Draft:'Abd al-Masih Antaki
 | |
| Full Name | 'Abd al-Masih b. Fath Allah b. 'Abd al-Masih al-Antaki |
|---|---|
| Religious Affiliation | Christian |
| Lineage | Greek-origin |
| Birth | 1874 CE |
| Place of Birth | Antioch |
| Places of Residence | Aleppo • Cairo • Khorramshahr |
| Death | 1923 CE |
| Burial Place | Cairo |
| Works | Malhamat al-Imam 'Ali (a) • Nayl al-amani • al-Nahdat al-sharqiyya • al-Riyad al-muzhira |
| Activities | Journalism • Writing • Poetry |
‘Abd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī was a Christian poet, journalist, and man of letters[1] of Greek origin.[2] He is considered the first Arabic-speaking Christian poet of the 19th century CE to address the Event of Ghadir and the revelation of the Verse of Tabligh regarding the guardianship of Imam Ali (a).[3]
Anṭākī considered the virtues of Imam Ali (a) to be like stars, uncountable and manifest to all.[4] He identified envy and enmity as the reasons for the denial of the virtues and guardianship of Imam Ali (a) that were announced by Prophet Muhammad (s) at Ghadir.[5] Anṭākī regarded Imam Ali (a) as a boundless ocean of knowledge, a surging sea of wisdom and perfection, and one who knows both the manifest and the hidden,[6] and characterized him as the most generous of Arab men.[7]
In his poems, Anṭākī says that whoever accepts the guardianship of the Prophet (s) and his family without hypocrisy will smell the fragrance of the sincerity of the Martyr of Karbala.[8] He believes that Imam al-Husayn (a) and his father and grandfather will perform intercession for the people on the Day of Judgment due to the high status they have with God.[9]
Anṭākī has numerous works.[10] Malḥamat al-Imām ʿAlī or al-Qaṣīdat al-ʿAlawiyyat al-Mubāraka, is a religious and heroic epic consisting of 5,595 verses in the form of a qasida, published in 1920 CE.[11] This qasida is cited as the longest and superior qasida in Arabic poetry[12] and the first Arabic heroic Hāʾiyya.Template:Note[13] In this long poem, the history of early Islam and the virtues of Imam Ali (a) derived from Prophetic traditions are narrated.[14]
Anṭākī composed this qasida while residing in Khorramshahr, Iran, (1917 CE)[15] and dedicated a part of it to Sheikh Khaz'al, the ruler of that region.[16] Fluent language, pleasant music, and profound concepts with simple and unpretentious vocabulary are mentioned as prominent features of this qasida.[17]
‘Abd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī was born in 1874 CE in Antioch (a city in Turkey) to Christian parents and was raised in Aleppo.[18] Aleppo is also mentioned as his birthplace.[19] He is considered the first person to call for the independence of the Arab world from the Ottoman Empire.[20] He traveled to various Arab regions to realize this dream.[21] For this reason, he incurred the wrath of the Turkish rulers and was forced to migrate to Cairo.[22] In Cairo, Anṭākī published the magazine al-Shahbāʾ, which was later renamed to al-ʿUmrān.[23] Prior to that, he was active in the magazine al-Shudhūr.[24]
Anṭākī migrated to Khorramshahr (then called Muhammara) due to economic problems caused by World War I and became one of the poets and associates of Sheikh Khaz'al Khan, the ruler of that region.[25] The year of Anṭākī's death is recorded as 1923 CE in the city of Cairo.[26]
Notes
- ↑ Ḥasanī, "Sīrih-yi ʿAlawī dar jang dar āyinah-yi Nahj al-balāghih wa shiʿr-i ʿAbd al-Masīḥ al-Anṭākī", p. 595.
- ↑ Muṣṭafawī-niyā and Farrukhyān, "ʿIlm-i Imām ʿAlī dar shiʿr-i ʿAbd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī", p. 196.
- ↑ Nūrī Kaydhqānī, "Shawāhid-i Qurʾānī-yi Ghadīr wa bartarī-yi Imām ʿAlī dar shiʿr-i shāʿirān-i Masīḥī-yi muʿāṣir-i ʿArab", p. 49.
- ↑ "Taʾthīr-i Imām ʿAlī (a) bar adīb-i Masīḥī ʿAbd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī", Shafaqna News Agency.
- ↑ Nūrī Kaydhqānī, "Shawāhid-i Qurʾānī-yi Ghadīr wa bartarī-yi Imām ʿAlī dar shiʿr-i shāʿirān-i Masīḥī-yi muʿāṣir-i ʿArab", p. 56; "Taʾthīr-i Imām ʿAlī (a) bar adīb-i Masīḥī ʿAbd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī", Shafaqna News Agency.
- ↑ "Taʾthīr-i Imām ʿAlī (a) bar adīb-i Masīḥī ʿAbd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī", Shafaqna News Agency.
- ↑ Nūrī Kaydhqānī, "Shawāhid-i Qurʾānī-yi Ghadīr wa bartarī-yi Imām ʿAlī dar shiʿr-i shāʿirān-i Masīḥī-yi muʿāṣir-i ʿArab", p. 44.
- ↑ Muḥammadzādih, Dānishnāmih-yi shiʿr-i ʿĀshūrāʾī, 1386 SH, vol. 1, p. 546.
- ↑ Muḥammadzādih, Dānishnāmih-yi shiʿr-i ʿĀshūrāʾī, 1386 SH, vol. 1, p. 546.
