Draft:Verse of Fa'izun
 | |
| Verse's Information | |
|---|---|
| Name | Verse of Fa'izun |
| Sura | Sura al-Mu'minun (Qur'an 23) |
| Verse | 111 |
| Juz' | 18 |
| Content Information | |
| Place of Revelation | Mecca |
| Topic | Theological |
| About | Salvation of the patient believers in the face of mockery |
Qur'an 23:111, known as the Verse of Fa'izun, addresses the salvation of believers who endured the mockery of disbelievers.[1] In this verse, God promises to reward them on the Day of Judgment for their patience, granting them ultimate triumph in His presence.[2] According to exegetes, these believers often belonged to the class of the "oppressed in practice" (*al-mustad'afūn al-ʿamalī*), such as slaves and Mawali.[3]
| “ | إِنِّي جَزَيْتُهُمُ الْيَوْمَ بِمَا صَبَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ هُمُ الْفَائِزُونَ
|
” |
| “ | Indeed, I have rewarded them this Day for their patient endurance—that they are the attainers [of success].
|
” |
| — Qur'an 23:111 | ||
Exegetes interpret the divine reward mentioned in this verse as admission into Paradise.[4] The patience referenced is understood in various ways, including patience in the face of mockery, patience in refraining from sin, and patience in obeying divine commands.[5] The term "Fāʾizūn" denotes the "victors" or "triumphant ones," signifying those who are delivered from the Fire and secured within the eternal blessings of Paradise.[6]
In Shi'a exegesis, the "Fāʾizūn" are frequently identified as the Shi'a of the progeny of Muhammad (s).[7] Narrations, including a report from Ibn Mas'ud, specifically identify the "Fāʾizūn" as Ali (a), Fatima (a), al-Hasan (a), and al-Husayn (a), attributing this status to their patience in obedience, hunger, and the endurance of calamities.[8] Furthermore, a narration from Umm Salama quotes Prophet Muhammad (s) explicitly declaring that Ali (a) and his Shi'a are the successful ones (*al-fāʾizūn*).[9]
Notes
- ↑ ʿAskarī, Bar gustara-yi kitāb wa sunnat, 1387 Sh, p. 252; Ṭanṭāwī, al-Tafsīr al-wasīṭ, 1997, vol. 10, p. 67.
- ↑ Ṭabāṭabāʾī, al-Mīzān, 1390 AH, vol. 15, p. 71; Makārim Shīrāzī, Tafsīr-i nimūna, 1371 Sh, vol. 14, pp. 339-340.
- ↑ Shanqīṭī, Aḍwāʾ al-bayān, 1427 AH, vol. 5, p. 564; Ibn Sulaymān, Tafsīr Muqātil b. Sulaymān, 1423 AH, vol. 3, p. 167.
- ↑ Farrāʾ, Maʿānī l-Qurʾān, 1980, vol. 2, p. 243.
- ↑ Māturīdī, Taʾwīlāt Ahl al-Sunna, 1426 AH, vol. 7, p. 499.
- ↑ Ṭabrisī, Majmaʿ al-bayān, 1372 Sh, vol. 7, p. 192; Ibn Kathīr, Tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-ʿaẓīm, 1419 AH, vol. 5, p. 435.
- ↑ Astarābādī, Taʾwīl al-āyāt al-ẓāhira, 1409 AH, p. 354.
- ↑ Ḥaskānī, Shawāhid al-tanzīl, 1411 AH, vol. 1, p. 531.
- ↑ Mufīd, al-Irshād, 1413 AH, vol. 1, pp. 41-42.
References
- ʿAskarī, Sayyid Murtaḍā. Bar gustara-yi kitāb wa sunnat. Qom: Faculty of Usul al-Din, 1387 Sh.
- Astarābādī, ʿAlī. Taʾwīl al-āyāt al-ẓāhira fī faḍāʾil al-ʿitrat al-ṭāhira. Edited by Ḥusayn Ustād Walī. Qom: Muʾassasat al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1409 AH.
- Biqāʿī, Ibrāhīm b. ʿUmar al-. Naẓm al-durar fī tanāsub al-āyāt wa l-suwar. Edited by ʿAbd al-Razzāq Ghālib Mahdī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1427 AH.
- Dīnawarī, ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad al-. al-Wāḍiḥ fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-karīm. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1424 AH.
