Husayn is of me and I am of Husayn (hadith)

Priority: b, Quality: c
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Husayn is of me and I am of Husayn (hadith)
SubjectImam al-Husayn (a)
Issued byProphet Muhammad (s)
Main narratorYa'li al-'Amiri
Validity of the chain of transmissionSahih
Shi'a sourcesKamil al-ziyarat • Sharh al-akhbar • Al-Irshad
Sunni sourcesAl-Musannaf Ibn Abi Shayba • Musnad Ahmad b. Hanbal • Sunan Ibn Maja • Sunan al-Tirmidhi • Al-Mustadrak 'ala al-sahihayn


Husayn is of me and I am of Husayn (Arabic: حُسَينٌ مِنّي وأنا مِن حسين) is a Prophetic hadith regarding the virtues of Imam al-Husayn (a). The hadith is cited in Shi'a and Sunni sources.

Some scholars interpret this hadith as symbolizing the spiritual unity between the Prophet (s) and Imam al-Husayn (a). Additionally, it indicates that those who love al-Husayn (a) will be loved by God. Furthermore, it underscores the perpetuation of the lineage of Imams of the Shi'a (a) through Imam al-Husayn (a). Certain historians argue that the phrase "I am of Husayn" suggests that the survival of the Islamic faith is ensured through Imam al-Husayn's (a) uprising.

The earliest source of this hadith can be found in the book al-Musannaf, authored by a Sunni scholar, Ibn Abi Shayba (d. 235/849-50). In Shia sources, the earliest reference to this hadith is found in the book Kamil al-ziyarat by Ibn Qulawayh (d. 368/978-9).

The hadith is inscribed at the top of the entrance gate of Imam al-Husayn's (a) shrine.

Introduction and Significance

The hadith of "Husayn minni" on the darih of Imam al-Husayn (a)

The hadith "Husayn is of me" is a hadith that was transmitted from the Prophet (s), emphasizing the virtues of Imam al-Husayn (a). According to al-Sayyid Hashim al-Bahrani, this hadith signifies the Prophet's (s) deep affection for Imam al-Husayn (a). It is frequently referenced in both Shia and Sunni sources.[1] The words "Husayn is of me and I am of Husayn" can be found engraved at the entrance gate of Imam al-Husayn's (a) shrine,[2] as well as at the top of the pillars of the six corners of Imam al-Husayn's (a) darih.

According to various hadith sources,[3] it is narrated that Prophet Muhammad (s) encountered Husayn (a) playing with other children while on his way to a gathering. The Prophet (s) lovingly embraced Husayn (a), taking him in his arms, and proclaimed, "Husayn is of me, and I am of Husayn. Allah loves whoever loves Husayn. Husayn is a Sibt among the Asbat."[4].[5]

Content of the Hadith

The hadith of "Husayn minni wa 'ana min Husayn" in the al-Husayn Mosque in Cairo

Some researchers believe that the hadith has the following implications:

  • Spiritual unity of the Prophet (s) and Imam al-Husayn (a)
  • Love of Imam al-Husayn (a) resulting in being loved by God
  • Perpetuation of the lineage of Imams of the Shi'a (a) through al-Husayn (a).[6]

Al-Manawi (d. 1031/1621-2), a Shafi'i scholar, recounts an interpretation of this hadith by Qadi Waki' wherein it is suggested that the Prophet (s) had prior knowledge of the events involving al-Husayn (a) and his community. Consequently, the Prophet (s) specifically mentioned al-Husayn (a) in this hadith, emphasizing to his followers that al-Husayn (a) held a position akin to the Prophet (s) himself in terms of affection and allegiance. This interpretation is underscored by the Prophet's (s) statement, "God loves those who love Husayn," indicating that affection for al-Husayn (a) equated to affection for the Prophet (s), which, in turn, equated to affection for God.[7]

According to Baqir Sharif al-Qarashi (d. 2012), a historian of Ahl al-Bayt (a), the phrase "I am of Husayn" implies that the uprising and martyrdom of Imam al-Husayn (a) contributed to the survival of Islam. Therefore, it suggests that the continuity and perseverance of the Prophet's (s) religion were indebted to Imam al-Husayn's (a) sacrifice.[8]

