Sayyid Abd al-Husayn Dastghayb

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Sayyid Abd al-Husayn Dastghayb
Personal Information
Full NameSayyid 'Abd al-Husayn Dastghayb Shirazi
BirthMuharram 10, 1332/December 9, 1913
ResidenceShiraz
DeathSafar 13, 1402/December 11, 1981
Burial PlaceIn the Shrine of Ahmad b. Musa b. Ja'far in Shiraz
Scholarly Information
ProfessorsSayyid Abu l-Hasan Isfahani, Muhammad Kazim Shirazi etc.
WorksGonahan-i Kabira , Qalb-i Salim, Dastan-ha-yi Shigift etc.
Socio-Political Activities
Socio-Political
Activities		Imam of Friday Prayer of Shiraz. Full support of Imam Khomeini and Islamic Revolution of Iran


Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Dastghayb (Persian: سید عبدالحسین دستغیب) (b. Muharram 10, 1332/December 9, 1913 - d. Safar 13, 1402/December 11, 1981), was a Shi'a jurist and the Imam of Friday prayer in Shiraz, Iran.

Biography

He was born in Muharram 10, 1332/December 9, 1913[1] in a religious family in Shiraz. The Dastgheib family belongs to Husayni Sadat who has also been called Hasani Husayni Sadat. His father Muhammad Taqi and his grandfather Seyyid Hidayat Allah were among the scholars and mujtahids of Fars province.[2]

Education

Abd al-Husayn completed his elementary education under his father. After his father passed away, he took care of his mother, three sisters and two younger brothers. He continued his studies under different teachers such as Ayatollah Ali Akbar Arsanjani and Mulla Ahmad Darabi.[3]

At the age of twenty, Dastghayb became the Imam of the congregational prayer of Baqirkhan mosque, in Bazaar-Morgh neighborhood in Shiraz.

To keep wearing his cleric outfit at the time of Reza Shah Pahlavi, he had to attend the exams for the students of religious studies, held by the organization of religious teachings. He passed the exams successfully and he could keep wearing his cleric outfit. Later, he was arrested for provocative remarks and oppositions against the regime, and was imprisoned. He was made to choose between exile and abandoning wearing the cleric outfit. As a result, he left the country for Najaf in 1354/1935.

In Najaf, he continued his studies in high levels by attending classes of scholars like Mohammad Kazim Shirazi and Sayyid Abu l-Hasan Isfahani.[4] Following the advice of his teacher, Muhammad Kazim Shirazi, he returned to Shiraz after the fall of Reza Shah's regime.[5]

Social Activities

In addition to giving sermons, teaching and writing, Dastghayb supported charity works such as establishing and renovation of mosques and schools like Atiq Mosque of Shiraz and Religious School of Hakim.[6]

Pre-Revolution Struggles

During decades of his activity before the Islamic Revolution, Dastghayb , who was the preacher of Atiq Mosque of Shiraz, criticized the social situation in Iran and the expansion of secularism in the country. After beginning of the White Revolution in early 1970s, he followed Scholars and Maraji' to oppose against the famous "law of provincial and local congresses".

Another opposition of Dastghayb against the Pahlavi Regime was his opposition against recognition of Israeli Regime as an official state.[7] His revolutionary statements made him imprisoned several times.[8] Due to his harsh speeches, SAVAK banned him from giving lectures.[9] He also seriously opposed to holding the Art Festival of Shiraz and criticized an article in the newspaper of Ettela'at published on Muharram 29, 1398/January 9, 1978 in which the writer discredited Imam Khomeini.[10]

After Revolution

Ayatollah Dastghiyb and Imam Khomeini

After Islamic Revolution in February 1979, following many requests received from the people of Shiraz, Imam Khomeini appointed Dastghayb as the imam of Friday prayer in Shiraz. He was also chosen as Imam Khomeini's representative in Fars province and the representative of the people of the province in the Assembly of Experts for Constitution.[11] Dastghayb 's major attitude after the Islamic revolution was following Imam Khomeini and supporting wilayat al-faqih.[12] As the imam of Friday prayer, Dastghayb had an impressive role in explaining the basis of Islamic Revolution and defending the position of the clergies and the Islamic government.[13]

In the early years after the Islamic Revolution, he resisted and exposed opposition groups against the Islamic Revolution, especially The MEK. On Safar 13, 1402 (December 11, 1981), he was shot and assassinated by a member of the MEK while he was going to Friday Prayer.[14] In his announcement regarding Dastghayb 's martyrdom, Imam Khomeini called him "the teacher of ethics, the purifier of souls, and devoted to Islam and Islamic Revolution".[15]

Works

Dastghayb wrote tens of books in different Islamic topics; mostly in the field of Ethics. Over a million copies of some of his books such as Gunahan-i Kabira (Grave Sins) and Ma'ad (the Day of Judgment) were printed.[16]

  • Gunahan-i Kabira (translated to English as Greater Sins)
  • Qalb-i Salim (translated to English as Immaculate Conscience)
  • Dastanha-yi Shigift (Odd Stories)
  • Ma'ad (translated to English as The Hereafter)
  • Zindigani-yi Siddiqa Kubra Fatima Zahra (a) (The life of Fatima al-Zahra' (a))

