Practices of Ramadan

Priority: b, Quality: b
Without references
From wikishia

Recommended practices of the month of Ramadan are worships and practices that are mustahab or recommended, in hadiths, to do in the month of Ramadan. Some of these practices are common to all days of Ramadan and some are specific to certain days.

Common Practices

Reciting the Qur'an

The best practice during the days and the nights of Ramadan is to recite the Qur'an. Although it is rewarding to recite the Qur'an any time, it is much more rewarding to recite it in the month of Ramadan, since it is, according to hadiths, "the spring of the Qur'an" and the divine reward for reciting one Qur'anic verse in this month equals to reciting the whole Qur'an in other months. One traditional practice of Muslims in this month is the recitation of one-thirtieth of the Qur'an every day until the whole Qur'an is recited at the end of the month.

Giving Iftar Meal to Others

One traditional practice of Muslims in the month of Ramadan is to give iftar meal (a meal with which Muslims end their fasting]] to people who fast. The divine reward for this is greater than the reward for the host's fasting. And more interestingly, the divine reward for accepting an invitation to the iftar is greater than seventy days of fasting by the guest. In accordance with the Prophet's (s) tradition, the iftar is served with dates.

Here are the other recommended practices in Ramadan, according to hadiths:

Time Ritual
Dawn
Everyday supplications
  • Reciting the following supplication:

...اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ

O Allah, Lord of Ramadan

in which You sent down the Qur'an
and made fasting obligatory on Your servants
Bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad
and enable me to go for pilgrimage to Your sacred House
in this year and in every year
and forgive me those great sins (that I carry)
for surely, none can forgive them except You
O Beneficent, O All­-Knowing.

"اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِی أَنْزَلْتَ فِیهِ الْقُرآنَ
وَ افْتَرَضْتَ عَلَی عِبَادِک فِیهِ الصِّیامَ،
صَلّي عَلى مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّد
اُرْزُقْنِی حَجَّ بَیتِک الْحَرَامِ فِی هَذَا الْعَامِ وَ فِی کلِّ عَامٍ،
وَ اغْفِرْ لِی الذُّنُوبَ الْعِظَامَ
فَإِنَّهُ لاَ یغْفِرُهَا غَیرُک یا ذَا الْجَلاَلِ وَ الْإِکرَامِ".
  • Reciting the following supplication:

سُبْحانَ اللّهِ بارِئِ النَّسَمِ سُبْحانَ اللّهِ...

Glory be to Allah, the Creator of the breath of life. Glory be to Allah, the Illustrator.
Glory be to Allah, who created all the pairs, male and female. Glory be to Allah, who fixed the time of darkness and light.
Glory be to Allah, who splits the grain of corn and the date-stone (for sprouting). Glory be to Allah, the Creator of all things.
Glory be to Allah, the Creator of that which is seen and that which is unseen. Glory be to Allah, whose Words spread out far and wide.
Glory be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds. Glory be to Allah, it is He who is the hearer.
There is nothing more hearing than He. He hears from the high 'Arsh that which (is spoken), down below the seven heavens, on the earths, He hears that which (is spoken) in the darkness of the land and the sea.
He hears the sighings and the complaints. He hears the worshipers and secret thoughts.
He hears the diabolical suggestions the devil puts into the mind, and voices (countless at a time) do not confuse His hearing.
سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ بَارِئِ النَّسَمِ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ الْمُصَوِّرِ
سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ خَالِقِ الْأَزْوَاجِ كُلِّهَا سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ جَاعِلِ الظُّلُمَاتِ وَ النُّورِ
سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ فَالِقِ الْحَبِّ وَ النَّوَى سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ خَالِقِ كُلِّ شَيْ ءٍ
سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ خَالِقِ مَا يُرَى وَ مَا لا يُرَى سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ مِدَادَ كَلِمَاتِهِ
سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ السَّمِيعِ الَّذِي لَيْسَ شَيْ ءٌ أَسْمَعَ مِنْهُ
يَسْمَعُ مِنْ فَوْقِ عَرْشِهِ مَا تَحْتَ سَبْعِ أَرَضِينَ وَ يَسْمَعُ مَا فِي ظُلُمَاتِ الْبَرِّ وَ الْبَحْرِ
وَ يَسْمَعُ الْأَنِينَ وَ الشَّكْوَى وَ يَسْمَعُ السِّرَّ وَ أَخْفَى
وَ يَسْمَعُ وَسَاوِسَ الصُّدُورِ وَ يَعْلَمُ خَائِنَةَ الْأَعْيُنِ وَ مَا تُخْفِي الصُّدُورُ وَ لا يُصِمُّ سَمْعَهُ صَوْتٌ.