Sources and Validity of the Hadith

The earliest citation of the hadith "Husayn is of me" is found in the book al-Musannaf by Ibn Abi Shayba (d. 235/849-50),[9] a Sunni scholar.[10] Scholars of rijal have affirmed Ibn Abi Shayba's reliability as a transmitter of hadiths.[11] In Shia sources, this hadith is referenced in three early works: Kamil al-ziyarat by Ibn Qulawayh (d. 368/978-9),[12] Sharh al-akhbar by al-Qadi al-Nu'man al-Maghribi (d. 363/974),[13] and al-Irshad by al-Shaykh al-Mufid (d. 413/1022).[14] Subsequently, it was cited in further compilations of hadiths.[15] Al-'Allama al-Majlisi (d. 1110/1699) affirms the validity and wide recognition of Kamil al-ziyarat as a source of hadiths among Shia jurists.[16]

The chain of transmission of this hadith, as cited in Kamil al-ziyarat, includes Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah Ja'far al-Himyari, Abu Sa'id al-Hasan b. 'Ali b. Zakariyya al-'Adawi al-Basri, 'Abd al-A'la b. Hammad al-Bursi, Wahb, 'Abd Allah b. 'Uthman, Sa'id b. Abi Rashid, and Ya'la al-'Amiri.[17]

In Sunni sources, the hadith is cited in Musnad Ahmad b. Hanbal,[18] Sunan Ibn Majah,[19] Sunan al-Tirmidhi,[20] and al-Mustadrak 'ala al-sahihayn[21] by al-Hakim al-Nishaburi. The latter describes the hadith as "sahih",[22] while al-Haythami[23] and al-Tirmidhi[24] describe it as "hasan" (sound or praised).

Monographs

Aqa Buzurg Tihrani lists two books titled Sharh hadith Husayn minni wa 'ana min Husayn (Explication of the hadith "Husayn is of me and I am of Husayn") authored respectively by Sayyid Muhammad b. Sayyid Dildar 'Ali Naqawi and Mirza Muhammad b. Kazim Hindi (d. 1289/1872-3), students of Sayyid Husayn b. Sayyid Dildar 'Ali Naqawi.[25] Additionally, according to some bibliographers, Muhammad Khalisizada (d. 1963) authored a book titled Hadith Husayn minni wa 'ana min Husayn, which was published in Najaf.[26]