- ↑ Muṣṭafawī-niyā et al., "Barrasī-yi taṭbīqī-yi Ghadīriyyih-yi Būlus Salāmih wa ʿAbd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī", p. 106.
- ↑ Ḥasanī, "Sīrih-yi ʿAlawī dar jang dar āyinah-yi Nahj al-balāghih wa shiʿr-i ʿAbd al-Masīḥ al-Anṭākī", p. 595.
- ↑ Ḥasanī, "Sīrih-yi ʿAlawī dar jang dar āyinah-yi Nahj al-balāghih wa shiʿr-i ʿAbd al-Masīḥ al-Anṭākī", p. 595.
- ↑ Ḥasanī, "Sīrih-yi ʿAlawī dar jang dar āyinah-yi Nahj al-balāghih wa shiʿr-i ʿAbd al-Masīḥ al-Anṭākī", p. 595.
- ↑ Ḥasanī, "Sīrih-yi ʿAlawī dar jang dar āyinah-yi Nahj al-balāghih wa shiʿr-i ʿAbd al-Masīḥ al-Anṭākī", p. 595.
- ↑ Aʿlamī, "Taʿrīf bi-l-malḥama wa ṣāḥibuhā", in Malḥamat al-Imām ʿAlī, p. 6.
- ↑ Aʿlamī, "Taʿrīf bi-l-malḥama wa ṣāḥibuhā", in Malḥamat al-Imām ʿAlī, p. 7.
- ↑ Ḥasanī, "Sīrih-yi ʿAlawī dar jang dar āyinah-yi Nahj al-balāghih wa shiʿr-i ʿAbd al-Masīḥ al-Anṭākī", p. 595.
- ↑ Aʿlamī, "Taʿrīf bi-l-malḥama wa ṣāḥibuhā", in Malḥamat al-Imām ʿAlī, p. 5; Muṣṭafawī-niyā et al., "Barrasī-yi taṭbīqī-yi Ghadīriyyih-yi Būlus Salāmih wa ʿAbd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī", p. 106.
- ↑ Muṣṭafawī-niyā et al., "Barrasī-yi taṭbīqī-yi Ghadīriyyih-yi Būlus Salāmih wa ʿAbd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī", p. 106.
- ↑ Aʿlamī, "Taʿrīf bi-l-malḥama wa ṣāḥibuhā", in Malḥamat al-Imām ʿAlī, pp. 5-6.
- ↑ Aʿlamī, "Taʿrīf bi-l-malḥama wa ṣāḥibuhā", in Malḥamat al-Imām ʿAlī, pp. 5-6.
- ↑ Aʿlamī, "Taʿrīf bi-l-malḥama wa ṣāḥibuhā", in Malḥamat al-Imām ʿAlī, pp. 5-6.
- ↑ al-Aʿlamī, "Taʿrīf bi-l-malḥama wa ṣāḥibuhā", Malḥamat al-Imām ʿAlī, Beirut, Muʾassasat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1411 AH, p. 6.
- ↑ Muṣṭafawī-niyā et al., "Barrasī-yi taṭbīqī-yi Ghadīriyyih-yi Būlus Salāmih wa ʿAbd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī", p. 106.
- ↑ Aʿlamī, "Taʿrīf bi-l-malḥama wa ṣāḥibuhā", in Malḥamat al-Imām ʿAlī, p. 6.
- ↑ Muṣṭafawī-niyā et al., "Barrasī-yi taṭbīqī-yi Ghadīriyyih-yi Būlus Salāmih wa ʿAbd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī", p. 106.
References
- Aʿlamī, Ḥusayn, "Taʿrīf bi-l-malḥama wa ṣāḥibuhā", in Malḥamat al-Imām ʿAlī, written by ʿAbd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī, Beirut, Muʾassasat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1411 AH.
- "Taʾthīr-i Imām ʿAlī (a) bar adīb-i Masīḥī ʿAbd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī", Shafaqna News Agency, published on: December 3, 2023, accessed on: March 8, 2025.
- Ḥasanī, Niʿmat Allāh, "Sīrih-yi ʿAlawī dar jang dar āyinah-yi Nahj al-balāghih wa shiʿr-i ʿAbd al-Masīḥ al-Anṭākī", Faṣlnāmih-yi Adabiyyāt-i Taṭbīqī, no. 58, July-August 2021.
- Nūrī Kaydhqānī, Sayyid Mahdī, "Shawāhid-i Qurʾānī-yi Ghadīr wa bartarī-yi Imām ʿAlī dar shiʿr-i shāʿirān-i Masīḥī-yi muʿāṣir-i ʿArab", Sirāj-i Munīr, no. 39, Summer 1399 SH.
- Muḥammadzādih, Rāḍiyih, Dānishnāmih-yi shiʿr-i ʿĀshūrāʾī, Tehran, Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance, 1386 SH.
- Muṣṭafawī-niyā, Sayyid Muḥammad-raḍī and Īmān Farrukhyān, "ʿIlm-i Imām ʿAlī dar shiʿr-i ʿAbd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī", Faṣlnāmih-yi Shīʿih-shināsī, no. 30, 1389 SH.
- Muṣṭafawī-niyā, Sayyid Raḍī, et al., "Barrasī-yi taṭbīqī-yi Ghadīriyyih-yi Būlus Salāmih wa ʿAbd al-Masīḥ Anṭākī", Pazhūhish-nāmih-yi ʿAlawī, no. 6, Autumn and Winter 1391 SH.