اِنَّ اللّهَ وَمَلاَّئِکتَةُ یصَلُّونَ عَلَی النَّبِی یا اَیهَا الَّذینَ آمنوا صلوا علیه و سلموا تسلیماً...

Indeed Allah and His angels bless the Prophet; O you who have faith! Invoke blessings on him and invoke Peace upon him in a worthy manner ...

  • Reciting the following 100 times:
Glory be to He who can (at His will) expose (anyone) to loss or gain. Glory to be He who decides justly. Glory to be the Highest High. Glory be to Him. Glory to be Him. Let He be praised. سُبْحانَ الضّآرِّ النّافِعِ سُبْحانَ الْقاضی بالْحَقِّ سُبْحانَ الْعَلِی الاْعْلی سُبْحانَهُ وَبِحَمْدِهِ سُبْحانَهُ وَتَعالی.
Supplications after prayers
  • Reciting this du'a:

...یا عَلِی یا عَظیمُ یا غَفُورُ یا رحیمُ

O High, O Mighty, O Forgiver, O Merciful,
You are the Mighty Lord, who has none like Him, and He is the All­-Hearing, the All­-Seeing.
This is a month which You have made; exalted, honored, ennobled and excelled over the other months.
It is the month in which You have made fasting obligatory on me, and it is the month of Ramadan,
in which You sent down the Qur'an, a guidance for mankind, having clear signs of guidance and distinction. (2:185)
You have placed in it the night of power, and made it better than a thousand months. (97:2)
O One who favours, and none favours You, favour me by saving me from the fire, amongst the ones You favour,
and make me enter Heaven, by Your mercy, O the most Merciful.
یا عَلِی یا عَظیمُ یا غَفُورُ یا رحیمُ
أنْتَ الرَّبُّ العظیمُ الَذی لیس کَمِثْلِهِ شَی ءٌ و هُوَ السَّمیعُ الْبَصیرُ
وَ هذا شَهْرٌ عَظَّمْتَهُ و کَرَّمْتَهُ و شَرَّفْتَهُ و فَضَّلْتَهُ عَلَی الشُّهُورِ
و هُوَ الشَّهْرُ الَّذی فَرَضْتَ صِیامَهُ عَلَی و هُوَ شَهْرُ رَمَضانَ
الَّذی أَنْزَلْتَ فِیهِ الْقُرانَ هُدی لِلنّاسِ و بَیناتٍ مِنَ الْهُدی و الْفُرْقانِ
و جَعَلْتَ فیهِ لَیلَةَ الْقَدْرِ و جَعَلْتَها خَیرا من أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ
فَیاذَ الْمَنِّ و لا یمَنُّ عَلَیکَ مُنَّ عَلَی بِفَکاکِ رَقَبَتی مِنَ النّارِ فیمَنْ تَمُنُّ عَلَیه
وَ أَدْخِلْنی الْجَنَّة بِرَحْمتِکَ یا أرْحَم الرّاحِمِینَ
  • The supplication:

