Qays b. al-Ash'ath al-Kindi
| Perpetrators of the Event of Karbala | |
|---|---|
| Lineage | Kinda tribe |
| Well-known Relatives | Ash'ath b. Qays al-Kindi (father), Ja'da (sister) |
| Place of Residence | Kufa |
| Cause of Death | Was killed by Abu 'Amra |
| Era | Umayyad |
| Known for | Inviting Imam al-Husayn (a) to Kufa |
| Activities | Betraying Imam al-Husayn (a), taking head of martyrs of Karbala to Ibn Ziyad, stealing the robe of Imam al-Husayn (a) |
In the Event of Karbala, Qays b. Ashʿath b. Qays al-Kindī (Arabic:قيس بن أشعث الكندي) was in the army of 'Umar b. Sa'd.
In the event of Karbala, Qays was among those who wrote a letter to Imam al-Husayn (a) and asked him to go to Kufa, but after Ibn Ziyad became dominant over Kufa, changed his position. On the Day of 'Ashura, he was in the army of 'Umar b. Sa'd and participated in looting the tents and stole the robe of Imam al-Husayn (a). He was among the people who took the heads of the martyrs of Karbala to Ibn Ziyad.
His Lineage and Descendants
His father, Ash'ath b. Qays al-Kindi was the chief of the Kinda tribe and Imam Ali's (a) agent in Azerbaijan. Although in the Battle of Siffin, he was in the army of Imam (a), but he played a role in provoking Khawarij against Imam (a).[1] After his father, Qays became the chief of the Kinda tribe.
His mother, Umm Farwa was a daughter of Abu Quhafa and thus he was a nephew of the First Caliph.[2] In the event of Karbala, his brother, Muhammad b. Ash'ath was also in the army of 'Umar b. Sa'd who was cursed by Imam al-Husayn (a) because of denying his relationship with the Prophet (s). Their sister, Ja'da was the wife of Imam al-Hasan (a) and killed him.[3]
Imam al-Sadiq (a) said that Ash'ath b. Qays had a role in the martyrdom of Imam Ali (a) and his son, Muhammad b. Ash'ath had a role in the martyrdom of Imam al-Husayn (a) and also mentioned the role of Ja'da in the martyrdom of Imam al-Hasan (a).[4]
When Imam Ali (a) was hit by the sword, Ash'ath b. Qays sent his son, Qays to report to him about the condition of Imam (a).[5]
In the Event of 'Ashura
Qays b. Ash'ath was among those who wrote a letter to Imam al-Husayn (a) before the event of Karbala and asked him to go to Kufa.[6] In his speech for the army of 'Umar b. Sa'd on the day of 'Ashura, Imam al-Husayn (a) addressed Qays as one of those who wrote a letter to Imam (a).[7]
According to different sources, after the martyrdom of Imam al-Husayn (a), Qays n. Ash'ath stole the robe of Imam (a) and thus became famous as Qays Qatifa.[8] Ibn Jawzi said that he stole the turban of Imam (a).[9] He was also among those who took the heads of the martyrs of Karbala to Ibn Ziyad.[10] It is said that he took 13 heads with himself.[11]
When Imam al-Husayn (a) sent 'Abbas b. Ali (a) to 'Umar b. Sa'd to spare the night of 'Ashura, he was among those who asked 'Umar b. Sa'd to accept that.[12]
After the Event of Karbala
After the event of Karbala, Qays avoided going to Basra fearful of being admonished by the people of Basra and took refuge to 'Abd Allah b. Kamil (who was among the commanders of Mukhtar) in Kufa, but Mukhtar sent Abu 'Amra to his hiding and killed him.[13]
Notes
- ↑ Balādhurī, Jumal min ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 2, p. 296; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 4, p. 561.
- ↑ Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istīʿāb, vol. 4, p. 1950.
- ↑ Masʿūdī, Murūj al-dhahab, vol. 2, p. 427.
- ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, vol. 8, p. 167.
- ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā, vol. 3, p. 27; Balādhurī, Jumal min ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 2, p. 496.
- ↑ Ibn Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 4, p. 20, 31; Balādhurī, Jumal min ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 3, p. 158; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 5, p. 353.
- ↑ Ibn Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 4, p. 62; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 5, p. 425; Ibn al-Jawzī, al-Muntaẓam, vol. 5, p. 339.
- ↑ Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl, p. 302; Balādhurī, Jumal min ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 3, p. 204; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 5, p. 453; Ibn Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 4, p. 78.
- ↑ Ibn al-Jawzī, al-Muntaẓam, vol. 5, p. 341.
- ↑ Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl, p. 259; Balādhurī, Jumal min ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 3, p. 207; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 5, p. 468; Ibn al-Jawzī, al-Muntaẓam, vol. 5, p. 341.
- ↑ Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl, p. 259; Balādhurī, Jumal min ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 3, p. 207; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 5, p. 468.
- ↑ Balādhurī, Jumal min ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 3, p. 185; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 5, p. 417; Ibn Athīr, al-Kāmil, vol. 4, p. 62.
- ↑ Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl, p. 302.
References
- Balādhurī, Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā al-. Jumal min ansāb al-ashrāf. Edited by Suhayl Zakār and Riyāḍ al-Ziriklī. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1417 AH.
- Dīnawarī, Aḥmad b. Dāwūd al-. Al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl. Edited by ʿAbd al-Munʿim ʿĀmir and Jamāl al-Dīn Shiyāl. Qom: Manshūrāt al-Sharīf al-Raḍī, 1368 Sh.
- Ibn Athīr al-Jazarī, ʿAlī b. Abī l-Karam. Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir, 1385 AH
- Ibn al-Jawzī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAlī. Al-Muntaẓam fī tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭāʾ and Musṭafā ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭāʾ. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1412 AH.
- Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad. Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1410 AH.
- Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, Yūsuf b. ʿAbd Allāh. Al-Istīʿāb fī maʿrifat al-aṣḥāb. Edited by ʿAlī Muḥammad al-Bajāwī. Beirut: Dār al-Jīl, 1412 AH.
- Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb al-. Al-Kāfī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1365 AH.
- Masʿūdī, ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn al-. Murūj al-dhahab wa maʿadin al-jawhar. Edited by Asʿad Dāghir. Qom: Dār al-Hijra, 1409 AH.
- Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-. Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk. Edited by Muḥammad Abu l-faḍl Ibrāhīm. Beirut: Dar al-Turāth, 1387 AH.