Muhammad Fadil Sharabyani
 | |
| Personal Information | |
|---|---|
| Lineage | Descendant of Malik al-Ashtar |
| Birth | 1245/1829-30 or 1248/1832-33 |
| Place of Birth | Tabriz, Iran |
| Residence | Tabriz • Najaf |
| Studied in | Tabriz • Najaf |
| Death | 1322/1904 or 1323/1905 |
| Burial Place | Shrine of Imam Ali (a) |
| Scholarly Information | |
| Professors | Muhammad Hasan al-Najafi • Shaykh Murtada al-Ansari • Sayyid Husayn Kuhkamari |
| Students | Sayyid Ali Qadi Tabataba'i • Mirza Sadiq Aqa Tabrizi • Sayyid Abu l-Hasan Angaji Tabrizi |
| Permission for Hadith Transmission From | Shaykh Murtada al-Ansari • Sayyid Husayn Kuhkamari |
| Works | Taqrirat durus fiqh Sayyid Husayn Kuhkamari • Dhakhirat al-'ibad • Wasilat al-'ibad • Sirr al-'ibada |
Mullā Muḥammad Fāḍil Sharabyāni (Arabic: ملا محمد فاضل شربیانی) (b. 1829-30 or 1832-33 – d. 1904 or 1905) was a Shi'a Faqih and Marja' in the early 14th/20th century, who assumed the Marja'iyya after Mirza Shirazi. He was a student of Shaykh al-Ansari, Mirza Shirazi, and Sayyid Husayn Kuhkamari, and he headed the Najaf Seminary. Sharabyani was renowned for Zuhd, Taqwa, and his support for the needy. He trained many students, including Sayyid Ali Qadi and Muhammad Hirz al-Din. His significant actions included banning Hajj via the Iraq route to protect the lives of pilgrims, supporting the mystical method of Mulla Husayn-Quli Hamadani, and reviving the mourning of the First Fatimiyya. Numerous works in Fiqh and Usul al-Fiqh remain from him, including Dhakhirat al-ibad, Wasilat al-ibad, and Taqrirat of Kuhkamari's lectures. He was born in Sharabian, Tabriz, and after his demise he was buried in the Shrine of Imam Ali (a). It is reported that his body remained intact for years.
Position and Importance
Mulla Muhammad Fadil Sharabyani (1829-30 – 1904) was a Shi'a Marja' in the early 14th/20th century[1] who attained Marja'iyya after Mirza Shirazi.[2] It is said that Muzaffar al-Din Shah Qajar (the fifth Qajar king) and some courtiers of Iran imitated him.[3]
He was a student of Shaykh al-Ansari, Mirza Shirazi, and Sayyid Husayn Kuhkamari,[4] and received permission to narrate hadith from al-Ansari and Kuhkamari.[5] He also received permission for Ijtihad from Kuhkamari.[6] After the passing of Kuhkamari, he assumed the leadership of the Najaf Seminary.
Sharabyani was famous for Zuhd, Taqwa, and helping the needy.[7] He trained many students[8] and left numerous works in Fiqh and Usul.[9] It is reported that his body remained intact decades after his death.[10]
Biography
Fadil Sharabyani was born in the village of Sharabian, a dependency of Tabriz.[11] His lineage traced back to Malik al-Ashtar.[12] After studying religious sciences in Tabriz[13] and engaging in propagation in his hometown for some time,[14] he went to Najaf.[15]
He passed away in 1322 AH[16] or 1323 AH on the morning of Friday, Ramadan 18,[17] and after a magnificent funeral, his body was buried in one of the chambers of the courtyard of the Shrine of Imam Ali (a).[18]
Actions
Sharabyani undertook significant religious and social actions during his Marja'iyya, including:
