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Labbayka Ya Husayn

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The slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" in Thuluth script, a winning work from the calligraphy competition for "Labbayka Ya Husayn."[1]

Labbayka Ya Husayn (Arabic: لَبَّیْکَ یَا حُسَیْن, "I respond to you, O Husayn") is a slogan used by Shi'a Muslims in response to the call of Imam al-Husayn (a). Imam al-Husayn (a) called for aid several times during the Event of Karbala. The most famous of these was on the Day of 'Ashura, when he is reported to have said, "Is there any helper to help me?.

The purpose of the slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" is to declare loyalty and solidarity with the Imam, as well as a readiness to support him. It has been said that this slogan presents the Event of Karbala as an ongoing historical movement and has helped preserve the discourse of 'Ashura. It is also considered a symbol of resistance against arrogance, a struggle against oppression, and a rejection of humiliation and subjugation.

This slogan is used in various countries during Muharram mourning rituals and as an expression of devotion to Imam al-Husayn (a). Various artistic works have been created around it, and Shi'a also use it on battlefields and during funeral processions of martyrs. Following this slogan, other slogans have also been adopted in conferences, marches, and religious ceremonies, such as "Labbayka Ya Haydar," "Labbayka Ya Mahdi," and "Labbayka Ya Khamene'i."

Introduction

The banner reading "Labbayka Ya Husayn" at a mourning ceremony.

"Labbayka Ya Husayn" is one of the famous phrases of the Event of 'Ashura[2] and is understood to mean responding to the call of Imam al-Husayn (a).[3] Imam al-Husayn (a) called upon Muslims to aid him several times during his journey from Mecca to Iraq.[4] For instance, in Mecca, he said: "I am going to a place where the hungry wolves of the desert will tear my limbs apart... Whoever is willing to sacrifice their blood for our cause should come to Karbala."[5] He also called upon the notables of Basra through a letter to help him.[6] The most famous call of Imam al-Husayn (a) took place on the Day of 'Ashura.[7] This call, known as "Hal min nāṣirin yanṣurunī" (Is there any helper who will help me?), is widely reported.[8]

Significance and Importance

After the martyrdom of Imam al-Husayn (a), Shi'a Muslims use the slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" to express solidarity with the Imam[9] and to declare their readiness to sacrifice their lives, wealth, and children for him, just as the companions of Imam al-Husayn (a) did.[10] It has been said that this slogan, as a global slogan,[11] is not specific to a particular time in history;[12] rather, it presents the Event of 'Ashura as an ongoing historical movement,[13] thus not only ensuring the survival of 'Ashura[14] but also contributing to the preservation of the 'Ashura discourse.[15]

The effects of the slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" have been described as including honor and dignity, avoidance of humiliation and subjugation,[16] struggle against oppression and sacrifice for the truth,[17] liberation from all powers,[18] neutralizing the plots of enemies,[19] and breaking the dominance of arrogance.[20] For this reason, this slogan is seen as a symbol of resistance against arrogance and a refusal to accept humiliation and subjugation.[21] Some experts have attributed the victory, strength, and spread of the Iranian Islamic Revolution to the practical application of the slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn."[22]

Labbayk in Religious Texts

A banner reading "Labbayka Ya Husayn" on the wall of a house in Iraq during the Arba'in season.

The word "Labbayk" has historically been used to respond to the requests of others.[23] The companions of the Prophet also used the expression "Labbayk" on various occasions, including during the Battle of Hunayn, to respond to the Prophet's call.[24] Therefore, the claim of Wahhabism that using this term for anyone other than God constitutes shirk (polytheism) has been rejected.[25] Furthermore, in one of the ziyarah texts of Imam al-Husayn (a), attributed to Imam al-Sadiq (a), pilgrims are asked to repeat the phrase "Labbayka Dā'iya Allāh" seven times as part of the etiquette of ziyara.[26] In the Ziyara al-Rajabiyya for Imam al-Husayn (a), the Imam is also addressed with the phrase "Labbayka Yā Dā'iya Allāh."[27] In Du'a al-'Ahd (the Supplication of the Covenant), reference is also made to responding to the call of Imam al-Mahdi (a).[28]

Lexicographers have traced the root of "Labbayk" to obedience[29] and response,[30] and believe that the word "Labbayk," originally "Labbā laka," means to stand firm in obedience to and in response to a person.[31] This word is used as a Talbiya (Labbayka Allāhumma Labbayk, Labbayka lā Sharīka laka Labbayk) during the Ihram for Hajj al-Tamattu' and Umrah.[32]

Usage of the Slogan

The slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" is used in mourning ceremonies, as an expression of devotion to Imam al-Husayn (a), and also in cultural, artistic, and revolutionary contexts.

