Draft:Abd Allāh b. Jubayr
| Commander of archers in the Battle of Uhud | |
|---|---|
| Full Name | 'Abd Allah b. Jubayr b. Nu'man b. Umayya b. Imru' al-Qays |
| Teknonym | Abu Mundhir |
| Religious Affiliation | Ansar |
| Lineage | Banu Tha'laba - Aws |
| Well-known Relatives | Khawwat b. Jubayr |
| Death | 3/625 (Battle of Uhud) |
| Cause of Death | At the hands of 'Ikrima b. Abi Jahl |
| Burial Place | Uhud Cemetery |
| Notable roles | Commander of archers in the Battle of Uhud |
Abd Allāh b. Jubayr (d. 3/625), fully known as Abū Mundhir 'Abd Allāh b. Jubayr b. Nu'mān b. Umayya b. Imruʾ al-Qays,[1] was a prominent Companion of the Prophet (s) and a martyr of the Battle of Uhud.[2] He belonged to the Ansar and hailed from the Banu Tha'laba branch of the Aws tribe.[3] His brother, Khawwat, was also a noted Companion of the Prophet (s).
'Abd Allah attended the Pledge of 'Aqaba, where he pledged allegiance to the Prophet (s) alongside seventy members of the Ansar.[4] Following the migration of the Prophet (s), he, along with Sahl b. Hunayf, participated in the destruction of the idols of Medina, which were subsequently distributed to Muslims for use as firewood.[5]
The Prophet (s) established a pact of brotherhood between 'Abd Allah and Husayn b. Harith.[6] 'Abd Allah also fought in the Battle of Badr, during which he captured Abu l-'As b. Rabi', the husband of Zaynab, daughter of the Prophet (s).[7]
According to historical records, during the Battle of Uhud, 'Abd Allah b. Jubayr was appointed commander of the archers stationed on Mount 'Aynayn.[8] The Prophet (s) had issued strict orders for him and his archers to maintain their position on the mountain under all circumstances, even if the enemy retreated.[9] However, during the course of the battle, a number of the archers disobeyed this command to collect spoils.[10] This breach of discipline allowed the Quraysh cavalry, led by Khalid b. Walid and 'Ikrima, to outflank the Muslims via Mount 'Aynayn.[11]
Historians state that 'Abd Allah b. Jubayr fought resolutely until the very end. Once his arrows were depleted, he continued to fight with his sword until he was martyred.[12] Following his death and that of the other archers, the Quraysh forces attacked the Muslims from the rear, leading to their defeat. 'Ikrima b. Abi Jahl slew 'Abd Allah b. Jubayr,[13] and after his martyrdom, his body was mutilated.[14]
Notes
- ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-Ashrāf, 1996, vol. 1, p. 241.
- ↑ Maqrīzī, Imtā' al-Asmā', 1999, vol. 9, p. 229.
- ↑ Ziriklī, al-A'lām, 1989, vol. 5, p. 96.
- ↑ Ibn Sa'd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā, 1990, vol. 3, p. 362.
- ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-Ashrāf, 1996, vol. 1, p. 265.
- ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-Ashrāf, 1996, vol. 9, p. 390.
- ↑ Ibn 'Abd al-Barr, al-Istī'āb, 1992, vol. 4, p. 1701.
- ↑ Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣāba, 1995, vol. 4, p. 31.
- ↑ Ibn al-Athīr, Usd al-Ghāba, 1989, vol. 3, p. 90.
- ↑ Wāqidī, al-Maghāzī, 1966, vol. 1, p. 232.
- ↑ Wāqidī, al-Maghāzī, 1966, vol. 1, p. 232.
- ↑ Maqrīzī, Imtā' al-Asmā', 1999, vol. 9, p. 229.
- ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-Ashrāf, 1996, vol. 1, p. 330.
- ↑ Maqrīzī, Imtā' al-Asmā', 1999, vol. 1, p. 145.
References
- Balādhurī, Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā b. Jābir, Kitāb Jumal min Ansāb al-Ashrāf al-Balādhurī, Research: Suhayl Zakkār and Riyāḍ Ziriklī, Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1st ed., 1417/1996.
- Ibn 'Abd al-Barr, Abū 'Umar Yūsuf b. 'Abd Allāh b. Muḥammad, al-Istī'āb fī Ma'rifat al-Aṣḥāb, Research: 'Alī Muḥammad al-Bijāwī, Beirut, Dār al-Jīl, 1st ed., 1412/1992.
- Ibn al-Athīr, Abū l-Ḥasan 'Izz al-Dīn 'Alī b. Muḥammad Jazarī, Usd al-Ghāba fī Ma'rifat al-Ṣaḥāba, Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1409/1989.
- Ibn Ḥajar, Aḥmad b. 'Alī al-'Asqalānī, al-Iṣāba fī Tamyīz al-Ṣaḥāba, Research: 'Ādil Aḥmad 'Abd al-Mawjūd and 'Alī Muḥammad Mu'awwaḍ, Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya, 1st ed., 1415/1995.
- Ibn Sa'd, Muḥammad b. Manī' al-Hāshimī al-Baṣrī, al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā, Research: Muḥammad 'Abd al-Qādir 'Aṭā, Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya, 1st ed., 1410/1990.
- Maqrīzī, Taqī al-Dīn Aḥmad b. 'Alī, Imtā' al-Asmā' bi-mā lil-Nabī min al-Aḥwāl wa al-Amwāl wa al-Ḥafada wa al-Matā', Research: Muḥammad 'Abd al-Ḥamīd al-Namīsī, Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya, 1st ed., 1420/1999.
- Wāqidī, Muḥammad b. 'Umar, Kitāb al-Maghāzī, Research: Marsden Jones, Beirut, Muʾassisat al-A'lamī, 3rd ed., 1409/1989.
- Ziriklī, Khayr al-Dīn, al-A'lām Qāmūs Tarājim li-Ashhar al-Rijāl wa al-Nisāʾ min al-'Arab wa al-Musta'ribīn wa al-Mustashriqīn, Beirut, Dār al-'Ilm lil-Malāyīn, 8th ed., 1989.