Abd Allah Mamaqani

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Abd Allah Mamaqani
Personal Information
Birth1290/1873
Place of BirthNajaf
Studied inNajaf
Death1351/1933
Burial PlaceNajaf
Scholarly Information
ProfessorsMuhammad Hasan Mamaqani
Studentsal-Sayyid Sa'id al-Hakim • Sayyid Shihab al-Din Mar'ashi Najafi
Permission for
Ijtihad From		Muhammad Hasan Mamaqani
WorksTanqih al-maqal fi 'ilm al-rijal


ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad Ḥasan Māmaqānī or Mamaqānī (Arabic:عبدالله بن محمدحسن مامقانی) (b. 1290/1873 - d. 1351/1933) is a Shi'a scholar in rijal of the 14th/20 century. He was one of the great scholars of Najaf and had many students, including Sayyid Shihab al-Din Mar'ashi Najafi. He has written some works, the most important of which is Tanqih al-maqal. Holding mourning sessions and founding a library in Najaf are some of his social activities.

Biography

Abd Allah Mamaqani was born on Rabi' I 15, 1290/May 13, 1873 in Najaf. His father, Muhammad Hasan Mamaqani was a student of al-Shaykh Murtada al-Ansari and Sayyid Husayn Kuhkamara'i. His grandfather Shaykh Abd Allah b. Muhammad Baqir (d. 1247/1831-2) was also a jurist who had Permission for ijtihad and Permission for hadith transmission from the author of Riyad al-masa'il.[1]

Ayatollah Shaykh Muhammad Hasan Mamaqani was one of the great scholars of his time and had Muqallids (followers) (especially after the demise of Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad Hasan Shirazi in 1312/1894-5) from Turkey, Caucasus, and Iran – especially from Azarbaijan region and Tehran.

Demise and Grave

Mamaqani passed away on Sunday, Shawwal 16, 1351/February 12, 1933, at the age of 61 and was buried in his father's mausoleum located in al-'Imara neighborhood in Najaf.

Children

He had nine children, including eight daughters and a son, and his son was Shaykh Muhyi al-Din Mamaqani (d. 1429/2008).

Education

His education started when he was 5 years old by learning how to read and write and also by learning the Qur'an. Then he studied under his father many preliminary topics of al-Hawza al-'Ilmiyya, such as Arabic grammar, logic, and mathematics. He finished the preliminary level of seminary, including Qawanin al-Usul, Riyad al-masa'il, Fara'id al-usul and al-Makasib, by studying under his father and other scholars and jurists in Najaf.[2]

At the age of 18, he started participating in advanced courses of jurisprudence and principles of jurisprudence of his father, who was one of the teachers of advanced courses (Bahth al-Kharij) in Najaf. Years later, he received his Permission of ijtihad from his father, who was very careful in issuing the Permissions.[3]

Professors

  • Muhammad Hasan Mamaqani (his father)
  • Shaykh Hashim b. Zayn al-'Abidin Tabrizi (d. 1323/1905-6),[4]
  • Shaykh Ghulam Husayn Darbandi Turki (d. 1321/1903-4),[5]
  • Shaykh Hasan Khurasani, known as Mirza (d. 1313/1995-6).[6]

Students

Founding Library

In addition to teaching students, training religious preachers, and holding mourning sessions, Ayatollah Mamaqani founded an important library in which more than 400 unique manuscripts – each said to be important research sources – were kept.[8]

This library was one of the richest libraries in Najaf and was located in the al-'Imara neighbourhood. After the demise of Ayatollah Mamaqani, the library and the house next to it, which was waqf (endowment) and the books were kept in, were demolished by the Ba'th Regime on the pretext of urban development.

Ayatollah Mamaqani was very interested in books and reading them. He aspired to make books available to the public. Therefore, if he was informed that one owns the only copy of a book, he would ask the one to lend him the book, then the Ayatollah paid all the costs of copying the book, therefore, making it available to the public.[9]

Works

Main article: List of Works by Abd Allah Mamaqani

He had written several books in different fields of Islamic sciences including hadith, jurisprudence, principals of jurisprudence, rijal. The most important one among them is Tanqih al-maqal, a comprehensive Arabic book on 'Ilm al-rijal, in which he discussed around 16000 hadith transmitters.

Characteristics

  • Shaykh Aqa Buzurg Tihrani praises him by saying: "he has gathered knowledge and wisdom with piety and asceticism, as he has balanced fame and position with humility and good manners."[10]
  • Shaykh 'Abbas Qummi has described him as an experienced scholar and a deep-thinking researcher.[11]
  • His student, Muhammad Sa'id al-Hakim, says: "He was very knowledgeable, he was the forerunner of researchers, the Sultan of thinkers in religious studies, the great sign of God who left valuable writings."[12]

