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Draft:Verse 43 of Sura al-A'raf

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Verse 43 of Sura al-A'raf
Verse's Information
Suraal-A'raf (Qur'an 7)
Verse43
Juz'8
AboutGod has removed rancor and envy from the people of Paradise.Template:New Line The people of Paradise thank God for showing them the way to Paradise


Qur'an 7:43 declares that God has eradicated envy, rancor, and enmity from the hearts of the inhabitants of Paradise.[1] Although certain individuals among the People of Paradise occupy higher spiritual ranks than others,[2] this disparity breeds neither envy nor animosity among them.[3] Quranic exegetes have variously interpreted the Arabic term ghill as enmity,[4] rancor,[5] and envy.[6]

A segment of Qur'an 7:43 illustrates the absolute satisfaction and profound joy experienced by the inhabitants of Paradise.[7] They express their profound gratitude to God for guiding them along the path to salvation.[8] Their declaration, "We would have never been guided had not Allah guided us,"[9] underscores that true guidance is exclusively attained through God;[10] without this divine intervention, humanity could never achieve Paradise.[11] Consequently, guidance is regarded as a supreme blessing that human beings are fundamentally incapable of attaining entirely on their own.[12]

Certain scholars posit that while God is the ultimate cause of all phenomena, He has endowed humanity with free will, enabling individuals to act autonomously.[13] In their exegesis of this verse, these researchers outline two distinct categories of guidance. The first is inherent guidance, signifying that God created humans with an innate capacity for spiritual progression and dispatched prophets to nurture this potential. The second is an acquired guidance, which follows the observance of obligatory duties and the avoidance of forbidden acts. In this stage, God bestows a unique spiritual knowledge upon the individual, the attainment of which relies entirely on His special grace.[14]

According to a narration attributed to Imam al-Sadiq (a), upon the occurrence of the Resurrection, the Prophet, Amir al-Mu'minin, and the Imams from his lineage will be summoned. Upon seeing them, the Shi'a will proclaim: "Al-hamdu lillah alladhi hadana li-hadha..." (All praise belongs to Allah, who guided us to this...). This exclamation signifies their gratitude to God for guiding them toward the guardianship (Wilaya) of Amir al-Mu'minin and his descendant Imams.[15]

Exegetes hold differing theological views concerning the concept of inheriting Paradise. Mughniyya argues that Paradise is strictly a earned reward for righteous actions, rather than a mere bestowal of unmerited grace and favor.[16] Conversely, 'Allama Tabataba'i posits that Paradise was originally created for both believers and disbelievers. However, the disbeliever forfeits this inheritance due to polytheism and sins, whereas the believer successfully attains it through their righteous deeds.[17]

Notes

  1. ↑ Ṭabrsī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, 1372 Sh, vol. 4, p. 648.
  2. ↑ Ṭabrsī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, 1372 Sh, vol. 4, p. 648.
  3. ↑ Khusrawānī, Tafsīr-i Khusrawī, 1390 AH, vol. 3, p. 239.
  4. ↑ Ṭabarī, Jāmiʿ al-bayān, 1412 AH, vol. 8, p. 133; Ḥusaynī Shīrāzī, Tabyīn al-Qurʾān, 1423 AH, p. 167.
  5. ↑ Najafī Khumaynī, Tafsīr-i āsān, 1398 AH, vol. 5, p. 206.
  6. ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i namūna, 1374 Sh, vol. 6, p. 175.
  7. ↑ Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i namūna, 1374 Sh, vol. 6, p. 176.
  8. ↑ Ḥusaynī Shīrāzī, Tabyīn al-Qurʾān, 1423 AH, p. 167.
  9. ↑ Qur'an 7:43.
  10. ↑ Ṭabāṭabāʾī, al-Mīzān, 1417 AH, vol. 8, p. 116.
  11. ↑ Ḥusaynī Shīrāzī, Tabyīn al-Qurʾān, 1423 AH, p. 167.
  12. ↑ Mudarrisī, Min hudā l-Qurʾān, 1419 AH, vol. 3, p. 320.
  13. ↑ Muṣṭafawī, "Tafsīr-i āye 43 sūre aʿrāf darbāre wilāyat-i Amīr al-muʾminīn wa ahl-i bayt", Madrasa-yi Fiqāhat.
  14. ↑ Dastghayb, "Sūre aʿrāf āye 43, jalase 23", Markaz-i Nashr-i Āthār wa Andīshehā-yi Sayyid Muḥammad Dastghayb.
  15. ↑ Kulaynī, al-Kāfī, 1407 AH, vol. 1, p. 418.
  16. ↑ Mughniyya, Tafsīr al-kāshif, 1424 AH, vol. 3, p. 329.
  17. ↑ Ṭabāṭabāʾī, al-Mīzān, 1417 AH, vol. 8, p. 117.

References

  • Ḥusaynī Shīrāzī, Sayyid Muḥammad, Tabyīn al-Qurʾān, Beirut, Dār al-ʿUlūm, 2nd edition, 1423 AH.
  • Khusrawānī, ʿAlī Riḍā, Tafsīr-i Khusrawī, ed. Muḥammad Bāqir Bahbūdī, Tehran, Intishārāt-i Islāmiyya, 1st edition, 1390 AH.
  • Dastghayb, Sayyid ʿAlī Muḥammad, "Sūre aʿrāf āye 43, jalase 23", Markaz-i Nashr-i Āthār wa Andīshehā-yi Sayyid Muḥammad Dastghayb, Date of insertion: 17 Isfand 1393 Sh, Date of visit: 11 Shahrivar 1403 Sh.
  • Ṭabāṭabāʾī, Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥusayn, al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān, Qom, Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 5th edition, 1417 AH.
  • Ṭabrsī, Faḍl b. Ḥasan, Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān, intro. Muḥammad Jawād Balāghī, Tehran, Nāṣir Khusraw, 3rd edition, 1372 Sh.
  • Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr, Jāmiʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān, Beirut, Dār al-Maʿrifa, 1st edition, 1412 AH.
  • Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb, al-Kāfī, ed. ʿAlī Akbar Ghaffārī and Muḥammad Ākhūndī, Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 4th edition, 1407 AH.
  • Mudarrisī, Sayyid Muḥammad Taqī, Min hudā l-Qurʾān, Tehran, Dār Muḥibbī al-Ḥusayn, 1st edition, 1419 AH.
  • Muṣṭafawī, Kāẓim, "Tafsīr-i āye 43 sūre aʿrāf darbāre wilāyat-i Amīr al-muʾminīn wa ahl-i bayt", Madrasa-yi Fiqāhat, Date of insertion: 24 Azar 1395 Sh, Date of visit: 11 Shahrivar 1403 Sh.
  • Mughniyya, Muḥammad Jawād, Tafsīr al-kāshif, Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1st edition, 1424 AH.
  • Makārim Shīrāzī, Nāṣir, Tafsīr-i namūna, Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1st edition, 1374 Sh.
  • Najafī Khumaynī, Muḥammad Jawād, Tafsīr-i āsān, Tehran, Intishārāt-i Islāmiyya, 1st edition, 1398 AH.
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