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Draft:Verse 32 of Sura al-Tawba

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Verse 32 of Sura al-Tawba
Verse's Information
Suraal-Tawba (Qur'an 9)
Verse32
Juz'10
AboutLikening the efforts of the opponents of Islam to extinguishing the light of God
Related VersesQur'an 61:8


Qur'an 9:32 employs a simile comparing the attempts of Islam's opponents to extinguish a great light by blowing with their mouths,[1] thereby illustrating the futility and insignificance of such efforts.[2] According to exegetes, this metaphor recurs with slight variations in Qur'an 61:8.[3]

The verse's intended audience is generally understood to be the Jews, Christians, or broadly, all adversaries of Islam, including polytheists and disbelievers.[4] Their objective is identified as the promotion of polytheism, the denial of Islam, and the rejection of the Prophet (s).[5]

Most exegetes interpret the "Light of God" as referring to Islam and the Qur'an.[6] Others extend this interpretation to include monotheistic arguments, citing their inherent illuminating quality.[7] Certain narrations apply this verse to enemy attempts to undermine the status of Imam 'Ali (a).[8]

In Shi'a exegeses, the Imamate of the Imams is also regarded as an embodiment of the Light of God. Consequently, hostility toward the Ahl al-Bayt (a) is viewed as an attempt to extinguish this light, which is destined to achieve perfection with the Reappearance of Imam al-Mahdi (a).[9]

The verse concludes with a promise that the divine light will be perfected.[10] This promise is interpreted as signifying the ultimate victory of the religion,[11] the expansion of Islam,[12] and the exaltation of monotheism.[13] Furthermore, the use of the term "yurīdūn" (they intend) implies that enmity toward Islam will persist.[14]

Notes

  1. ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, 1374 Sh, vol. 7, p. 367.
  2. ↑ Ṭabāṭabāʾī, al-Mīzān, 1417 AH, vol. 9, p. 247.
  3. ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, 1374 Sh, vol. 7, p. 367.
  4. ↑ Ḥusaynī Shīrāzī, Tabyīn al-Qurʾān, 1423 AH, p. 204.
  5. ↑ Fayḍ Kāshānī, al-Tafsīr al-ṣāfī, 1415 AH, vol. 2, p. 337.
  6. ↑ Ḥusaynī Shāh-ʿAbd al-ʿAẓīmī, Tafsīr-i ithnā ʿasharī, 1363 Sh, vol. 5, p. 68.
  7. ↑ Qurṭubī, al-Jāmiʿ li-aḥkām al-Qurʾān, 1364 Sh, vol. 8, p. 121.
  8. ↑ Sulaym b. Qays, Kitāb Sulaym b. Qays al-Hilālī, 1405 AH, vol. 2, p. 686.
  9. ↑ Ḥuwayzī, Nūr al-thaqalayn, 1415 AH, vol. 2, pp. 210-212.
  10. ↑ Fayḍ Kāshānī, al-Tafsīr al-ṣāfī, 1415 AH, vol. 2, p. 337.
  11. ↑ Mughniyya, al-Tafsīr al-kāshif, 1424 AH, vol. 4, p. 33.
  12. ↑ Mughniyya, al-Tafsīr al-kāshif, 1424 AH, vol. 4, p. 34.
  13. ↑ Fayḍ Kāshānī, al-Tafsīr al-ṣāfī, 1415 AH, vol. 2, p. 337.
  14. ↑ "Sura al-Tawba, Verse 32, Tafsir-i Rahnama", Hashemi Rafsanjani Website. Accessed on October 16, 2023.

References

  • Fayḍ Kāshānī, Mullā Muḥsin. al-Tafsīr al-ṣāfī. Edited by Ḥusayn Aʿlamī. Tehran: al-Ṣadr Publications, 2nd ed., 1415 AH.
  • Ḥuwayzī, ʿAbd ʿAlī b. Jumuʿa al-. Nūr al-thaqalayn. Qom: Ismāʿīliyān, 1415 AH.
  • Ḥusaynī Shāh-ʿAbd al-ʿAẓīmī, Ḥusayn b. Aḥmad. Tafsīr-i ithnā ʿasharī. Tehran: Mīqāt, 1st ed., 1363 Sh.
  • Ḥusaynī Shīrāzī, Sayyid Muḥammad. Tabyīn al-Qurʾān. Beirut: Dār al-ʿUlūm, 2nd ed., 1423 AH.
  • Makārim Shīrāzī, Nāṣir. Tafsīr-i nimūna. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1st ed., 1374 Sh.
  • Mughniyya, Muḥammad Jawād. al-Tafsīr al-kāshif. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1st ed., 1424 AH.
  • Qurṭubī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-. al-Jāmiʿ li-aḥkām al-Qurʾān. Tehran: Nāṣir Khusraw, 1st ed., 1364 Sh.
  • Sulaym b. Qays. Kitāb Sulaym b. Qays al-Hilālī. Qom: al-Hādī, 1405 AH.
  • Ṭabāṭabāʾī, Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥusayn. al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Qom: Jāmiʿat al-Mudarrisīn, 5th ed., 1417 AH.
  • Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Tafsīr jawāmiʿ al-jāmiʿ. Tehran: University of Tehran & Management of Qom Seminary, 1st ed., 1377 Sh.
  • "Sura al-Tawba, Verse 32, Tafsir-i Rahnama". Hashemi Rafsanjani Website. Accessed on October 16, 2023.
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