...اَللّهُمَّ اَدْخِلْ عَلی اَهْلِ الْقُبُورِ السُّرُورَ

O Allah, gladden the people of the graves,
O Allah, enrich every poor person, O Allah, satisfy every hungry one,
O Allah, clothe every unclothed one, O Allah, help every debtor pay his debts,
O Allah, relieve every distressed one, O Allah, return every traveler (to his home),
O Allah release every prisoner, O Allah, correct every wrong in the affairs of the Muslims,
O Allah, cure every sick one, O Allah, ease our poverty by Your wealth,
O Allah, change our evil state to a good one through Your excellent state, O Allah, relieve us of our debts,
and help us against poverty, Surely You have power over all things.
اَللّهُمَّ اَدْخِلْ عَلی اَهْلِ الْقُبُورِ السُّرُورَ،
اَللَّهُمَّ اَغْنِ کُلَّ فَقیرٍ، اَللّهُمَّ اَشْبِعْ کُلَّ جایعٍ
اَللّهُمَّ اکْسُ کُلَّ عُرْیانٍ، اَللّهُمَّ اقْضِ دَینَ کُلِّ مَدینٍ،
اَللّهُمَّ فَرِّجْ عَنْ کُلِّ مَکْرُوبٍ اَللّهُمَّ رُدَّ کُلَّ غَریبٍ،
اَللّهُمَّ فُکَّ کُلَّ اَسیرٍ، اَللّهُمَّ اَصْلِحْ کُلَّ فاسِدٍ مِنْ اُمُورِ الْمُسْلِمینَ
اَللّهُمَّ اشْفِ کُلَّ مَریضٍ، اَللّهُمَّ سُدَّ فَقْرَنا بِغِناکَ،
اَللّهُمَ غَیرْ سُوءَ حالِنا بِحُسْنِ حالِکَ اَللّهُمَّ اقْضِ عَنَّا الدَّینَ،
وَاَغْنِنا مِنَ الْفَقْرِ، اِنَّکَ عَلی کُلِّشَیءٍ قَدیرٌ.
  • The supplication:

...اَللّهُمَّ ارْزُقْنی حَجَّ بَیتِک الْحَرامِ

O Allah give me enough means so that I may go to Thy Holy House for pilgrimage this year and every year till I live in ease and comfort bestowed upon me by Thee.
Do not deny me these opportunities of visiting the venerable places and calling upon the resting abode of Thy Prophet (Thy blessing be on him and his family).
And in the matter of all the needs of this world and the Hereafter continue to do good for me.
O Allah I request you to take affairs in the night of Qadr a decision that cannot be reversed, nor can be changed, which includes me among the pilgrims of the Sacred House
their dutiful pilgrimage receiving Thy approval, their efforts acknowledge, their mistakes forgiven, their sins atoned for;
and in the course of it make it possible that I live long in ease and comfort, pay back my debts and settle the monetary obligations. So be it, O the Lord of the worlds.
اَللّهُمَّ ارْزُقْنی حَجَّ بَیتِک الْحَرامِ فِی عامی هذا وَفی کلِّ عامٍ ما اَبْقَیتَنی فی یسْرٍ مِنْک وَعافِیةٍ، وَسَعَةِ رِزْقٍ،
وَلا تُخْلِنی مِنْ تِلْک الْمواقِفِ الْکریمَةِ، وَالْمَشاهِدِ الشَّریفَةِ، وَزِیارَةِ قَبْرِ نَبِیک صَلَواتُک عَلَیهِ وَآلِهِ،
وَفی جَمیعِ حَوائِجِ الدُّنْیا وَالاَْخِرَةِ فَکنْ لی،
اَللّهُمَّ اِنّی اَساَلُک فیما تَقْضی وَتُقَدِّرُ مِنَ الاََمْرِ الَْمحْتُومِ فی لَیلَةِ الْقَدْرِ، مِنَ الْقَضاءِ الَّذی لا یرَدُّ وَلا یبَدَّلُ، اَنْ تَکتُبَنی مِنْ حُجّاجِ بَیتِک الْحَرامِ،
الْمَبْرُورِ حَجُّهُمْ، الْمَشْکورِ سَعْیهُمْ، الْمَغْفُورِ ذُنُوبُهُمْ، الْمُکفَّرِ عَنْهُمْ سَیئاتُهُمْ،
واجْعَلْ فیما تَقْضی وَتُقَدِّرُ، اَنْ تُطیلَ عُمْری، وَتُوَسِّعَ عَلَی رِزْقی، وَتُؤدِّی عَنّی اَمانَتی وَدَینی آمینَ رَبَّ الْعالَمین.
During breakfast (iftar)
  • Having breakfast with halal food that is acquired in legitimate ways, and it is recommended to break one's fast with legitimately acquired dates.
  • Reciting the supplication:
O Allah, for Thee, I fast, and with the food Thou gives me I break the fast, and I rely on Thee. "اَللّهُمَّ لَک صُمْتُ وَعَلی رِزْقِک اَفْطَرْتُ وَعَلَیک تَوَکلْتُ".
  • Reciting the supplication:
In the name of Allah, O Allah, we fast, and with the food Thou gives us we break the fast, an obligation we fulfill, and Thou art Hearer, Knower. "بسْمِ اللَّهِ اللَّهُمَّ لَک صُمْنَا وَ عَلَی رِزْقِک أَفْطَرْنَا فَتَقَبَّلْ [فَتَقَبَّلْهُ] مِنَّا إِنَّک أَنْتَ السَّمِیعُ الْعَلِیمُ".
  • When having the first bite, it is recommended to recite:
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful, O He whose indulgence is boundless, forgive me. "بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِیمِ یا وَاسِعَ الْمَغْفِرَةِ اغْفِرْ لِی".
  • Giving breakfast to others and giving sadaqa.
Practices of the nights of Ramadan
  • Reciting the supplication:

