Sa'id b. Qays al-Hamdani

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Sa'id b. Qays al-Hamdani
Full NameSa'id b. Qays al-Hamdani
Companion ofImam Ali (a), Imam al-Hasan (a)
LineageHamdan
Wellknown Relatives'Abd al-Rahman (son)
Place(s) of ResidenceMedina, Ray, Kufa


Saʿīd b. Qays al-Hamdānī (Arabic: سعید بن قَیس الهَمْدانی) was a companion of Imam Ali (a) and Imam al-Hasan (a). He exhibited gallantry in battles of Jamal and Siffin, and killed many prominent warriors in Mu'awiya b. Abi Sufyan's army. Sa'id was always trusted by Imam Ali (a). The Imam (a) composed a poem praising Sa'id and confirming his righteousness. He was a narrator of hadiths from Imam Ali (a).

After the martyrdom of Imam Ali (a), he accompanied Imam al-Hasan (a) and was highly regarded of by him. One of his sons, 'Abd al-Rahman, was the agent of al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi in Mosul and died in the army of al-Mukhtar.

Lineage and Tribe

Sa'id was from the clan, Banu Zayd b. Marib, and the Yemeni tribe of Hamdan in Iraq. He was the head of the tribe.[1]

Activities

  • The commandership of the cavalries of the Hamdan tribe in Imam 'Ali's (a) army in the Battle of Jamal.[5]
  • The commandership of the Rajraja army,[6] Himyaris, and militias of the Hamdan tribe in Imam 'Ali's (a) army in the Battle of Siffin.[7]
  • He objected to the Arbitration after the Battle of Siffin but he finally accepted it and was one of the Imam's (a) witnesses on the arbitration pact.[9] When the arbitration was announced, Imam 'Ali (a) departed for Syria in order to fight Mu'awiya. Sa'id b. Qays declared that he and his tribe will attend the battle.[10]
  • After Imam 'Ali's (a) martyrdom, Sa'id b. Qays accompanied Imam al-Hasan (a) and was highly regarded of by him. When Imam al-Hasan (a) sent his 12000 army to combat Mu'awiya under the commandership of 'Ubayd Allah b. al-'Abbas, he appointed Sa'id b. Qays as one of his counselors and the second (or the third) successor of 'Ubayd Allah.[13]

In Imam 'Ali (a)'s Words

Sa'id's and his tribe's gallantry in the Battle of Siffin motivated Imam 'Ali (a) to compose poems praising him and his tribe, Hamdan.[14] In this poem, Imam 'Ali (a) described Sa'id as a man whose words, deeds and generosity are right and firm.[15] Sa'id narrated hadiths from Imam 'Ali (a).[16]

Characteristics

Sa'id b. Qays was a courageous, clever, and generous man from Arabs.[17] He composed poems. Some historians reported his paeans in battles of Jamal and Siffin.[18] He was a good speaker and orator. In the Battle of Siffin, he gave an influential speech to encourage his men to follow Imam 'Ali (a). In the speech, he praised Imam 'Ali (a) and reproached Mu'awiya.

Children

Sa'id had a daughter who was forced by al-Hajjaj b. Yusuf al-Thaqafi—the ruler of Basra and Kufa—to marry an enemy of Imam 'Ali (a).[19]

Sa'id had a son, called 'Abd al-Rahman, who was al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi's agent in Mosul. He died in 66/685 in al-Mukhtar's army.[20] His other son, 'Amr, was also in al-Mukhtar's army.[21]

It seems that Sa'id had other children who resided in Yemen, since the Sa'id in Household in Bayt Zud (Yemen) is attributed to Sa'id b. Qays.[22]

Death

It is not known when Sa'id died. Although al-Zirikli reported that he died in about 50/670-1,[23] Ibn Kalbi's account shows that he was alive a long time after that.