- Farrāʾ, Yaḥyā b. Ziyād al-. Maʿānī l-Qurʾān. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAlī Najjār & Aḥmad Yūsuf Najātī. Cairo: al-Hayʾat al-Miṣriyyat al-ʿAmma li-l-Kitāb, 1980.
- Ḥaskānī, ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. Shawāhid al-tanzīl li-qawāʿid al-tafḍīl. Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance, 1411 AH.
- Ibn Abī Ḥātim, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad. Tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-ʿaẓīm. Edited by Asʿad Muḥammad Ṭayyib. Riyadh: Maktabat Nizār Muṣṭafā al-Bāz, 1419 AH.
- Ibn Kathīr, Ismāʿīl b. ʿUmar. Tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-ʿaẓīm. Edited by Muḥammad Ḥusayn Shams al-Dīn. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1419 AH.
- Ibn Shahrāshūb Māzandarānī, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib (a). Qom: Allameh, 1379 Sh.
- Ibn Sulaymān, Muqātil. Tafsīr Muqātil b. Sulaymān. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1423 AH.
- Jazāʾirī, Niʿmat Allāh b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. ʿUqūd al-marjān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Edited by Duha Cultural Institute. Qom: Nur-i Wahy, 1388 Sh.
- Makārim Shīrāzī, Nāṣir. Tafsīr-i nimūna. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1371 Sh.
- Makkī b. Ḥammūsh. al-Hidāya ilā bulūgh al-nihāya. Edited by Shāhid Būshīkhī. Sharjah: Jāmiʿat al-Shāriqa, 1429 AH.
- Māturīdī, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. Taʾwīlāt Ahl al-Sunna (Tafsīr al-Māturīdī). Edited by Majdī Bāslūm. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1426 AH.
- Mufīd, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad b. Nuʿmān al-. al-Irshād fī maʿrifat ḥujaj Allāh ʿala l-ʿibād. Qom: Shaykh al-Mufid Congress, 1413 AH.
- Mughniyya, Muḥammad Jawād. al-Tafsīr al-kāshif. Qom: Dār al-Kitāb al-Islāmī, 1424 AH.
- Pānīpatī, Thanāʾ Allāh. al-Tafsīr al-maẓharī. Quetta: Maktabat Rushdiyya, 1412 AH.
- Qarāʾatī, Muḥsin. Tafsīr-i nūr. Tehran: Markaz-i Farhangī-yi Dars-hā-yī az Qurʾān, 1388 Sh.
- Qurashī, ʿAlī Akbar. Qāmūs-i Qurʾān. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1371 Sh.
- Rūzbihān Baqlī, Rūzbihān b. Abī l-Naṣr. ʿArāʾis al-bayān fī ḥaqāʾiq al-Qurʾān. Edited by Aḥmad Farīd Mazīdī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 2008.
- Sabzawārī, Muḥammad. al-Jadīd fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-majīd. Beirut: Dār al-Taʿāruf li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1406 AH.
- Samarqandī, Naṣr b. Muḥammad al-. Baḥr al-ʿulūm. Edited by ʿUmar ʿAmrawī. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1416 AH.
- Shanqīṭī, Muḥammad Amīn al-. Aḍwāʾ al-bayān fī īḍāḥ al-Qurʾān bi-l-Qurʾān. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1427 AH.
- Ṭabāṭabāʾī, Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥusayn. al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1390 AH.
- Ṭabarānī, Sulaymān b. Aḥmad al-. al-Tafsīr al-kabīr. Irbid: Dār al-Kitāb al-Thaqāfī, 2008.
- Ṭabrisī, Faḍl b. al-Ḥasan al-. Majmaʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Tehran: Nasir Khusraw, 1372 Sh.
- Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-. Jāmiʿ al-bayān fī tafsīr al-Qurʾān. Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifa, 1412 AH.
- Ṭanṭāwī, Muḥammad Sayyid. al-Tafsīr al-wasīṭ li-l-Qurʾān al-karīm. Cairo: Nahḍat Miṣr, 1997.
- Wāḥidī, ʿAlī b. Aḥmad al-. al-Wajīz fī tafsīr al-kitāb al-ʿazīz. Edited by Ṣafwān ʿAdnān Dāwūdī. Beirut: Dār al-Qalam, 1415 AH.
- Taymī, Yaḥyā b. Sallām al-. Tafsīr Yaḥyā b. Sallām al-Taymī l-Baṣrī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1425 AH.
- Zuḥaylī, Wahba al-. al-Tafsīr al-wasīṭ. Damascus: Dār al-Fikr, 1422 AH.