...اللّهُمَّ رَبَّ شَهْرِ رَمَضانَ

O Allah, Lord of Ramadan in which You sent down the Qur'an
and made fasting obligatory on Your servants Bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad
and enable me to go for pilgrimage to Your sacred House in this year and in every year
and forgive me those great sins (that I carry)
for surely, none can forgive them except You
O Beneficent, O All­-Knowing.
اللّهُمَّ رَبَّ شَهْرِ رَمَضانَ الَّذِی أَنْزَلْتَ فیهِ الْقُرْآنَ
و افْتَرَضْتَ عَلی عِبادِکَ فیهِ الصِّیامَ صَلِّ عَلی مُحمدٍ و الِ محمدٍ
وَ ارْزُقْنی حَجَّ بَیتِکَ الْحَرامِ فِی عامِی هذا
واغفِرْلی تلک الذُّنوُبَ الْعِظامَ فإِنَّهُ لا یغْفِرُها غَیرُکَ یا رَحمانُ یا ارْحَمَ الرّاحِمینَ.
  • Saying two rak'as of prayers in each of which Sura al-Hamd is recited once and Sura al-Tawhid is recited 3 times, and when the prayer ends, it is recommended to recite:
Glory to be He who watches over, never leaves anything undone, or is neglectful. Glory to be He who is Merciful, never does a thing in haste. Glory to be He who is vigilant, never forgets one thing over another. Glory to be He who is alert and steady, never is engrossed with a thing so as to overlook another. "سُبْحانَ مَنْ هُوَ حَفیظٌ لا یغْفُلُ سُبحانَ مَنْ هُوَ رَحیمٌ لا یعْجَلُ سُبْحانَ مَنْ هُوَ قاَّئِمٌ لا یسْهُو سُبْحانَ مَنْ هُوَ دائِمٌ لا یلْهُو سُبْحانَک سُبْحانَک سُبْحانَک یا عَظیمُ اغْفِرْ لِی الذَّنْبَ الْعَظیمَ".
  • Reciting the supplication:

