Al-Sayyid Hashim al-Bahrani

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Al-Sayyid Hashim al-Bahrani
The tomb of al-Sayyid Hashim al-Bahrani in Bahrain
The tomb of al-Sayyid Hashim al-Bahrani in Bahrain
Personal Information
Full NameAl-Sayyid Hāshim al-Tūbilī al-Baḥrānī
Well-Known AsAl-'Allama al-Bahrani
LineageDescendant of al-Sayyid al-Murtada 'Alam al-Huda
Birth1050/1640-1
ResidenceBahrain
Studied inBahrain
Death1107/1695-6 or 1109/1697-8
Burial PlaceBahrain
Scholarly Information


Al-Sayyid Hāshim al-Tūbilī al-Baḥrānī (Arabic: السید هاشم التوبلي البحراني) (b. ~1050/1640-1 d.1107/1695-6 or 1109/1697-8) known as al-'Allama al-Bahrani is from Bahrain and is one of Shi'a jurists, muhaddith and exegetes in eleventh/seventeenth century. He had the social and religious authority of Bahrain people.

The exegetic book of Al-Burhan fi tafsir al-Qur'an belongs to him. Al-Hurr al-'Amili, the writer of the Wasa'il al-Shi'a is one of his students. He passed away in 1107/1695-6 or 1109/1697-8 in Tubli and buried in Matini cemetery.

Family and Birth

His full name is Hashim b. Sulayman b. Isma'il al-Husayni al-Tubili. He is a descendant of al-Sayyid al-Murtada 'Alam al-Huda and through him, the family tree of al-'Allama al-Bahrani reaches to Imam al-Kazim (a). Al-'Allama al-Bahrani born in "Gatkan", a village of Tubli, the capital of Bahrain in the time. His year of birth was about 1050/1640-1.

Education and Teachers

There isn't any information about his education. Also there is no information about his teachers, among them just some of scholars who gave him permission to transmit hadith are known. It seems that he had most of his education in his native land, and had some travels to Najaf and Mashhad. In Mashhad he went to 'Abd al-'Azim b. 'Abbas Astarabadi the Akhbari scholar and one of students of Baha' al-Din al-'Amili and obtained a permission to transmit hadith from him, according to his book, this was before 1074/1663-4. In his travel to Najaf he obtained a permission to transmit hadith from Shaykh Fakhr al-Din al-Turayhi al-Rammahi. According to his book al-Burhan his chain of masters (mashyikh) reaches to al-Shaykh al-Kulayni, al-Shaykh al-Saduq and al-Shaykh al-Tusi.

Religious and Social Status

He had a special social status and after the demise of the great religious authority of the time, Muhammad b. Majid al-Mahuzi, he gained the religious authority of Bahrain in addition to writing and teaching. Al-Bahrani was a judge and in charge of hisbiyya affairs and was managing social matters and pursuing issues of oppressed people. His confrontation the kings of Bahrain and his fight with injustice and plunder and his resistance on enjoining the good and forbidding the evil made him very popular.

Scientific Status

According to his works, he belongs to Akhbari School. His emphasis on learning all of religious knowledge from Ahl al-Bayt (a) in the al-Burhan indicates his point of view.

Al-Bahrani had been teaching until his demise. His effort in collecting the old hadith books is rare among Shi'a scholars, Yusuf al-Bahrani considers only al-'Allama al-Majlisi higher than him in this point, although unlike al-Majlisi, al-Bahrani was only collecting and transmitting hadith without any explanation or comment. Because of his numerous books (75 books according to Afandi Isfahani) and his vast information in various fields of religious knowledge, he is famous as al-'Allama al-Bahrani.

Despite his numerous books and his social status as a marja', there’s not any fatwa book or definitive jurist opinion in his books. This point made some to think that his fiqh knowledge, as the most important Islamic science, was little; but on the contrary, some believe that he refused to write a manual of Islamic law because of his god-wariness and instead, he reported other's fatwas in his books and when answering an istifta'; as this manner is precedent in the history of Shi'a jurist.

Works

Al-Burhan fi tafsir al-Qur'an

Al-'Allama al-Bahrani has many books, which number is said to be up to 75, but his published books are as follows:

Students

Some of his students are:

Also his two sons 'Isa and Muhsin were scholars.

Demise

Al-'Allama al-Bahrani passed away in 1107/1695-6 or 1109/1697-8 and buried in Matini cemetery, Tubli, Bahrain. His tomb has been respected by scholars and ordinary people.

References