- Banning and suspending Hajj via the route of Iraq due to the harassment of pilgrims by Al Rashdi, the governor of Medina.[19]
- Confronting conspiracies against the mystical method of Mulla Husayn-Quli Hamadani.[20]
- Promoting the Ziyara of Imamzadas in Iraq.[21]
- Reviving mourning ceremonies, organizing processions, and closing the bazaar during the First Fatimiyya.[22]
- Constructing the Sharabyani Seminary in Najaf.[23]
Students
Among Sharabyani's students, the following individuals can be mentioned:
- Muhammad Hirz al-Din (author of Ma'arif al-rijal)[24]
- Sayyid Ali Qadi Tabataba'i[25]
- Mirza Sadiq Aqa Tabrizi[26]
- Sayyid Abu l-Hasan Angaji Tabrizi[27]
- Abu l-Qasim Amin al-Shar' Khu'i[28]
- Sayyid Ali Kuhkamari[29]
- Radi Zunuzi[30]
- Sayyid Kazim Tabataba'i (Mufid Aqa)[31]
- Sayyid Muhammad Mawlana[32]
- And dozens of other jurists and Mujtahids.[33]
Works
Sharabyani authored numerous works, including:
- Taqrirat of Fiqh lectures by Sayyid Husayn Kuhkamari (9 volumes)[34]
- Dhakhirat al-ibad li-yawm al-ma'ad (Annotated by Sayyid Isma'il al-Sadr, Sayyid Abu l-Hasan al-Isfahani, Muhammad Taqi Shirazi, and Sayyid Ibrahim Istahbanati)[35]
- Wasilat al-ibad (Annotated by Akhund Khurasani)[36]
- Risala 'amaliyya (Annotated by jurists including Mirza Muhammad Hasan Alyari Tabrizi)
- Sirr al-ibada[37]
- Kitab al-matajir; Kitab al-bay; Kitab al-salat[38]
- Commentary and annotations on Rasa'il, Makasib, Zubdat al-usul by Shaykh al-Bahai, Mu'allaqat sab, and several books and treatises on topics of Usul al-Fiqh.[39]
Notes
- ↑ Mudarris Tabrizi, Rayḥānat al-adab, 1369 Sh, vol. 3, p. 184.
- ↑ Wā'iẓ Tabrizi, 'Ulamā-yi mu'āṣirin, 1383 Sh, p. 76.
- ↑ Imāmi Khūʾi, Mirʾāt al-sharq, 1427 AH, vol. 2, p. 1198.
- ↑ Mushār, Muʾallifin-i kutub-i chāpi, 1340 Sh, vol. 5, p. 633.
- ↑ Ḥirz al-Din, Ma'ārif al-rijāl, 1405 AH, vol. 2, p. 374.
- ↑ Mushār, Muʾallifin-i kutub-i chāpi, 1340 Sh, vol. 5, p. 633.
- ↑ "Fāḍil Sharabyāni", Khabarguzāri-yi Ḥawzah.
- ↑ Alvānsāz Khūʾi, "Muḥammad Fāḍil Sharabyāni", Farhikhtigān-i tamaddun-i Shi'i.
- ↑ Mushār, Fihrist-i kitābhā-yi chāpi-yi 'arabi, 1344 Sh, p. 391.
- ↑ Wā'iẓ Tabrizi, 'Ulamā-yi mu'āṣirin, 1383 Sh, p. 80; Mahdi-pūr, Ajsād-i jāvidān, 1374 Sh, p. 261.
- ↑ "Fāḍil Sharabyāni", Khabarguzāri-yi Ḥawzah.
- ↑ Alvānsāz Khūʾi, "Muḥammad Fāḍil Sharabyāni", Farhikhtigān-i tamaddun-i Shi'i.
- ↑ "Fāḍil Sharabyāni", Khabarguzāri-yi Ḥawzah.
- ↑ Ḥirz al-Din, Ma'ārif al-rijāl, 1405 AH, vol. 2, p. 373.
- ↑ Imāmi Khūʾi, Mirʾāt al-sharq, 1427 AH, vol. 2, p. 1198.
- ↑ Imāmi Khūʾi, Mirʾāt al-sharq, 1427 AH, vol. 2, p. 1198.
- ↑ Amin, A'yān al-Shi'a, 1421 AH, vol. 10, p. 36.
- ↑ "Fāḍil Sharabyāni", Khabarguzāri-yi Ḥawzah.
- ↑ Wā'iẓ Tabrizi, 'Ulamā-yi mu'āṣirin, 1383 Sh, p. 77.
- ↑ Ṭihrāni, Mihr-i tābān, p. 220.
- ↑ Wā'iẓ Tabrizi, 'Ulamā-yi mu'āṣirin, 1383 Sh, p. 79; Mahdi-pūr, Ajsād-i jāvidān, 1374 Sh, p. 260.
- ↑ Wā'iẓ Tabrizi, 'Ulamā-yi mu'āṣirin, 1383 Sh, p. 78.
- ↑ Khalili, Mawsū'at al-'atabāt al-muqaddasa, 1407 AH, vol. 7, pp. 145-146.
- ↑ Ḥirz al-Din, Ma'ārif al-rijāl, 1405 AH, vol. 2, p. 372.
- ↑ Mushār, Fihrist-i kitābhā-yi chāpi-yi 'arabi, 1344 Sh, p. 305.
