Infallibility of Imams: Difference between revisions

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 |source=Qur'an 33:33}}
-This verse has also been cited as evidence for the infallibility of the Imams (a). Some have structured the argument from this verse as follows:
+This verse has also been cited as evidence for the infallibility of the Imams (a).<ref>Sayyid Murtaḍā, ''al-Shāfī fī al-imāma'', vol. 3, p. 134, 135; Baḥrānī, ''Manār al-hudā'', p. 464, 467; Subḥānī, ''al-Ilāhīyāt'', vol. 4, p. 125; Ḥammūd, ''al-Fawāʾid al-bahīyya'', vol. 2, p. 92, 93.</ref> Some have structured the argument from this verse as follows:
 A. "[[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]]" (the Household) in the al-Tathir Verse refers to the [[Five Companions of the Cloak (a)]].
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 C. In addition to willing the purification of the Ahl al-Bayt, God ensured the realization of this will, as the verse is intended to praise the Ahl al-Bayt (a) ([[God's existential will]]).
-D. The removal of impurity from the Ahl al-Bayt (a) signifies their infallibility.
+D. The removal of impurity from the Ahl al-Bayt (a) signifies their infallibility.<ref>Fāryāb, ''ʿIṣmat-i imām dar tārīkh-i tafakkur-i imāmīyya'', p. 335, 336.</ref>
-According to numerous hadiths transmitted through both Shiite and Sunni sources, the al-Tathir Verse was revealed regarding the Companions of the Cloak. Therefore, "Ahl al-Bayt (a)" in this verse refers to the Five.
+According to numerous hadiths transmitted through both Shiite<ref>See: Baḥrānī, ''Ghāyat al-marām'', vol. 3, p. 193-211.</ref> and Sunni sources,<ref>See: Muslim Nayshābūrī, ''Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim'', vol. 4, p. 1883, hadith 61; Tirmidhī, ''Sunan al-tirmidhī'', vol. 5, p. 351, hadith 3205, p. 352, hadith 3206, p. 663, hadith 3787.</ref> the al-Tathir Verse was revealed regarding the Companions of the Cloak. Therefore, "Ahl al-Bayt (a)" in this verse refers to the Five.<ref>Baḥrānī, ''Ghāyat al-marām'', vol. 3, p. 193; Ṭabāṭabāʾī, ''al-Mīzān'', vol. 16, p. 311, 312; Subḥānī, ''Manshūr-i jāwīd'', vol. 4, p. 387-392.</ref>
 ==Appeal to Hadiths==
-Numerous [[hadiths]], transmitted through the [[Prophet's (s) companions]] and the [[Imams (a)]], have been cited as evidence for the infallibility of the Imams (a), such as Hadith al-Thaqalayn and Hadith al-Safina.
+Numerous [[hadiths]], transmitted through the [[Prophet's (s) companions]] and the [[Imams (a)]], have been cited as evidence for the infallibility of the Imams (a),<ref>See: Khazzāz al-Qummī, ''Kifāyat al-athar'', p. 16-19, 29, 36-38, 45, 76, 99, 100-104; Ibn ʿUqda al-Kūfī,  ''Faḍaʾīl Amīr al-Muʾminīn'', p. 154, 155; Baḥrānī, ''Manār al-hudā'', p. 665-673.</ref> such as Hadith al-Thaqalayn and Hadith al-Safina.
 ===Hadith al-Thaqalayn===
 {{Main|Hadith al-Thaqalayn}}
-Explicitly emphasizing the inseparability of the [[Quran]] and the Ahl al-Bayt (a), as it states, "the two will never separate until they come to me at the pond," this hadith implies the infallibility of the Ahl al-Bayt (a), since any [[sins]] or mistakes on their part would result in their separation from the Quran. Furthermore, the Prophet (s) stated in this hadith that one who follows the Quran and the Ahl al-Bayt (a) will never go astray. This also suggests the Ahl al-Bayt's infallibility, as unconditional adherence to them would otherwise lead to misguidance if they were not infallible. In other words, this hadith signifies the obligation to obey the Ahl al-Bayt (a), where such an obligation indicates their infallibility.
+Explicitly emphasizing the inseparability of the [[Quran]] and the Ahl al-Bayt (a), as it states, "the two will never separate until they come to me at the pond," this hadith implies the infallibility of the Ahl al-Bayt (a), since any [[sins]] or mistakes on their part would result in their separation from the Quran.<ref>See: Mufīd, ''al-Masāʾil al-Jarūdīyya'', p. 42; Ibn ʿAṭiyya, ''Abha l-murād'', vol. 1, p. 131; Baḥrānī, ''Manār al-hudā'', p. 671; Ḥammūd, ''al-Fawāʾid al-bahīyya'', vol. 2, p. 95.</ref> Furthermore, the Prophet (s) stated in this hadith that one who follows the Quran and the Ahl al-Bayt (a) will never go astray. This also suggests the Ahl al-Bayt's (a) infallibility, as unconditional adherence to them would otherwise lead to misguidance if they were not infallible.<ref>Ibn ʿAṭiyya, ''Abha l-murād'', vol. 1, p. 131; Baḥrānī, ''Manār al-hudā'', p. 671; Ḥammūd, ''al-Fawāʾid al-bahīyya'', vol. 2, p. 95.</ref> In other words, this hadith signifies the obligation to obey the Ahl al-Bayt (a), where such an obligation indicates their infallibility.<ref>Ḥalabī, ''al-Kāfī fī al-fiqh'', p. 97.</ref>
-In Shiite hadiths, "Ahl al-Bayt" in the Hadith of the Two Weighty Things is interpreted as referring to the [[Shiite Imams (a)]]. Some Sunni scholars believe that "Ahl al-Bayt" here refers to the Companions of the Cloak, with others identifying its foremost example as Imam Ali (a).
+In Shiite hadiths, "Ahl al-Bayt" in the Hadith of the Two Weighty Things is interpreted as referring to the [[Shiite Imams (a)]].<ref>See: Khazzāz al-Qummī, ''Kifāyat al-athar'', p. 87, 92, 192, 137; Ṣadūq, ''ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā'', vol. 1, p. 57.</ref> Some Sunni scholars<ref>Munāwī, ''Fayḍ al-qadīr'', vol. 3, p. 14.</ref> believe that "Ahl al-Bayt" here refers to the Companions of the Cloak, with others identifying its foremost example as Imam Ali (a).
 Some Shiite theologians believe that Hadith al-Thaqalayn is a [[Mutawatir Hadith|frequently transmitted]] hadith, leaving no doubt about its authenticity. Others argue that, while it may not be mutawatir in its exact wording, it is so in terms of its meaning.