of Trustees and Academic Director of the Islamic University of Gaza, member of the Board of Directors of the Islamic Society of Gaza, Head of the Islamic Society Club of Gaza for ten years,[57] and President of the Islamic University of Gaza.[58]

Notes

  1. ↑ Fidan: Haniyeh was a symbol of Palestinian resistance, Anadolu Agency; Isma'il Haniyeh; A leader who was a symbol of Palestine's political and military resistance, Mehr News Agency.
  2. ↑ Commemoration ceremony for Martyr of Quds, Isma'il Haniyeh, IRNA; The pledge of the resistance front from Tehran to Gaza: Avenging the blood of the Martyr of Quds is certain, Mehr News Agency; The body of the Martyr of Quds was laid to rest in his eternal home, Mashregh News.
  3. ↑ Reports on the assassination of Isma'il Haniyeh, Hamas's political leader, in Tehran, BBC Persian, ; Isma'il Haniyeh.. A refugee from al-Shati camp who led Hamas, Al-Jazeera.net.
  4. ↑ Isma'il Haniyeh, known as Abu al-'Abd: Who was he?, Mehr News Agency; Who was Isma'il Haniyeh?, ISNA.
  5. ↑ Who was Isma'il Haniyeh?, ISNA.
  6. ↑ Al-Alam News Agency, Ismā'īl Haniyya ke būd?.
  7. ↑ Isma'il Haniyeh, known as Abu al-'Abd: Who was he?, Mehr News Agency; "What is the Islamic Resistance Movement Hamas?", BBC Persian; Isma'il Haniyeh.. A refugee from al-Shati camp who led Hamas, Al Jazeera Net.
  8. ↑ Isma'il Haniyeh.. A refugee from al-Shati camp who led Hamas, Al Jazeera Net; A look at the life and actions of Martyr Isma'il Haniyeh, Tasnim News Agency.
  9. ↑ Isma'il Haniyeh, known as Abu al-'Abd: Who was he?, Mehr News Agency.
  10. ↑ Reports on the assassination of Isma'il Haniyeh, Hamas's political leader, in Tehran, BBC Persian; Isma'il Haniyeh.. A refugee from al-Shati camp who led Hamas, Al Jazeera Net.
  11. ↑ Reports on the assassination of Isma'il Haniyeh, Hamas's political leader, in Tehran, BBC Persian.
  12. ↑ Meeting of Isma'il Haniyeh, head of Hamas's political bureau, with the Leader of the Revolution, See: The Office of Grand Ayatollah Khamene'i; Meeting of the Prime Minister of Palestine and the accompanying delegation with the Leader of the Revolution, The Office of Grand Ayatollah Khamene'i.
  13. ↑ Isma'il Haniyeh: Qasem Soleimani is the 'Martyr of Quds', Al Jazeera Mubasher.
  14. ↑ Isma'il Haniyeh attends the funeral procession of the President, Tasnim News Agency.
  15. ↑ Sayyid Hasan Nasrallah met with Haniyeh in Beirut, Mehr News Agency; Sayyid Hasan Nasrallah and Isma'il Haniyeh held a meeting, Tasnim News Agency.
  16. ↑ After the assassination of Martyr Haniyeh, the resistance front entered a decisive phase, Mehr News Agency.
  17. ↑ Isma'il Haniyeh was killed in Tehran, Anadolu Agency.
  18. ↑ Isma'il Haniyeh was killed in Tehran, Anadolu Agency.
  19. ↑ Hamas's statement following the martyrdom of Isma'il Haniyeh, Al-Alam News Agency.
  20. ↑ Statement of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Republic of Iran regarding the martyrdom of the head of the political bureau of the Islamic Resistance Movement of Palestine, Website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
  21. ↑ Following the martyrdom of Isma'il Haniyeh, three days of public mourning were announced in the country, Mehr News Agency.
  22. ↑ Isma'il Haniyeh.. A refugee from al-Shati camp who led Hamas, Al Jazeera Net; Who was Isma'il Haniyeh?, ISNA.
  23. ↑ Payām-i Rahbar-i Enqelāb-i Eslāmī dar pey-i shahādat-i mojahid-i bozorg āghā-yi Ismā'īl Haniyya, The Office of Ayatollah Khamene'i.
  24. ↑ Imam Khamenei led funeral prayer for Martyr Ismail Haniyeh & his companion, Khamenei.ir.