Notes

  1. ↑ Ḥirz al-Dīn, Maʿārif al-rijāl, vol. 2, p. 14; Anṣārī, Zindigī wa shakhṣīyyat Shaykh Anṣārī, p. 239; Tarbiyat, Dānishmandān-i Āzarbāyjān, p. 11.
  2. ↑ Māmaqānī, Miqbās al-hidāya, vol. 1, p. 19; Mudarris Tabrīzī, Rayḥānat al-adab, vol. 5, p. 159; Āqā Buzurg al-Tihrānī, Ṭabaqāt aʿlām al-Shīʿa, vol. 3, p. 1196; Ḥirz al-Dīn, Maʿārif al-rijāl, vol. 2, p. 21.
  3. ↑ Āqā Buzurg al-Tihrānī, Ṭabaqāt aʿlām al-Shīʿa, vol. 3, p. 1197; Māmaqānī, Miqbās al-hidāya, vol. 1, p. 19; Mudarris Tabrīzī, Rayḥānat al-adab, vol. 5, p. 159.
  4. ↑ Āqā Buzurg al-Tihrānī, Ṭabaqāt aʿlām al-Shīʿa, vol. 3, p. 1196; Ḥirz al-Dīn, Maʿārif al-rijāl, vol. 3, p. 270.
  5. ↑ Ḥirz al-Dīn, Maʿārif al-rijāl, vol. 3, p. 21, 397.
  6. ↑ Ḥirz al-Dīn, Maʿārif al-rijāl, vol. 3, p. 21; Āqā Buzurg al-Tihrānī, Ṭabaqāt aʿlām al-Shīʿa, vol. 3, p. 1196.
  7. ↑ Tanqīḥ al-maqāl, Edited by Muḥammad Riḍā Mamaqānī, p. 198; Sayyid Kibārī, Hawzahā-yi ʿilmiyya Shīʿa dar gustara-yi jahān, p. 491.
  8. ↑ Āl-i Maḥbūba, Māḍī al-Najaf wa ḥādiruhā, vol. 3, p. 256.
  9. ↑ Gurjī, ʿAbd Allāh Mamaqānī, list of scholars.
  10. ↑ Āqā Buzurg al-Tihrānī, Ṭabaqāt aʿlām al-Shīʿa, vol. 3, p. 1197.
  11. ↑ Qummī, al-Kunā wa l-alqāb, vol. 3, p. 134.
  12. ↑ Tanqīḥ al-maqāl, vol. 3, last word of Yaʾ.

References

  • Āqā Buzurg al-Tihrānī, Muḥammad Muḥsin. Ṭabaqāt aʿlām al-Shīʿa (Nuqabā al-bashar fī al-qarn al-rābiʿ al-ʿashar). Bierut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī li-ṭibaʿat wa al-Nashr wa al-Tawzīʿ, 1430 AH.
  • Āqā Buzurg al-Tihrānī, Muḥammad Muḥsin. Al-Dharīʿa ilā taṣānīf al-shīʿa. collected by Aḥmad b. Muḥammad Ḥusaynī. Beirut: Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, [n.d].
  • Āqā Buzurg al-Tihrānī, Muḥammad Muḥsin. Maṣfa al-maqāl fī muṣannafī al-ʿilm al-rijāl. Edited by Aḥmad Munzawī. 1st edition. Tehran: Chāpkhāna-yi Dawlatī Iran, 1378 Ah.
  • Āl-i Maḥbūba, Jaʿfar al-Shaykh Bāqir. Māḍī al-Najaf wa ḥādiruhā. Edited by Muḥammad Saʿīd Āl-i Maḥbūba. Beirut: Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, 1986.
  • Anṣārī, Murtaḍā. Zindigī wa shakhṣīyyat Shaykh Anṣārī. Qom: Dabīrkhāna-yi Kungira-yi Buzurgdāsht-i Diwistumīn Sālgard-i Mīlād-i Shaykh Anṣārī, 1372 Sh.
  • Gurjī, ʿAlī. ʿAbd Allāh Mamaqānī. The website of Farhīkhtigān-i tamaddun-i Shīʿī. Accessed: 2021/08/11.
  • Ḥirz al-Dīn, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Maʿārif al-rijāl. Qom: Kitābkhāna-yi Marʿashī Najafī, 1405 AH.
  • Mamaqānī, ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥasan. Tanqīḥ al-maqāl fī ʿilm al-rijāl. Najaf: 1349-1352 Sh.
  • Māmaqānī, ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥasan. Miqbās al-hidāya fī ʿilm al-dirāya. Edited by Muḥammad Riḍā Mamaqānī. 1411 AH.
  • Mudarris Tabrīzī, Muḥammad ʿAlī. Rayḥānat al-adab. Tehran: Khayyām, 1369 Sh.
  • Qummī, Shaykh ʿAbbās. Al-Kunā wa l-alqāb. Edited by Muḥammad Hādī Amīnī. Tehran: Maktabat al-Ṣadr, 1368 Sh.
  • Sayyid Kibārī, ʿAlī Riḍā. Hawzahā-yi ʿilmiyya Shīʿa dar gustara-yi jahān. Tehran: Nashr-i Amīr Kabīr, 1378 Sh.
  • Tarbiyat, Muḥammad ʿAlī. Dānishmandān-i Āzarbāyjān. Edited by Sīrūs Qamarī. Tabriz: Kitābkhāna-yi Firdawsī, 1324 SH.
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