Notes

  1. ↑ Baḥrānī, Ḥilyat al-abrār, vol. 4, p. 127.
  2. ↑ Ranjbar Ḥusaynī and Ḥāʾirī, Barrasī-yi iʿtibār wa dilālat-i hadīth-i Nabawī: Ḥusayn minnī wa 'ana min Ḥusayn, p. 7.
  3. ↑ Ibn Qūlawayh, Kāmil al-zīyārāt, p. 53.
  4. ↑ Ibn Qūlawayh, Kāmil al-zīyārāt, p. 53.
  5. ↑ Asbat, plural of Sibt: A great tribe. Meaning, al-Husayn (a) would have many offspring, such that they would become a great tribe.Sunnah.com (Arabic)
  6. ↑ Ranjbar Ḥusaynī and Ḥāʾirī, Barrasī-yi iʿtibār wa dilālat-i hadīth-i Nabawī: Ḥusayn minnī wa 'ana min Ḥusayn, p. 8.
  7. ↑ Munāwī, Fayḍ al-qadīr, vol. 3, p. 387.
  8. ↑ Qarashī, Ḥayāt al-Imām al-Ḥusayn, vol. 1, p. 94.
  9. ↑ Ibn Abī Shayba, al-Muṣannaf, vol. 6, p. 380.
  10. ↑ Ranjbar Ḥusaynī and Ḥāʾirī, Barrasī-yi iʿtibār wa dilālat-i hadīth-i Nabawī: Ḥusayn minnī wa 'ana min Ḥusayn, p. 9.
  11. ↑ Ranjbar Ḥusaynī and Ḥāʾirī, Barrasī-yi iʿtibār wa dilālat-i hadīth-i Nabawī: Ḥusayn minnī wa 'ana min Ḥusayn, p. 9.
  12. ↑ Ibn Qūlawayh, Kāmil al-zīyārāt, p. 53.
  13. ↑ Maghribī, Sharḥ al-akhbār, vol. 3, p. 112.
  14. ↑ Mufīd, al-Irshād, vol. 2, p. 127.
  15. ↑ Ranjbar Ḥusaynī and Ḥāʾirī, Barrasī-yi iʿtibār wa dilālat-i hadīth-i Nabawī: Ḥusayn minnī wa 'ana min Ḥusayn, p. 8.
  16. ↑ Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 1, p. 27.
  17. ↑ Ibn Qūlawayh, Kāmil al-zīyārāt, p. 53.
  18. ↑ Ibn Ḥanbal, Musnad al-Imām Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal, vol. 29, p. 103.
  19. ↑ Ibn Māja, Sunan Ibn Māja, vol. 1, p. 101.
  20. ↑ Tirmidhī, Sunan al-Tirmidhī, vol. 5, p. 658.
  21. ↑ Ḥākim al-Nayshābūrī, al-Mustadrak ʿala l-ṣaḥīḥayn, vol. 3, p. 194.
  22. ↑ Ḥākim al-Nayshābūrī, al-Mustadrak ʿala l-ṣaḥīḥayn, vol. 3, p. 194.
  23. ↑ Haythamī, Majmaʿ al-zawāʾid, vol. 9, p. 185.
  24. ↑ Tirmidhī, Sunan al-Tirmidhī, vol. 5, p. 658.
  25. ↑ Āqā Buzurg Tihrānī, al-Dharīʿa, vol. 13, p. 196.
  26. ↑ Mushār, Fihrist-i kitāb-hā-yi chāpī ʿarabī, p. 311.

References

  • Āqā Buzurg Tihrānī, Muḥammad Muḥsin. Al-Dharīʿa ilā taṣānīf al-Shīʿa. Beirut: Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, 1403 AH.
  • Baḥrānī, Sayyid Hāshim b. Sulaymān al-. Ḥilyat al-abrār fī ahwāl Muḥammad wa ālih al-aṭhār (a). 1st edition. Qom: Muʾassisa al-Maʿārif al-Islāmīyya, 1411 AH.
  • Ḥākim al-Nayshābūrī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-. Al-Mustadrak ʿala l-ṣaḥīḥayn. Edited by Musṭafā ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1411 AH.
  • Haythamī, ʿAlī b. Abūbakr. Majmaʿ al-zawāʾid wa manbaʿ al-fawāʾid. Edited by Hisam al-Din Qudsi. Cairo: Maktabat al-Qudsī, 1414 AH.
  • Ibn Ḥanbal, Aḥmad b. Muḥammad. Musnad al-Imām Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal. Edited by Shuʿayb al-Arnaʾūt and ʿĀdil Murshid. Beirut: Al-Risāla, 1421 AH.
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  • Kūfī, Ibn Abī Shayba al-. Al-Muṣannaf fī l-aḥādīth wa l-āthār. Edited by Kamāl Yūsuf al-Ḥūt. Riyadh: Maktabat al-Rushd, 1409 AH.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār. Second edition. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.
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  • Ranjbar Ḥusaynī, Muḥammad and Ḥāʾirī, Māʾida. Barrasī-yi iʿtibār wa dilālat-i hadīth-i Nabawī: Ḥusayn minnī wa 'ana min Ḥusayn. In Maʿārif-i Ḥusaynī 15 (1398 Sh).
  • Tirmidhī, Muḥammad ibn ʿĪsā al-. Sunan al-Tirmidhī. Edited by Aḥmad Muḥammad Shākir, Muḥammad fuʾād ʿAbd al-Bāqī and Ibrāhīm ʿUṭwa. Miṣr, Shirkat Maktabat wa Maṭbaʿat Muṣṭafā al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī, 1395 AH.
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