  25. ↑ Funeral ceremony for Isma'il Haniyeh, head of Hamas's political bureau, was held in Tehran, Anadolu Agency; ISNA's report on the funeral procession of Martyr Isma'il in Tehran, ISNA.
  26. ↑ Isma'il Haniyeh was laid to rest in Qatar, Euronews.
  27. ↑ Iranian farewell for Haniyeh, See: Javan Online.
  28. ↑ Social media users' reactions to the funeral procession of Martyr Isma'il Haniyeh in Iran, Young Journalists Club.
  29. ↑ Message of the Leader of the Islamic Revolution following the martyrdom of the great mujahid Mr. Isma'il Haniyeh, Khamenei.IR.
  30. ↑ Ayatollah Nuri Hamadani: The martyrdom of Haniyeh will pave the way for the elimination of the Zionist regime, IRNA.
  31. ↑ Ayatollah Makarim Shirazi's reaction to Haniyeh's assassination: Bring the spiteful enemy to the severest punishment, IRNA.
  32. ↑ A marja's message in reaction to the assassination of Martyr Haniyeh in Tehran, Hamshahri Online.
  33. ↑ Erdogan strongly condemns the assassination of Isma'il Haniyeh in Tehran, Anadolu Agency.
  34. ↑ Reactions to the martyrdom of Isma'il Haniyeh, ISNA; Following the martyrdom of Isma'il Haniyeh, three days of public mourning were announced in the country, Mehr News Agency.
  35. ↑ Iraq: The assassination of Haniyeh in Iran is an aggressive act and a threat to regional stability, Alforat News.
  36. ↑ International reactions to the assassination of Martyr Haniyeh in Tehran, Fars News Agency.
  37. ↑ Yemeni people's rally condemning the assassination of Isma'il Haniyeh, Al-Alam News Agency.
  38. ↑ Widespread protests in Jordan condemning Haniyeh's assassination, Al-Alam News Agency.
  39. ↑ The assassination of Haniyeh: Anger and protests in several countries and calls to expel the American ambassador, Al Jazeera Net.
  40. ↑ Following the martyrdom of Isma'il Haniyeh, three days of public mourning were announced in the country, Mehr News Agency.
  41. ↑ Mahmoud Abbas declared one day of public mourning, Tasnim News Agency.
  42. ↑ The red flag of vengeance flutters over the turquoise dome of Jamkaran, Mehr News Agency.
  43. ↑ Some Security Council members condemned Haniyeh's assassination, while the US and UK blamed Iran, Anadolu Farsi
  44. ↑ Message of the Leader of the Islamic Revolution following the martyrdom of the great mujahid Mr. Isma'il Haniyeh, The Office of Grand Ayatollah Khamene'i.
  45. ↑ Sayyid Hasan Nasrallah: Iran considers Haniyeh's assassination a blow to its security and sovereignty, Al-Alam News Agency.
  46. ↑ New IRGC statement: The resistance's harsh and painful response is on its way, Fars News Agency.
  47. ↑ "Italy’s ITA Airways suspends flights to and from Tel Aviv", Al Jazeera.net.
  48. ↑ "Hamas claims morning's shooting attack, vows to carry out more assaults in Hebron area", See: Times of Israel.
  49. ↑ "Sinwar elected as Hamas leader to succeed Haniyeh", Al Jazeera.net.
  50. ↑ Russian analyst: Iran's response to Israel was legal and legitimate, IRNA.
  51. ↑ Isma'il Haniyeh.. A refugee from al-Shati camp who led Hamas, Al Jazeera Net.
  52. ↑ Isma'il Haniyeh, known as Abu al-'Abd: Who was he?, Mehr News Agency; Who was Isma'il Haniyeh?, Al-Alam News Agency.
  53. ↑ Who was Isma'il Haniyeh?, ISNA.
  54. ↑ Isma'il Haniyeh, known as Abu al-'Abd: Who was he?, Mehr News Agency; Who was Isma'il Haniyeh?, Al-Alam News Agency.
  55. ↑ Who was Isma'il Haniyeh?, Al-Alam News Agency.
  56. ↑ Who was Isma'il Haniyeh?, ISNA.
  57. ↑ Isma'il Haniyeh, known as Abu al-'Abd: Who was he?, Mehr News Agency.
  58. ↑ Who was Isma'il Haniyeh?, ISNA.

References

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