Raja' b. Abi Dahhak

Priority: c, Quality: b
From wikishia
Raja' b. Abi Dahhak
Religious AffiliationIslam
Well-known RelativesFadl b. Sahl
BirthUnknown
Place of BirthJarjaray, Iraq
Death226/840-1
Notable rolesAccompanying Imam al-Rida (a) from Medina to Merv
ActivitiesHe was in charge of cataloguing taxes for Abbasid


Rajāʾ b. Abī Ḍaḥḥāk (Arabic: رجاء بن ابي ضحاك) was an agent who accompanied Imam al-Rida (a) from Medina to Merv. His accompaniment and his treatments were widely talked about in early sources. During the trip, he monitored the Imam's actions and gave reports to Medina. He was an Abbasid statesman who occupied positions, such as the catalogue of taxes, during the reign of caliphs such as al-Ma'mun al-'Abbasi, al-Mu'tasim, and al-Wathiq.

Brief Introduction

Raja' b. Abi Dahhak was a statesman. He occupied positions in the Abbasid government during the reign of al-Ma'mun and then al-Mu'tasim and al-Wathiq. Raja' was from Jarjaray[1] (Jarjaray was an area between Wasit and Baghdad, which no longer exists today.[2]) and had a kinship with Fadl b. Sahl, al-Ma'mun's vizier.[3] In some sources, he is said to be the son of Fadl's paternal uncle or the son of Fadl's sister.

There is no information about Raja' b. Abi Dahhak's date of birth. The date of his death was allegedly 226/840-1.[4] He was killed by 'Ali b. Ishaq, the supplier of the Army of Damascus, after quarrels with him.[5] His son, al-Hasan, was later assigned to some positions in the Abbasid government.[6]

Ordered to Accompany Imam al-Rida from Medina to Merv

What made Raja' famous in the history of Islam was his accompaniment of Imam al-Rida (a) in his trip to Merv.[7] He had quarrels with some Talibids such as Muhammad b. Ja'far, known as Muhammad al-Dibaj. He was ordered by al-Ma'mun to accompany Imam al-Rida (a) in his journey to Merv. This is cited in historical works and those of sects and hadiths.[8]

During the journey, he monitored the Imam's behaviors and gave an elaborate report of these to al-Ma'mun. His reports of the Imam's worships during the journey have been cited in Shi'a sources.[9] In some areas where the Imam (a) did a supernatural act, he tried to take the Imam (a) and his companions out of the area immediately.[10]

There is a report according to which some companions of the Imam (a) decided to assassinate Raja' on the way, but it was prohibited by the Imam (a).[11] The Imam's words when deterring his companions from killing Raja' led some people to regard Raja' as a good person.[12]

In some sources, the person who accompanied the Imam (a) is said to be 'Isa b. Yazid al-Jaludi.[13] In order to reconcile the two reports, some people believe that the agent who accompanied the Imam (a) from Medina to Fars was al-Jaludi, and the agent who accompanied the Imam (a) from Fars to Merv was Raja'.[14]

Governmental Jobs after the Martyrdom of Imam al-Rida

Raja' b. Abi Dahhak succeeded al-Ma'mun when he left Khorasan,[15] and then at some point, he was appointed as the ruler of Hyrcania.[16] Sometime during al-Ma'mun's caliphate, he was in charge of cataloguing taxes,[17] and in the period of al-Mu'tasim, his jurisdiction was limited to taxes of Damascus.[18] During the reign of al-Wathiq, he was in charge of the taxes of the army of Damascus.[19]

Notes

  1. ↑ Ibn ʿAsākir, Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq, vol. 18, p. 122; Ṣafadī, al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt, vol. 14, p. 104.
  2. ↑ Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān, vol. 2, p. 123; Qazwīnī, Āthār al-bilād, p. 351.
  3. ↑ Yaʿqūbī, Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī, p. 448, 452; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 8, p. 540; Ibn Rusta, al-Aʿlāq al-nafīsa, p. 307.
  4. ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 9, p. 111.
  5. ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 9, p. 111; Ibn ʿAsākir, Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq, vol. 18, p. 122-124; Ṣafadī, al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt, vol. 14, p. 104.
  6. ↑ Ibn ʿAsākir, Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq, vol. 13, p. 84-90; Ṣafadī, al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt, vol. 12, p. 9-11.
  7. ↑ Yaʿqūbī, Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī, vol. 2, p. 448; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 8, p. 544; Khaṭīb Baghdādī, Tārīkh-i Baghdād, vol. 19, p. 141; Nawbakhtī, Firaq al-Shīʿa, p. 87; Ṣadūq, ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā, vol. 2, p. 147, 165, 180, 205.
  8. ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 8, p. 540; Fasawī, al-Maʿrifat wa al-tārīkh, vol. 1, p. 191.
  9. ↑ Ṣadūq, ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā, vol. 2, p. 180-183; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa, vol. 4, p. 55-56.
  10. ↑ Ibn Ḥamza, al-Thāqib fī al-manāqib, p. 488-489; Rāwandī, al-Kharāʾij wa l-jarāʾiḥ, vol. 2, p. 661-662.
  11. ↑ Ṣadūq, ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā, vol. 2, p. 205-206.
  12. ↑ Ṣadūq, ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā, vol. 2, p. 205.
  13. ↑ Abu l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn, p. 454; Mufīd, al-Irshād, vol. 2, p. 259; Fattāl al-Nayshābūrī, Rawḍat al-wāʿiẓīn, vol. 1, p. 224.
  14. ↑ Qāḍī Nuʿmān, Sharḥ al-akhbār, vol. 3, p. 339-340.
  15. ↑ Ibn Rusta, al-Aʿlāq al-nafīsa, p. 307; Yaʿqūbī, Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī, vol. 2, p. 452-453.
  16. ↑ Ibn Khaldūn, Tārīkh Ibn Khaldūn, vol. 3, p. 313.
  17. ↑ Ibn ʿAsākir, Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq, vol. 18, p. 122; Ṣafadī, al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt, vol. 14, p. 104.
  18. ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk, vol. 9, p. 111; Ibn ʿAsākir, Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq, vol. 18, p. 122; Ṣafadī, al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt, vol. 14, p. 104.
  19. ↑ Ibn ʿAsākir, Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq, vol. 18, p. 122; Ṣafadī, al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt, vol. 14, p. 104.

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