...اللَّهُمَّ بِرَحْمَتِک فِی الصَّالِحِینَ فَأَدْخِلْنَا

O Allah has mercy and then make us more familiar with the righteous, more elated in the company of the distinguished
give us the cup of water from the spring of Salsabil flowing over the surface, to drink, join us in wedlock with the beautiful women, in the Paradise.
put at our disposal the co-operation of the energetic young helpers, well-groomed like precious pearls, serve us fruits of the Paradise and meaty birds to eat.
provides us clothes made of silk, pick and choose us for receiving Thy bounties in the Night of Qadr, for going to Thy Sacred House for giving life in Thy cause,
give a favorable answer to our legitimate invocations and requests, and when Thou brings together all the people, wherever or whenever they lived, on the Day of Judgment, have mercy on us,
keep us safe from the fire, let not the flames of the Hell seethe and boil us, let not Thy anger and contempt swallow us up, do not make us eat the Zaqqum and Dari' (the thorny bitter fruits-bearing trees of the Hell),
do not put us up with the devils, do not throw us with the face to the ground in the Hell, do not wrap us with the flames of the fire and the burning fluid tar. Deliver us from all the evils,
O there is no god save Thou, for the sake of there is no god save Thou.
اللَّهُمَّ بِرَحْمَتِک فِی الصَّالِحِینَ فَأَدْخِلْنَا وَ فِی عِلِّیینَ فَارْفَعْنَا
وَ بِکأْسٍ مِنْ مَعِینٍ مِنْ عَینٍ سَلْسَبِیلٍ فَاسْقِنَا وَ مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِینِ بِرَحْمَتِک فَزَوِّجْنَا
وَ مِنَ الْوِلْدَانِ الْمُخَلَّدِینَ کأَنَّهُمْ لُؤْلُؤٌ مَکنُونٌ فَأَخْدِمْنَا وَ مِنْ ثِمَارِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ لُحُومِ الطَّیرِ فَأَطْعِمْنَا
وَ مِنْ ثِیابِ السُّنْدُسِ وَ الْحَرِیرِ وَ الْإِسْتَبْرَقِ فَأَلْبِسْنَا وَ لَیلَةَ الْقَدْرِ وَ حَجَّ بَیتِک الْحَرَامِ وَ قَتْلا فِی سَبِیلِک فَوَفِّقْ لَنَا
وَ صَالِحَ الدُّعَاءِ وَ الْمَسْأَلَةِ فَاسْتَجِبْ لَنَا [یا خَالِقَنَا اسْمَعْ وَ اسْتَجِبْ لَنَا] وَ إِذَا جَمَعْتَ الْأَوَّلِینَ وَ الْآخِرِینَ یوْمَ الْقِیامَةِ فَارْحَمْنَا
وَ بَرَاءَةً مِنَ النَّارِ فَاکتُبْ لَنَا وَ فِی جَهَنَّمَ فَلا تَغُلَّنَا وَ فِی عَذَابِک وَ هَوَانِک فَلا تَبْتَلِنَا وَ مِنَ الزَّقُّومِ وَ الضَّرِیعِ فَلا تُطْعِمْنَا
وَ مَعَ الشَّیاطِینِ فَلا تَجْعَلْنَا وَ فِی النَّارِ عَلَی وُجُوهِنَا فَلا تَکبُبْنَا [تَکبَّنَا] وَ مِنْ ثِیابِ النَّارِ وَ سَرَابِیلِ الْقَطِرَانِ فَلا تُلْبِسْنَا وَ مِنْ کلِّ سُوءٍ
یا لا إِلَهَ إِلا أَنْتَ بِحَقِّ لا إِلَهَ إِلا أَنْتَ فَنَجِّنَا.

Practices of Specific Days of Ramadan

Time Practices
The first night
  • Reciting the following supplication:

...رَبّی وَرَبُّک اللّهُ رَبُّ الْعالَمینَ اَللّهُمَّ اَهِلَّهُ عَلَینا بِالاْمْنِ

My Lord and your Lord is Allah, the Lord of the worlds.
O Allah for us let this month be a period of peace, faith, safety and total submission to Thy will; make us walk apace swiftly to that which Thou likes and approves.
O Allah pour out much blessings on us in this month, make available for us its generous good and assistance, and keep us safe from the harm, evil, misfortune and mischief that may try to trap us in this month.
رَبِّی وَ رَبُّکَ اللَّهُ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِینَ
اللَّهُمَّ أَهِلَّهُ عَلَیْنَا بِالْأَمْنِ وَ الْإِیمَانِ وَ السَّلامَةِ وَ الْإِسْلامِ وَ الْمُسَارَعَةِ إِلَى مَا تُحِبُّ وَ تَرْضَى
اللَّهُمَّ بَارِکْ لَنَا فِی شَهْرِنَا هَذَا وَ ارْزُقْنَا خَیْرَهُ وَ عَوْنَهُ وَ اصْرِفْ عَنَّا ضُرَّهُ وَ شَرَّهُ وَ بَلاءَهُ وَ فِتْنَتَهُ
  • Reciting the following supplication:

...اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مُنَزِّلَ الْقُرْآنِ

O Allah, the Lord of the month of Ramadan, the Revealer of the Qur'an. This is the month of Ramadan, in which Thou revealed the Qur'an and revealed the signs that render clear the guidance and teachings to distinguish between good and evil.
O Allah make us observe fast in its days and remain awake in its nights to pray. O Allah let it be peaceful for us, keep us in sound condition for it, let it take upon itself the supervision of our affairs to give us ease and happiness and while taking decisions, in the Night of Qadr, and rendering possible things and events decisively (decisions which cannot be changed or bypassed) write my name in the list of those pilgrims of Thy Sacred House whose pilgrimage receive Thy approval, whose wrongdoings are overlooked, and while making decisions and rendering possible things and events make possible for me long life, and enough lawful means of livelihood.
اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مُنَزِّلَ الْقُرْآنِ هَذَا شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِی أَنْزَلْتَ فِیهِ الْقُرْآنَ وَ أَنْزَلْتَ فِیهِ آیَاتٍ بَیِّنَاتٍ مِنَ الْهُدَى وَ الْفُرْقَانِ
اللَّهُمَّ ارْزُقْنَا صِیَامَهُ وَ أَعِنَّا عَلَى قِیَامِهِ اللَّهُمَّ سَلِّمْهُ لَنَا وَ سَلِّمْنَا فِیهِ وَ تَسَلَّمْهُ مِنَّا فِی یُسْرٍ مِنْکَ وَ مُعَافَاةٍ وَ اجْعَلْ فِیمَا تَقْضِی وَ تُقَدِّرُ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ الْمَحْتُومِ وَ فِیمَا تَفْرُقُ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ الْحَکِیمِ فِی لَیْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ مِنَ الْقَضَاءِ الَّذِی لا یُرَدُّ وَ لا یُبَدَّلُ أَنْ تَکْتُبَنِی مِنْ حُجَّاجِ بَیْتِکَ الْحَرَامِ الْمَبْرُورِ حَجُّهُمْ الْمَشْکُورِ سَعْیُهُمْ الْمَغْفُورِ ذُنُوبُهُمْ الْمُکَفَّرِ عَنْهُمْ سَیِّئَاتُهُمْ وَ اجْعَلْ فِیمَا تَقْضِی وَ تُقَدِّرُ أَنْ تُطِیلَ لِی فِی عُمْرِی وَ تُوَسِّعَ عَلَیَّ مِنَ الرِّزْقِ الْحَلالِ
The first day
  • Ghusl
  • After the rising of dawn (tulu' al-fajr), the following supplication should be recited:
O Allah the month of Ramadan has set in. Thou has made fasting obligatory on each day of this month,
and in this month Thou sent down the Qur'an, a guidance to mankind, wherein are signs to distinguish between good and evil.
O Allah make us observe fast, respond to its calling, let it take care of our affairs, and keep us in good condition and look after our welfare and comfort through Thy consent.
Verily Thou art able to do all things.
"اَللّهُمَّ قَدْ حَضَرَ شَهْرُ رَمَضانَ وَقَدِ افْتَرَضْتَ عَلَینا صِیامَهُ
وَاَنْزَلْتَ فیهِ الْقُرآنَ هُدی لِلنّاسِ وَبَیناتٍ مِنَ الْهُدی وَالْفُرْقانِ
اَللّهُمَّ اَعِنّا عَلی صِیامِهِ وَتَقَبَّلْهُ مِنّا وَتَسَلَّمْهُ مِنّا وَسَلِّمْهُ لَنا فی یسْرٍ مِنَک وَعافِیةٍ
اِنَّک عَلی کلِّشَیءٍ قَدیرٌ".
The 13th night (the first night of Ayyam al-Bid)
  • Ghusl
  • 4 rak'as of prayers in each of which Sura al-Hamd is recited once and Sura al-Tawhid is recited 25 times
  • Two rak'as of prayers in each of which Sura al-Hamd is recited once and then Sura Yasin, Sura al-Mulk and Sura al-Tawhid are recited.
The 14th night
  • 4 rak'as of prayers in each of which Sura al-Hamd is recited first and then Sura Yasin, Sura al-Mulk, and Sura al-Tawhid are recited.
The 15th night
  • Ghusl
  • 100 rak'as of prayers in each of which Sura al-Hamd is recited once and then Sura al-Tawhid is recited 10 times.
  • 6 rak'as of prayers in each of which Sura al-Hamd is recited first and then Sura Yasin, Sura al-Mulk and Sura al-Tawhid are recited.
The nights of Laylat al-Qadr Laylat al-Qadr is the most important night of the year for Muslims. There are many practices recommended to be done in this night. For Shiites, Laylat al-Qadr is one of the three following nights of Ramadan: 19th, 21st, 23rd. But most Sunni Muslims take it to be the 27th of Ramadan. See recommended practices of Laylat al-Qadr.
The last decade of Ramadan In the last ten days of the month of Ramadan specific practices are recommended; the Prophet (s) always practiced i'tikaf in this decade in his Mosque.
The last night of Ramadan
  • Reciting istighfar (اَسْتَغْفِرُ اللّهَ وَاَتُوبُ اِلَیهِ) 100 times
  • Reciting the supplication:
O Allah the month of Ramadan, in which Thou revealed the Holy Qur'an, now is at its end
I take refuge with Thy kindest disposition, O Lord, lest the dawn of this night breaks forth, or the month of Ramadan comes to an end, and I stand as an accused sinner, liable to be punished, on the day I am presented before Thee.
"اَللَّهُمَّ هَذَا شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِی أَنْزَلْتَ فِیهِ الْقُرْآنَ وَ قَدْ تَصَرَّمَ
وَ أَعُوذُ بِوَجْهِک الْکرِیمِ یا رَبِّ أَنْ یطْلُعَ الْفَجْرُ مِنْ لَیلَتِی هَذِهِ أَوْ یتَصَرَّمَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَ لَک قِبَلِی تَبِعَةٌ أَوْ ذَنْبٌ تُرِیدُ أَنْ تُعَذِّبَنِی بِهِ یوْمَ أَلْقَاک".
  • Reciting the supplication:
O Allah let not my days of fasting in the month of Ramadan be the last obligation (end of my life term). I take refuge with Thee lest the dawn of this night breaks forth without me having been positively forgiven. "اللَّهُمَّ لا تَجْعَلْهُ آخِرَ الْعَهْدِ مِنْ صِیامِی لِشَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ أَعُوذُ بِک أَنْ یطْلُعَ فَجْرُ هَذِهِ اللَّیلَةِ إِلا وَ قَدْ غَفَرْتَ لِی".
The last day
  • Reciting the supplication:
O Allah unlock the doors of understanding, through the Holy Qur'an, so that my heart and mind know the truth, my body regulates its movements, my wisdom sees the light, my speech and expression become fluent and rational, and let it be like that till I am alive, for verily there is no power and no strength with anyone but Thee اللَّهُمَّ اشْرَحْ بِالْقُرْآنِ صَدْرِي وَ اسْتَعْمِلْ بِالْقُرْآنِ بَدَنِي وَ نَوِّرْ بِالْقُرْآنِ بَصَرِي وَ أَطْلِقْ بِالْقُرْآنِ لِسَانِي وَ أَعِنِّي عَلَيْهِ مَا أَبْقَيْتَنِي فَإِنَّهُ لا حَوْلَ وَ لا قُوَّةَ إِلا بِكَ.
  • Reciting the supplication:

