Abu Bakr al-Makhzumi
| Well-known As | Rahib Quraysh |
|---|---|
| Religious Affiliation | Sunni |
| Lineage | Banu Makhzum |
| Place of Residence | Madina |
| Death | 93/711-2 or 95/713-4 |
| Known for | One of the seven jurisprudents of Medina, meeting Imam al-Husayn (a) in Mecca before event of Karbala |
| Professors | 'Ammar b. Yasir, 'A'isha, Umm Salama |
| Students | al-Zahri, 'Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz |
Abū Bakr al-Makhzūmī (Arabic: أبوبَکْر المَخْزومی), known as Rāhib Quraysh (Arabic: راهب قریش) (d. 93/711-2 or 95/713-4), was one of the Tabi'un and one of the seven jurisprudents of Medina. He met Imam al-Husayn (a) in Mecca and asked him not to go to Kufa.
Birth and Death
Abu Bakr al-Makhzumi was one of the seven jurisprudents (faqihs) in Medina and one of the senior figures of the Quraysh. He was born during the caliphate of 'Umar b. al-Khattab and died in 93/711-2 or 94/712-3 or 95/713-4.[1]
Name, Lineage, and Reputation
There is a disagreement about his name and teknonym. According to Tahdhib al-tahdhib, some people take his name to be "Muhammad" and his teknonym to be "Abu Bakr", and others take his name to be "Abu Bakr" and his teknonym to be "Abu 'Abd al-Rahman". According to Ibn Hajar, a Sunni scholar in history, "Abu Bakr" was both his name and teknonym.[2]
According to the sources, his father is assumed to be 'Abd al-Rahman b. al-Harith,[3] al-Harith b. Hisham, or al-Harith b. 'Abd al-Rahman b. al-Harith.[4] Al-Harith b. Hisham was the brother of Abu Jahl.[5]
Because of his attribution to the Banu Makhzum tribe, he was known as Abu Bakr al-Makhzumi. According to Ibn Hajar, since he said prayers very frequently, people called him "Rahib Quraysh" (literally: the monk of the Quraysh).[6]
In the Battle of Karbala
Abu Bakr al-Makhzumi met Imam al-Husayn (a) in Mecca, and out of goodwill, asked the Imam (a) to change his mind about going to Kufa. He supported his goodwill with his kinship with Imam al-Husayn (a) and the disloyalty of the people of Kufa to the Imam's father, Imam 'Ali (a), and his brother, Imam al-Hasan (a). Imam al-Husayn (a) appreciated his concerns. Al-Mas'udi has cited the dialogue between Abu Bakr and Imam al-Husayn (a).[7]
Transmission of Hadiths
Abu Bakr al-Makhzumi is a transmitter of hadith in Sunni sources. He transmitted hadiths from his father, as well as 'Ammar b. Yasir, Nawfal b. Mu'awiya, 'A'isha, Umm Salama, Umm Ma'qil al-Asadi, 'Abd al-Rahman b. Muti', Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari, and others. People such as al-Zahri, 'Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz, and al-Hakam b. 'Utayba have transmitted hadiths from him. His hadiths appear in Sunni sources of hadiths, and some Sunni scholars of rijal take him to be reliable. On Ibn Hajar's account, Ibn Hibban believed that Abu Bakr al-Makhzumi was a reliable transmitter of hadiths.[8] However, Shiite sources have only cited his conversation with Imam al-Husayn (a).[9]
References
- Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, Yūsuf b. ʿAbd Allāh. Al-Istīʿāb fī maʿrifat al-aṣḥāb. Edited by ʿAlī Muḥammad al-Bajāwī. Beirut: Dār al-Jīl, 1412 AH.
- Ibn al-Athīr al-Jazarī, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad. Usd al-ghāba fī maʿrifat al-ṣaḥāba. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1409 AH.
- Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr li-ṭibaʿat wa al-Nashr, 1404 AH.
- Masʿūdī, ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn al-. Murūj al-dhahab wa maʿadin al-jawhar. Edited by Asʿad Dāghir. Qom: Dār al-Hijra, 1409 AH.
- Pākatchī, Aḥmad. Islām. In Dāʾirat al-maʿārif-i buzurg-i Islāmī. Tehran: Markaz-i Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif-i Buzurg-i Islāmī, [n.d].
- ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb, vol. 12, p. 28.
- ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb, vol. 12, p. 28.
- ↑ Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 327; Ibn Ḥajar, Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb, vol. 12, p. 28.
- ↑ Masʿūdī, Murūj al-dhahab, vol. 3, p. 56.
- ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 1, p. 301.
- ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb, vol. 12, p. 28.
- ↑ Masʿūdī, Murūj al-dhahab, vol. 3, p. 56.
- ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb, vol. 12, p. 28.
- ↑ See: Masʿūdī, Murūj al-dhahab, vol. 3, p. 56.