Dujayl
| Coordinate | 33°50′20″N 44°14′53″E / 33.83889°N 44.24806°E |
|---|---|
| Country | Iraq |
| Province | Salah al-Din |
| Language | Arabic |
| Race | Arab |
| Religions | Islam |
| Religion | Shi'a |
| Shi'a population | Majority |
| Historical Information | |
| Important events | Dujayl massacre |
Dujayl (Arabic: الدُجَيْل) is a city in Iraq with a majority of Shi'a citizens. Saddam Hussein killed some of the people of Dujayl in reaction to his unsuccessful assassination and was executed in 2006 with the charge of this killing. In 2014, ISIS made some attempts to take the city but they failed.
In some historical sources, two rivers are mentioned as Dujayl, one of which is near Baghdad and the other is in Khuzestan, Iran.
City of Dujayl
Ibn al-Athir a historian of the seventh/thirteenth century mentioned Dujayl, a city near Baghdad.[1]
There is a city sixty km north of Baghdad named Dujayl,[2] most citizens of which are Shi'a.[3] Dujayl is one of the cities of Salah al-Din province.[4] This city has many farms and most of its people are engaged in agriculture.[5] The grave of Ibrahim b. Malik Ashtar is in the city.[6]
In 2014, ISIS made several attempts to take this city but they failed.[7] Also, a suicide bombing was made in the city which caused killing of several people.[8]
Dujayl Massacre
In the month of Ramadan, 1402/June-July 1982, Saddam Hussein visited Dujayl. After his entrance to the city, some members of al-Da'wa party tried to assassinate him, but they failed. After this failed assassination, Baath forces with the support of Iraqi air force attacked the city.[9] In this attack, 148 people were killed[10] some of whom were women and children.[11] More than hundred thousand hectares of agricultural lands were destroyed by the government.[12]
In 2006, Saddam Hussein was charged with Dujayl massacre and was executed.[13]
Dujayl River
Based on sources, in the early centuries of Islam, there were rivers called Dujayl.[14]
- There was a river north of Baghdad[15] which was branched from Tigris river. There were many cities around this river.[16] In hadiths from the Prophet (s), this river is mentioned. Mus'ab b. Zubayr fought with Abd al-Malik b. Marwan near this river and after being killed, he was buried there.[17]
- Some sources mentioned a river in Khuzastan which is called Bahmanshir as Dujayl.[18]
References
- Asadī, Mukhtār al-. Mūjaz tārīkh al-ʿIrāq al-sīyāsī al-ḥadīth. [n.p]. Markaz al-Shahīdayn al-Ṣadrayn li-l-Dirāsāt wa l-Buḥūth, 2001.
- Bādanj, Maʿṣūma. Bahmanshīr. In Dānishnāmah-yi Jahān Islām.
- Ḥamawī, Yāqūt b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. Muʿjam al-buldān. 2nd edition. Beirut: Dār al-Ṣādir, 1995.
- Ibn Athīr al-Jazarī, ʿAlī b. Abī l-Karam. Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir, 1385 AH.
- Ibn al-Jawzī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAlī. Al-Muntaẓam fī tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk. 1st edition. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1412 AH.
- Ibn Shahrāshūb, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib. Edited by Ḥāshim Rasūlī. 1st edition. Qom: Nashr-i ʿAllāma, 1379 Sh.
- Ibn ʿAsākir, ʿAlī b. al-Ḥasan. Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1415 AH.
- Khiḍr, Hishām. Iʿdām raʾīs bidāya wa nihāya Ṣaddām Ḥusayn. Al-jīza: Al-ʿĀlamīyya, 2007.
- Khaṭīb Baghdādī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī. Tārīkh-i Baghdād aw madīnat al-salām. Edited by: Bashār ʿAwād Maʿrūf. Beirut: Dār al-Gharb al-Islāmī, 1423 AH.
- Qāʾidān, Aṣghar. ʿAtabāt ālīyāt Irāq. Tehran: Mashʿar, [n.d].
- Wiley, Joyce N. Nihḍat-i Islāmī-yi shīʿayān-i Irāq. Translated to Farsi by Mahwash Ghulāmī. Tehran: Iṭṭilāʿāt, 1373 Sh.
- صدام يتحدث عن قضية الدجيل التي أعدم بسببها (Saddam talks about the case of al-Dujayl, for which he was sentenced to death (Persian)). Accessed: 2024/06/13.
حمله داعش به دجیل درشمال بغدادناکام ماند (ISIS's attack on Dujayl in the north of Baghdad failed (Persian)). Accessed: 2024/06/13.
- حمله داعش به دجیل درشمال بغدادناکام ماند (ISIS's attack on Dujayl in the north of Baghdad failed (Persian)). Accessed: 2024/06/13.
- «مذبحة الدجیل» (Al-Dujayl massacre (Persian)). Accessed: 2024/06/13.
- «حمله انتحاری در دجیل» (Suicide attack in Dujayl (Persian)). Accessed: 2024/06/13.
- ↑ Ibn Athīr al-Jazarī, Al-Kāmil, vol. 12, p. 331.
- ↑ Al-Dujayl massacre (Persian)
- ↑ Saddam talks about the case of al-Dujayl, for which he was sentenced to death (Persian)
- ↑ Al-Dujayl massacre
- ↑ Wiley, Nihḍat-i Islāmī-yi shīʿayān-i Irāq, p. 132.
- ↑ Qāʾidān, ʿAtabāt ālīyāt Irāq. p. 214.
- ↑ ISIS's attack on Dujayl in the north of Baghdad failed (Persian)
- ↑ ISIS's attack on Dujayl in the north of Baghdad failed (Persian)
- ↑ Al-Dujayl massacre
- ↑ Asadī, Mūjaz tārīkh al-ʿIrāq al-sīyāsī al-ḥadīth, p. 173.
- ↑ Saddam talks about the case of al-Dujayl, for which he was sentenced to death (Persian)
- ↑ Al-Dujayl massacre
- ↑ Khiḍr, Iʿdām Raʾīs Bidāya wa nihāya, p. 317.
- ↑ Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān, vol. 7, p. 529.
- ↑ Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān, vol. 2, p. 443.
- ↑ Ibn al-Jawzī, al-Muntaẓam, vol. 8, p. 79.
- ↑ Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān, vol. 2, p. 443.
- ↑ Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib, vol. 1, p. 140.