"اَللّهُمَّ اِنِّی اَسْئَلُک اِخْباتَ الْمُخْبِتینَ وَاِخْلاصَ الْمُوقِنینَ وَمُرافَقَةَ الاْبْرارِ وَاسْتِحْقاقَ حَقائِقِ الاْ یمانِ وَالْغَنیمَةَ مِنْ کلِّ بِرٍّ وَالسَّلامَةَ مِنْ کلِّ اِثْمٍ وَوُجُوبَ رَحْمَتِک وَعَزآئِمَ مَغْفِرَتِک وَالْفَوْزَ بِالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّجاةَ مِنَ النّارِ".

Short Daily Supplications

One common daily practice among Shiites in the Ramadan is the recitation of short supplications specific to each day of Ramadan. They are usually recited after obligatory prayers.

Recommended Prayers

In addition to prayers that are recommended (mustahab) or obligatory in other months of the year, such as the 5 daily obligatory prayers as well as nawafil and the night prayer, there are prayers that are specifically recommended for the Ramadan. Some of these are recommended to be said every night and some are specific to a particular day or night of Ramadan. There are specifically recommended prayers for the nights of Laylat al-Qadr.

Farewell to the Ramadan

For people who are used to worships in this month, it is difficult to say goodbye to it, since it is the end of God's banquet. There is a supplication cited from Imam al-Sajjad (a) as a farewell to the Ramadan (See The 45th Supplication of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya). In this supplication, the Imam (a) salutes Ramadan and counts it as the greatest month of God, the most precious time of the year, and an honorable companion. There is also a supplication cited from Imam al-Sadiq (a) as a farewell to the month of Ramadan (See Supplication of Farewell to Ramadan (by Imam al-Sadiq)).

References

External Links