In Religious and Mourning Rituals

Sayyid Hasan Nasrallah addressing a rally defending the Holy Shrines in 2004 CE:

" 'Labbayka Ya Husayn' means: to be present in the battle, even if you are alone, even if people have abandoned you, accused you, and left you without support. 'Labbayka Ya Husayn' means that you, your wealth, your wife, and your children are present in this battle."[33]

The slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" is chanted in mourning ceremonies in various countries, including Nigeria,[34] Türkiye,[35] Lebanon,[36] Iran,[37] Iraq, and European countries such as the Netherlands.[38] On the Day of 'Ashura, the people of Iraq, including the residents of Tuwairij[39] and the Banu Asad tribe,[40] chant this slogan upon entering the Shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a). In Iran, some major gatherings are named "Gathering of Labbayka Ya Husayn";[41] Changing the flags of the shrines in the Atabat before the start of the mourning season is also sometimes accompanied by the slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn."[42] In 2018 CE, a large banner reading "Labbayka Ya Husayn" was displayed across the Bayn al-Haramayn in Karbala during the Arba'in procession.[43]

In Culture and Art

The slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" has been reflected in poetry,[44] as well as various cultural and artistic fields, and numerous works have been created under the title "Labbayka Ya Husayn." The music video "Labbayka Ya Husayn" by Sadiq Ahangaran is one such work, produced for the Arba'in season.[45] In the field of calligraphy, in addition to various artworks featuring the phrase "Labbayka Ya Husayn," competitions have been held for calligraphy of this phrase.[46]

In Various Events

This slogan has been used in various events in different countries. Following the declaration of the fatwa of jihad against ISIS by Ayatollah Sayyid 'Ali Sistani, groups of people in Iraq welcomed it by chanting "Labbayka Ya Husayn"[47] and used it in operations against ISIS.[48] This slogan has also been used in various ceremonies, such as the funerals of resistance martyrs in Iran,[49] Iraq,[50] and Lebanon.[51]

Following the slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn," other slogans have also been used in conferences, marches, and religious ceremonies, such as "Labbayka Ya Rasul Allah,"[52] "Labbayka Ya Haydar,"[53] "Labbayka Ya Zaynab,"[54] "Labbayka Ya Qur'an," "Labbayka Ya Mahdi,"[55] "Labbayka Ya Aba al-Fadl,"[56] "Labbayka Ya Khomeini," and "Labbayka Ya Khamene'i."[57]