Notes

  1. ↑ Hamdānī, al-Akyal min akhbār, vol. 10, p. 54, 58.
  2. ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī, vol. 4, p. 129.
  3. ↑ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī, vol. 4, p. 330; Ibn Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 147, 187.
  4. ↑ Ibn Shabbah, Tārīkh al-madīna, vol. 4, p. 1313.
  5. ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 2, p. 166; Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl, p. 146, 150; Mufīd, al-Jumal, p. 319.
  6. ↑ Naṣr b. Muzāhim, Waqʿat Ṣiffīn, p. 453, 520.
  7. ↑ Naṣr b. Muzāhim, Waqʿat Ṣiffīn, p. 117.
  8. ↑ Naṣr b. Muzāhim, Waqʿat Ṣiffīn, p. 187; Ibn Aʿtham al-Kūfī, Kitāb al-Futūḥ, vol. 3, p. 1920.
  9. ↑ Naṣr b. Muzāhim, Waqʿat Ṣiffīn, p. 506-511; Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 2, p. 231; Dīnawarī, p. 196.
  10. ↑ Ibn Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 3, p. 340.
  11. ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 2, p. 319-321, 341-342; Thaqafī al-Kūfī, al-Ghārāt, vol. 2, p. 464-472, 637; Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī, vol. 5, p. 79.
  12. ↑ Ṣadūq, al-Khiṣāl, p. 382.
  13. ↑ Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 12, p. 381; Abū l-Faraj, Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn, p. 62.
  14. ↑ Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib, vol. 2, p. 355; Ibn Abī l-Ḥadīd, Sharḥ Nahj al-balagha, vol. 5, p. 216; Naṣr b. Muzāhim, Waqʿat Ṣiffīn, p. 273-274; Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 2, p. 322.
  15. ↑ Hamdānī, al-Akyal min akhbār, vol. 10, p. 59.
  16. ↑ Naṣr b. Muzāhim, Waqʿat Ṣiffīn, p. 236, 237, 250.
  17. ↑ Hamdānī, al-Akyal min akhbār, vol. 10, p. 58-59.
  18. ↑ Naṣr b. Muzāhim, Waqʿat Ṣiffīn, p. 427; Ibn Abī l-Ḥadīd, Sharḥ Nahj al-balagha, vol. 1, p. 144.
  19. ↑ Ibn Abī l-Ḥadīd, Sharḥ Nahj al-balagha, vol. 4, p. 61.
  20. ↑ Yaʿqūbī, Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī, vol. 2, p. 259; Ibn Athīr, Usd al-ghāba, vol. 4, p. 239.
  21. ↑ Dīnawarī, al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl, p. 297.
  22. ↑ Hamdānī, al-Akyal min akhbār, vol. 10, p. 59.
  23. ↑ Ziriklī, al-Aʿlām, vol. 3, p. 100.

References

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  • Balādhurī, Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā al-. Ansāb al-ashrāf. Edited by Maḥmūd Firdaws al-ʿAzm. Damascus: 1997.
  • Dīnawarī, Aḥmad b. Dāwūd al-. al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl. Edited by ʿAbd al-Munʿim ʿĀmir and Jamāl al-Dīn Shiyāl. Cairo: 1960.
  • Dīnawarī, Aḥmad b. Dāwūd al-. Al-Imāma wa l-sīyāsa. Edited by Ṭāhā Muḥammad al-Zaynī. Cairo: 1387 AH-1967.
  • Ibn Abī l-Ḥadīd, ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd b. Hibat Allāh. Sharḥ Nahj al-balagha. Edited by Muḥammad Abu l-faḍl Ibrāhīm. Cairo: 1378 AH-1959.
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  • Mufīd, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. Al-Jumal wa al-nuṣra li sayyid al-ʿitra fī ḥarb al-Baṣra. Edited by ʿAlī Mīrsharīfī. Qom: 1416 AH.
  • Numīrī, Ibn Shabbah. Tārīkh al-madīna al-muawwara. Edited by Fahīm Muḥammad Shaltūt. Beirut: 1410 AH-1990.
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