Sayyid Ahmad Shubayri Zanjani
 | |
| Personal Information | |
|---|---|
| Birth | 1308/1890-1 |
| Place of Birth | Zanjan, Iran |
| Residence | Qom |
| Studied in | Qom |
| Death | Ramadan 29, 1393/October 26, 1973 |
| Burial Place | Qom |
| Scholarly Information | |
| Professors | Abd al-Karim Ha'iri Yazdi • Mirza Muhammad Sadiq Khatun Abadi • Muhammad Rida Najafi Isfahani |
| Works | Al-Kalam yajurr al-kalam |
Sayyid Aḥmad Shubayrī Zanjānī (Persian: سید احمد شبیری زنجانی) was a Shi'a jurist and among the teachers of the seminary of Qom. He was a close friend of Imam Khomeini and Sayyid Muhammad Hujjat Kuhkamara'i and a senior member of his Religous Inquiries Council. Zanjani was the manager of Hujjatiyya Seminary in Qom. He was the leader of the congregational prayer in Faydiyya School and in the Shrine of Lady Ma'suma (a) for a while. Al-Kalam yajurr al-kalam is among his famous works. Ayatollah Sayyid Musa Shubayri Zanjani, among current Shi'a religious authorities, is his son.
Biography and Education
Ayatollah Sayyid Ahmad Husayni (Shubayri) was born in Zanjan (a city in north-west of Iran) in 1308/1890-1. His father Sayyid InAyatollah, son of Mihr Ali Dusarani was among the students of Mulla Qurban Ali Zanjani. He finished his primary and intermediate level of education in his hometown and after a period of teaching in Seyyed school, immigrated to Qom in 1346/1927-8 to continue his education and benefit from Ayatollah Abd al-Karim Ha'iri Yazdi and lived in Qom until the end of his life.
Teachers
- Abd al-Karim Ha'iri Yazdi
- Shaykh Zayn al-Abidin Zanjani
- Mirza Abd al-Rahim Fiqahati
- Mirza Ibrahim Falaki Hukmi Zanjani
- Shaykh Abd al-Karim Khu'ini Zanjani
- Mirza Ahmad Zanjani
- Sayyid Hasan Zanjani
- Haj Aqa Muhammad Aqazade
- Mirza Muhammad Sadiq Khatun Abadi
- Muhammad Rida Najafi Isfahani
Works
- Arba'in
- Afwah al-rijal
- Idah al-ahwal fi ahkam al-halat al-tariyya ala al-amwal
- Iman wa Raj'at
- Bayn al-sayyidayn
- Ta'liqiya ala kitab al-fiqh ala al-madhahib al-arba'a
- Al-Radd ala al-qasimi
- Ghayth al-rabi' fi wajh al-badi'
- Furuqh al-ahkam
- Furugh al-lughah
- Fihrist jami' al-shitat
- Risala Qibla
- Al-Kalam yajurr al-kalam
- Mustathnayat al-ahkam
- Mustanbitat al-a'lam
- Manasik hajj
- Nisab se zabane
- Al-Huda ila al-farq bayn al-rijal wa al-nisa'
Activities
Zanjan
During his stay in Zanjan, Sayyid Ahmad participated in religious activities associated with people of knowledge and sometimes in activities related with important issues of the city. In critical situations, the bazar closed with his agreement. In 1344/1925-6, when Ibn Sa'ud demolished the graves of Imams (a) in Baqi' cemetery in Medina, he and Haj Mirza Mahdi Mirza'i Zanjani—– who was the chief of clergies in Zanjan— wrote letters to different cities and to [shut down the bazars and] make Shawwal 8th off as an expression of aversion toward this crime. He also had a key role in the management of Sayyid seminary of Zanjan and supervised the scientific and moral education of the students.
Qom
Leader of the Congregational Prayer in Faydiyya School
When Ayatollah Hujjat Kuhkamara'i established Hujjatiyya Seminary in 1942, handed its supervision over to Shubayri. Ayatollah Hujjat had also assigned him with writing a part of the answers to istifta'at (religious inquiries). In the absence of Ayatollah Hujjat, Zanjani led the congregational prayer in Balasar mosque and the small courtyard of the shrine of Lady Ma'suma (a) on behalf of Ayatollah Hujjat. Also, in Faydiyya School school, the congregational prayer for zuhr prayer was not held until then; but, Zanjani began holding it there for the first time.
Holding the Meetings of Scholars in Shubayri's House
During the management of grand Ayatollahs Sayyid Sadr al-Din Sadr, Sayyid Muhammad Hujjat Kuhkamara'i and Sayyid Muhammad Taqi Khwansari, the meetings of religious authorities about important and general issues of the seminary were held in the house of Ayatollah Zanjani. The important meeting of great scholars of Qom about the aftermath of the uprising of 15 Khurdad in June 5, 1963 (after Imam Khomeini was captured by the Pahlavi Regime) was held in the mentioned house. He was a member of the council of reformists of the seminary of Qom which was formed at the time of Ayatollah Burujirdi. Ayatollah Burujirdi had also appointed Zanjani with the responsibility of managing judicial issues of clergies, so he was referred to in clerical disputes, and he judged in disputes related to clergies.
Introducing Religious Authority
After the demise of Ayatollah Burujirdi (in 1961), Sayyid Ahmad Shubayri Zanjani introduced two of the scholars of Qom and two of the scholars of Najaf for following. He explained that in Iran, the Shah (Mohammad Reza Pahlavi) tried to diminish the power of the seminary of Qom and draw away attentions from it and experiences proved that the seminary of Qom could maintain the seminary of Najaf, but the seminary of Najaf alone could not maintain the seminary of Qom; thus, if the two were together, they would be like two sides of a balance and they would stay safe. After the demise of Ayatollah Burujirdi, Ayatollah Muhammad 'Ali Araki referred people to Ayatollah Zanjani.
Demise
Sayyid Ahmad Zanjani passed away in Qom in Ramadan 29, 1393/October 26, 1973 and was buried in the Shrine of Lady Ma'suma (a).
References
- The material for this article is mainly taken from سید احمد شبیری زنجانی in Farsi WikiShia.