Notes

  1. ↑ Call for Submissions: 'Labbayka Ya Husayn' Typography Competition.
  2. ↑ Explanation of 'Labbayka Ya Husayn' – Part One: An Essay by Professor Hadi Soroush, (Persian).
  3. ↑ The slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" means responding to the call of Sayyid al-Shuhada, (Persian).
  4. ↑ The slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" means responding to the call of Sayyid al-Shuhada, (Persian).
  5. ↑ Ḥulwānī, Nuzhat al-Nāẓir, p. 86; Ibn Ṭāwūs, al-Luhūf, p. 60.
  6. ↑ Ibn Ṭāwūs, al-Luhūf, p. 38.
  7. ↑ Ibn Ṭāwūs, al-Luhūf, p. 116; Ibn Namā al-Ḥillī, Muthīr al-Aḥzān, p. 70.
  8. ↑ Muḥaddithī, Farhang-i 'Āshūrā, p. 471.
  9. ↑ Labbayka Ya Husayn" contributes to the perpetuation of the 'Ashura discourse, (Persian).
  10. ↑ The slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" means responding to the call of Sayyid al-Shuhada, (Persian).
  11. ↑ The slogan 'Labbayka Ya Husayn' has become global, (Persian).
  12. ↑ Labbayka Ya Husayn" contributes to the perpetuation of the 'Ashura discourse, (Persian).
  13. ↑ Announcement of the 'Labbayka Ya Husayn' calligraphy competition, (Persian).
  14. ↑ The slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" means responding to the call of Sayyid al-Shuhada, (Persian)
  15. ↑ Labbayka Ya Husayn" contributes to the perpetuation of the 'Ashura discourse, (Persian).
  16. ↑ The slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" is a struggle against arrogance, (Persian).
  17. ↑ The slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" is a struggle against arrogance, (Persian).
  18. ↑ Labbayka Ya Husayn" Means Liberation from All Powers: An Essay by Professor Hadi Soroush, part 7, (Persian).
  19. ↑ Labbayka Ya Husayn" neutralizes the plots of the enemies, (Persian)
  20. ↑ The slogan 'Labbayka Ya Husayn' has crushed the prestige of global arrogance, (Persian).
  21. ↑ The slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" is a struggle against arrogance, (Persian).
  22. ↑ The slogan "Labbayka Ya Husayn" is a struggle against arrogance, (Persian).
  23. ↑ For example, see: Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-Umam wa al-Mulūk, vol. 8, p. 84; Ibn Sa'd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā, vol. 3, p. 92; Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-Ṭiwāl, 1368 SH, p. 365.
  24. ↑ Wāqidī, al-Maghāzī, vol. 3, pp. 900-901; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-Umam wa al-Mulūk, vol. 3, pp. 75-76.
  25. ↑ Explanation of 'Labbayka Ya Husayn' – Part One: An Essay by Professor Hadi Soroush, Shafaqna], (Persian).
  26. ↑ Ibn Qūlawayh, Kāmil al-Ziyārāt, p. 230.
  27. ↑ Ibn Ṭāwūs, Iqbāl al-A'māl, vol. 2, pp. 713-714; Shahīd al-Awwal, al-Mazār, p. 142.
  28. ↑ Ibn Mashhadī, al-Mazār al-Kabīr, pp. 666-663; Kaf'amī, al-Miṣbāḥ, 1405 AH, pp. 552-550.
  29. ↑ Farāhīdī, Kitāb al-'Ayn, 1410 AH, vol. 8, p. 341.
  30. ↑ Azharī, Tahdhīb al-Lugha, Beirut, vol. 15, p. 242.
  31. ↑ Jawharī, al-Ṣiḥāḥ, Beirut, vol. 1, p. 216; Ṣāḥib b. 'Abbād, al-Muḥīṭ fī al-Lugha, 1414 AH, vol. 10, p. 312.
  32. ↑ Shahīd al-Thānī, Masālik al-Afhām, 1416 AH, vol. 2, p. 226; Fāḍil Hindī, Kashf al-Lithām, 1416 AH, vol. 5, p. 20; Najafī, Jawāhir al-Kalām, 1362 SH, vol. 18, pp. 3-4.
  33. ↑ Speech of the Secretary-General of Hezbollah, His Eminence Sayyid Hasan Nasrallah, at the conclusion of the 'March in Defense of the Holy Shrines in Iraq,' held at Al-Raya Stadium, Al-Safir, Friday, 21-5-2004, (Arabic).
  34. ↑ nternational community's disregard for human rights violations against the Shi'a of Nigeria, (Persian).
  35. ↑ Badal, "Sharāyiṭ-i Dīnī wa Madhhabī-yi Kishwar-i Turkiyya," p. 298.
  36. ↑ Mourning processions for 'Ashura across Lebanon, (Persian).
  37. ↑ The massive gathering of the people of Ardabil on the day of Tasu'a with the slogan 'Labbayka Ya Husayn, (Persian).
  38. ↑ Labbayka Ya Husayn (a)' and 'Labbayka Ya Khamene'i' slogans raised in The Hague, Netherlands, (Persian).
  39. ↑ The Tuwairij procession; a ritual that has endured for fourteen centuries, (Persian)
  40. ↑ The cry of 'Labbayka Ya Husayn' resonated from the women of the Banu Asad tribe at the shrine of Sayyid al-Shuhada (a), (Persian).
  41. ↑ Labbayka Ya Husayn contributes to the perpetuation of the 'Ashura discourse, (Persian).
  42. ↑ The changing of the flags on the domes of the holy shrines in Karbala was accompanied by the chant 'Labbayka Ya Husayn, (Persian).
  43. ↑ The "Labbayka Ya Husayn (a)" banner in Bayn al-Haramayn, (Persian)
  44. ↑ See: "Labbayka Ya Ḥusayn".
  45. ↑ Labbayka Ya Husayn" is the latest work by Haj Sadiq Ahangaran
  46. ↑ Call for Submissions: 'Labbayka Ya Husayn' Typography Competition, (Persian).
  47. ↑ The slogan 'Labbayka Ya Husayn' resounded at the majestic Friday prayer in the Husayni shrine.
  48. ↑ The operation's name was altered from 'Labbayka Ya Husayn' to 'Labbayka Ya 'Iraq, (Persian).
  49. ↑ The funeral procession of Martyr Haj Qasem Soleimani in Mashhad / The cry of 'Labbayka Ya Zaynab' in the land of the Khorasanis.
  50. ↑ The Courtyard of Aba 'Abd Allah; chants of 'Labbayka Ya Husayn' upon the arrival of the martyrs' bodies.
  51. ↑ Labbayka Ya Husayn’ at the funeral of Hezbollah's Ali Yusuf Ala al-Din.
  52. ↑ Islamic Iran mourned on the anniversary of the Prophet's passing.
  53. ↑ Gathering of Shiraz students at the Holy Shrine of Hazrat Shah Cheragh.
  54. ↑ The resonance of the call "Labbayka Ya Zaynab (s)" echoes across Iran.
  55. ↑ Sayyid Hasan Nasrallah: The Takfiris are behind the Zaynabiya explosions.; The call of "Labbayka Ya Mahdi" is accompanied by the fragrance of Mahdavi jasmine at the gathering place of the awaited ones, (Persian).
  56. ↑ The people of Gachsaran chanted 'Labbayka Ya Aba al-Fadl (a)' on the night of Tasu'a, (Persian)
  57. ↑ Holding of the National Day of the Fight against Arrogance march in Kerman, (Persian).

References

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