Gallery

Notes

  1. ↑ Sharīf Rāzī, Ganjīna-yi dānishmandān, vol. 5, p. 443; Subḥānī, Simā-yi farzānigān, vol. 2, p. 605.
  2. ↑ Fasāʾī, Fārsnāma-yi Nāṣirī, vol. 2, p. 914; Nūrmuḥammadī, Shahīd Dastghayb; lāla-yi miḥrāb, p. 18-20; Mudarrisī, and Kāẓimaynī. Dānishnāma-yi aʾimma jumʿa-yi kishwar, vol. 1, p. 360.
  3. ↑ Nūrmuḥammadī, Shahīd Dastghayb; lāla-yi miḥrāb, p. 26-27; 35-36; Mudarrisī, and Kāẓimaynī. Dānishnāma-yi aʾimma jumʿa-yi kishwar, vol. 1, p. 361.
  4. ↑ Subḥānī, Simā-yi farzānigān, vol. 2, p. 606; Rabbānī Khalkhālī, Shuhadā-yi ruhāniyyat dar yikṣad sāl-i akhīr, p. 579-580; Nūrmuḥammadī, Shahīd Dastghayb; lāla-yi miḥrāb, p. 39-42.
  5. ↑ Nūrmuḥammadī, Shahīd Dastghayb; lāla-yi miḥrāb, p. 53; Dastghayb, Yādwāra-yi shahīd Āyatullāh Ḥāj Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Dastghayb Shirāzī, p. 95.
  6. ↑ Sūdbakhsh, Yādwāra-yi shahīd Ayatullāh Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Dastghayb, p. 18; Yārīn-i Imīm bi rivāyat-i asnād-i SAVAK, vol. 10, p. 21.
  7. ↑ Yārīn-i Imīm bi rivāyat-i asnād-i SAVAK, volume 10, p. 118, 146, 248, 258, 590, 631.
  8. ↑ Dastghayb, Yādwāra-yi shahīd Āyatullāh Ḥāj Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Dastghayb Shirāzī, p. 38-39, 42; Rabbānī Khalkhālī, Shuhadā-yi ruhāniyyat dar yikṣad sāl-i akhīr, p. 581.
  9. ↑ Dastghayb, Yādwāra-yi shahīd Āyatullāh Ḥāj Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Dastghayb Shirāzī, p. 43; Nūrmuḥammadī, Shahīd Dastghayb; lāla-yi miḥrāb, p. 106.
  10. ↑ Yārīn-i Imīm bi rivāyat-i asnād-i SAVAK, vol. 10, p. 479-495; Dastghayb, Yādwāra-yi shahīd Āyatullāh Ḥāj Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Dastghayb Shirāzī, p. 42-43.
  11. ↑ Imām Khomeinī, Ṣaḥīfa-yi nūr, vol. 8, p. 22; Yārīn-i Imīm bi rivāyat-i asnād-i SAVAK, vol. 10, p. 16.
  12. ↑ Dastghayb, Yādwāra-yi shahīd Āyatullāh Ḥāj Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Dastghayb Shirāzī, p. 57-59.
  13. ↑ Dastghayb, Khuṭbahā-yi jumʿa, vol. 1, p. 83-86; 127, 171-173, 269-274, 382, 401-404, and ...
  14. ↑ Dastghayb, Yādwāra-yi shahīd Āyatullāh Ḥāj Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Dastghayb Shirāzī, p. 61-65; Yārīn-i Imīm bi rivāyat-i asnād-i SAVAK, vol. 10, p. 19-20.
  15. ↑ Imām Khomeinī, Ṣaḥīfa-yi nūr, vol. 15, p. 253-255.
  16. ↑ Yārīn-i Imīm bi rivāyat-i asnād-i SAVAK, vol. 10, p. 22.

Reference

  • Dastghayb, Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn. Khuṭbahā-yi jumʿa. Qom: 1363 Sh.
  • Dastghayb, Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn. Gurūhak-hā. Shiraz: 1362 Sh.
  • Dastghayb, Muḥammad Hāshim. Yādwāra-yi shahīd Āyatullāh Ḥāj Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Dastghayb Shirāzī. Shiraz: 1362 Sh.
  • Fasāʾī, Ḥasan b. Ḥasan. Fārsnāma-yi Nāṣirī. Edited by Manṣūr Rastgār Fasāʾī. Tehran: 1382 Sh.
  • Imām Khomeinī, Sayyid Rūḥ Allāh. Ṣaḥīfa-yi nūr. volumes 8 and 15. Tehran: 1403 AH-1982.
  • Mudarrisī, Muḥammad Kāẓim and Mīrzā Muḥammad Kāẓimaynī. Dānishnāma-yi aʾimma jumʿa-yi kishwar. Yazd: 1384 Sh.
  • Nūrmuḥammadī, Muḥammad Javād. Shahīd Dastghayb; lāla-yi miḥrāb. Tehran: 1423/2003.
  • Nafs-i muṭmaʿinna; Shahīd Āyatullāh Ḥāj Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Dastghayb. Tehran: Vizārat-i Iṭṭilāʿat, Markaz-i Barrasī-yi Asnād-i Tārīkhī, 1419 AH.
  • Rabbānī Khalkhālī, ʿAlī. Shuhadā-yi ruhāniyyat dar yikṣad sāl-i akhīr. Qom: 1402 AH.
  • Subḥānī, Jaʿfar. Simā-yi farzānigān. Qom: 1380 sh.
  • Sūdbakhsh, Muḥammad. Yādwāra-yi shahīd Ayatullāh Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Dastghayb. Shiraz: Nabuwwat, 1361 Sh.
  • Sharīf Rāzī, Muḥammad. Ganjīna-yi dānishmandān. Tehran: 1352-1354 Sh.
  • Yādnāma-yi shahīd rāh-i namāz Āyatullāh Ḥāj Sayyid ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Dastghayb. Tehran: Daftar-i Markazī-yi Ḥizb-i Jumhūrī-yi Islamī-yi Iran, 1402 AH.
  • Yārīn-i Imīm bi rivāyat-i asnād-i SAVAK. volume 10.
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