- ↑ Wā'iẓ Tabrizi, 'Ulamā-yi mu'āṣirin, 1383 Sh, p. 153.
- ↑ Imāmi Khūʾi, Mirʾāt al-sharq, 1427 AH, vol. 1, p. 192.
- ↑ Imāmi Khūʾi, Mirʾāt al-sharq, 1427 AH, vol. 1, p. 124.
- ↑ Alvānsāz Khūʾi, Sitāragān-i ḥaram, 1377 Sh, vol. 17, p. 99.
- ↑ Alvānsāz Khūʾi, Sitāragān-i ḥaram, 1377 Sh, vol. 17, p. 29.
- ↑ Wā'iẓ Tabrizi, 'Ulamā-yi mu'āṣirin, 1383 Sh, p. 402.
- ↑ Alvānsāz Khūʾi, Gulshan-i abrār, 1394 Sh, vol. 4, p. 353.
- ↑ Alvānsāz Khūʾi, "Muḥammad Fāḍil Sharabyāni", Farhikhtigān-i tamaddun-i Shi'i.
- ↑ Wā'iẓ Tabrizi, 'Ulamā-yi mu'āṣirin, 1383 Sh, p. 4.
- ↑ Mushār, Fihrist-i kitābhā-yi chāpi-yi 'arabi, 1344 Sh, p. 391.
- ↑ Mushār, Fihrist-i kitābhā-yi chāpi-yi 'arabi, 1344 Sh, p. 391.
- ↑ Mushār, Fihrist-i kitābhā-yi chāpi-yi 'arabi, 1344 Sh, p. 391.
- ↑ "Fāḍil Sharabyāni", Khabarguzāri-yi Ḥawzah.
- ↑ Alvānsāz Khūʾi, "Muḥammad Fāḍil Sharabyāni", Farhikhtigān-i tamaddun-i Shi'i.
References
- Alvānsāz Khūʾi, Muḥammad. "Muḥammad Fāḍil Sharabyāni". Farhikhtigān-i tamaddun-i Shi'i. Posted: 12 Mihr 1394 Sh. Accessed: 13 Ābān 1404 Sh.
- Alvānsāz Khūʾi, Muḥammad. Gulshan-i abrār. Qom, Pazhūhishkada-yi Bāqir al-'Ulūm (a), 1394 Sh.
- Alvānsāz Khūʾi, Muḥammad. Sitāragān-i ḥaram. Qom, Intishārāt-i Zāʾir, 1377 Sh.
- Amin, Sayyid Muḥsin al-. A'yān al-Shi'a. Beirut, Dār al-Ta'āruf lil-Maṭbū'āt, 1421 AH.
- Ḥirz al-Din, Muḥammad. Ma'ārif al-rijāl. Qom, Kitābkhāna-yi Āyatullāh Mar'ashi Najafi, 1405 AH.
- Imāmi Khūʾi, Muḥammad Amin. Mirʾāt al-sharq (Mawsū'at tarājim a'lām al-Shi'a al-Imāmiyya fi al-qarnay al-thālith 'ashar wa al-rābi' 'ashar). Qom, Kitābkhāna-yi Āyatullāh Mar'ashi Najafi, 1427 AH.
- Khalili, Ja'far al-. Mawsū'at al-'atabāt al-muqaddasa. Beirut, Muʾassisa al-A'lami, 1407 AH.
- Mahdi-pūr, 'Ali Akbar. Ajsād-i jāvidān. Qom, Nashr-i Ḥādhiq, 1374 Sh.
- Mudarris Tabrizi, Muḥammad 'Ali. Rayḥānat al-adab. Tehran, Kitābfurūshi-yi Khayyām, 1369 Sh.
- Mushār, Khān-Bābā. Fihrist-i kitābhā-yi chāpi-yi 'arabi. Tehran, Chāpkhāna-yi Rangin, 1344 Sh.
- Mushār, Khān-Bābā. Muʾallifin-i kutub-i chāpi-yi Fārsi wa 'Arabi az āghāz tākunūn. Tehran, Chāpkhāna-yi Rangin, 1340 Sh.
- Ṭihrāni, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. Mihr-i tābān. Qom, Bāqir al-'Ulūm (a), n.d.
- Wā'iẓ Tabrizi, 'Ali. 'Ulamā-yi mu'āṣirin. Qom, Navid-i Islām, 1383 Sh.
- "Fāḍil Sharabyāni". Khabarguzāri-yi Ḥawzah. Posted: 30 Khurdād 1400 Sh. Accessed: 13 Ābān 1404 Sh.